Reduced medical spending associated with integrated pharmacy benefits

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. e242-e247
Keyword(s):  
Medical Spending ◽  
Pharmacy Benefits

scholarly journals Pharmacy Benefits and the Use of Drugs by the Chronically Ill

JAMA ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 291 (19) ◽  
pp. 2344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana P. Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Pharmacy Benefits

AGE AND MEDICAL SPENDING

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1096-1096
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Spending ◽  
Medical Spending ◽  
Business Week

On average, 85% of an individual's health care expenses are in the last two years of life, reports Business Week magazine, adding that the 11% of the population older than 65 years of age now accounts for 35% of the nation's health care spending. By the year 2040, Americans older than 65 will account for 20% of the population.

Medical Spending for the 2001 Anthrax Letter Attacks

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 539-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Zacchia ◽  
Ketra Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Public Health Preparedness ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Medical Spending ◽  
The Us

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis paper assesses the total medical costs associated with the US anthrax letter attacks of 2001. This information can be used to inform policies, which may help mitigate the potential economic impacts of similar bioterrorist attacks.MethodsJournal publications and news reports were reviewed to establish the number of people who were exposed, were potentially exposed, received prophylactics, and became ill. Where available, cost data from the anthrax letter attacks were used. Where data were unavailable, high, low, and best cost estimates were developed from the broader literature to create a cost model and establish economic impacts.ResultsMedical spending totaled approximately $177 million.ConclusionsThe largest expenditures stemmed from self-initiated prophylaxis (worried well): people who sought prophylactic treatment without any indication that they had been exposed to anthrax letters. This highlights an area of focus for mitigating the economic impacts of future disasters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:539-546)

scholarly journals Resistance proportions for eight priority antibiotic-bacterium combinations in OECD, EU/EEA and G20 countries 2000 to 2030: a modelling study

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Cravo Oliveira Hashiguchi ◽  
Driss Ait Ouakrim ◽  
Michael Padget ◽  
Alessandro Cassini ◽  
Michele Cecchini
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Medical Spending ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Uncertainty Sets ◽  
If Current ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
Selection Algorithms

Background Antimicrobial resistance is widely considered an urgent global health issue due to associated mortality and disability, societal and healthcare costs. Aim To estimate the past, current and projected future proportion of infections resistant to treatment for eight priority antibiotic-bacterium combinations from 2000 to 2030 for 52 countries. Methods We collated data from a variety of sources including ResistanceMap and World Bank. Feature selection algorithms and multiple imputation were used to produce a complete historical dataset. Forecasts were derived from an ensemble of three models: exponential smoothing, linear regression and random forest. The latter two were informed by projections of antibiotic consumption, out-of-pocket medical spending, populations aged 64 years and older and under 15 years and real gross domestic product. We incorporated three types of uncertainty, producing 150 estimates for each country-antibiotic-bacterium-year. Results Average resistance proportions across antibiotic-bacterium combinations could grow moderately from 17% to 18% within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; growth in 64% of uncertainty sets), from 18% to 19% in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA; growth in 87% of uncertainty sets) and from 29% to 31% in Group of Twenty (G20) countries (growth in 62% of uncertainty sets) between 2015 and 2030. There is broad heterogeneity in levels and rates of change across countries and antibiotic-bacterium combinations from 2000 to 2030. Conclusion If current trends continue, resistance proportions are projected to marginally increase in the coming years. The estimates indicate there is significant heterogeneity in resistance proportions across countries and antibiotic-bacterium combinations.

scholarly journals Medical Spending, Bequests, and Asset Dynamics Around the Time of Death

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bailey Jones ◽  
Mariacristina De Nardi ◽  
Eric French ◽  
Rory McGee ◽  
Rachel Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Time Of Death ◽  
Medical Spending

scholarly journals Internet of Things–Enabled Technologies for Weight Management in Children and Adolescents: Protocol for a Systematic Review

10.2196/16930 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. e16930
Author(s):  
Ching Lam ◽  
Madison Milne-Ives ◽  
Michelle Helena Van Velthoven ◽  
Edward Meinert
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Medical Spending ◽  
Google Search

Background Childhood obesity is a serious global issue, leading to increased medical spending on obesity-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. There is a need for health care services that link health behavior to risk factors, such as diet and physical activity, and that provide better advice and feedback to users, which Internet of Things–enabled technologies could facilitate. Objective The objective of the systematic review will be to identify available Internet of Things–enabled technologies for weight management of children and adolescents (users younger than 18 years). It will also aim to understand the use, effectiveness, and feasibility of these technologies. Methods We will search the Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest Central, and IEEE Xplore Digital Library databases for studies published after 2010, using a combination of keywords and subject headings related to health activity tracking, youth, and Internet of Things. In addition, a Google search to identify grey literature will be conducted. Two authors will independently screen the titles and abstracts identified from the search and accept or reject the studies according to the study inclusion criteria. Any discrepancies will then be discussed and resolved. The quality of the included studies will be assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklists. Data from included studies will be extracted into a predesigned form to identify the types of devices or apps, Internet of Things applications, and health outcomes related to weight management. Results A preliminary search on Medline returned 484 results. The publication of the final systematic review is expected in mid-2020. Conclusions The effectiveness and feasibility of physical activity trackers and consumer wearables for different patient groups have been well reviewed, but there are currently no published reviews that look into these technologies in the wider Internet of Things context. This review aims to address this gap by examining Internet of Things–enabled technologies that are designed for youth weight management and thus inform further research and clinical studies to reduce childhood obesity. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/16930

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document