scholarly journals Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach

10.3791/3598 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon J. Morgan ◽  
Antonio G. Paolini
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Stimulus Pair ◽  
Electrical Stimuli

scholarly journals Effects of extinction on classical conditioning and conditioning-specific reflex modification of rabbit heart rate

2010 ◽  
Vol 206 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren B. Burhans ◽  
Carrie Smith-Bell ◽  
Bernard G. Schreurs
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Rabbit Heart ◽  
Reflex Modification

Continuous Auscultation of Heart and Bilateral Breath Sounds

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-746
Author(s):  
NATHAN SCHWARTZ ◽  
JAMES B. EISENKRAFT
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Sleep Pattern ◽  
Monitoring Device ◽  
Challenging Problem ◽  
Breath Sounds ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Exposure

To the Editor.— The frequent determination of vital signs, such as heart rate and bilateral breath sounds, is a mainstay in the care of critically ill infants. Unfortunately, the routine determination of such vital signs involves the manipulation and disturbance of the infant, unnecessary risk of exposure to cold, increased risk of apnea, and infection.1,2 In addition, the frequent disruption of the infant's sleep pattern may take an unaccountable physiologic and psychologic toll. To deal with this common and challenging problem we have devised a simple and inexpensive monitoring device, using readily available supplies, which facilitates the continuous or intermittent evaluation of heart rate and bilateral breath sounds.

Determination of maximal aerobic power during upper-body exercise

1983 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Sawka ◽  
M. E. Foley ◽  
N. A. Pimental ◽  
M. M. Toner ◽  
K. B. Pandolf
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Power ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Upper Body Exercise ◽  
Peak Vo2 ◽  
Power Peak

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate four protocols for their effectiveness in eliciting maximal aerobic power (peak VO2) during arm-crank exercise. Comparisons were made 1) between a continuous (CON) and an intermittent (INT) protocol (both employed a crank rate of 50 rpm) and 2) among the CON protocols employing crank rates of 30, 50, or 70 rpm. For the first group of experiments no significant (P greater than 0.05) differences were found between the CON and INT protocols for peak VO2, maximal pulmonary ventilation (VEmax), maximal heart rate (HRmax), or maximal blood lactate (LAmax) responses. For the second group of experiments, the CON-50 was compared with the CON-30 and CON-70 protocols. In comparison to the CON-50, significantly higher peak VO2 (+10%) and VEmax (+14%) responses were elicited by the CON-70 protocol, whereas significantly lower peak VO2 (-11%), VEmax (-23%), HRmax (-8%), and LAmax (-29%) responses were elicited by the CON-30 protocol. Of the arm-crank protocols examined the combination of a continuous design and a crank rate of 70 rpm provided the most effective protocol to elicit peak VO2 values.

scholarly journals Development of a Classical Conditioning Task for Humans Examining Phasic Heart Rate Responses to Signaled Appetitive Stimuli: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Sayão ◽  
Heloisa Alves ◽  
Emi Furukawa ◽  
Thomas Schultz Wenk ◽  
Mauricio Cagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Orienting Response ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Cardiac Responses ◽  
Cardiac Deceleration ◽  
Appetitive Stimuli ◽  
Autonomic Changes ◽  
Food Images

Cardiac responses to appetitive stimuli have been studied as indices of motivational states and attentional processes, the former being associated with cardiac acceleration and latter deceleration. Very few studies have examined heart rate changes in appetitive classical conditioning in humans. The current study describes the development and pilot testing of a classical conditioning task to assess cardiac responses to appetitive stimuli and cues that reliably precede them. Data from 18 adults were examined. They were shown initially neutral visual stimuli (putative CS) on a computer screen followed by pictures of high-caloric food (US). Phasic cardiac deceleration to food images was observed, consistent with an orienting response to motivationally significant stimuli. Similar responses were observed to non-appetitive stimuli when they were preceded by the cue associated with the food images, suggesting that attentional processes were engaged by conditioned stimuli. These autonomic changes provide significant information about classical conditioning effects in humans.

scholarly journals Autonomic and endothelial dysfunction with neurocirculatory asthenia in young men of call-up age

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Vladimir S. Ivanov ◽  
Lilia I. Levina ◽  
Sergey N. Ivanov ◽  
Vladimir S. Vasilenko
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Regulation Type ◽  
Vasodilator Reserve ◽  
Vegetative Regulation

Young men of call-up age with neurocirculatory were asthenia were examined for autonomic regulation of cardiac activity and vasodilatory reserve of the arteries. The functional state of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) was studied with the aid of rythmography with analyse of heart rate variability. The following parameters were studied: vegetative regulation type, responsiveness of departments of ANS and autonomic provision of cardiac activity. The type of vegetative regulation was determined by the mean value of RR interval and indication of the heart rate variability (∆RR). Reactivity of parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the ANS and autonomic support of cardiac activity were investigated using breathing test. To ensure vegetative dysadaptation cardiac activity includes reaction with low vegetative coverage of both divisions of the ANS and paradoxical reaction in which there is a decrease in ∆RRmax (instead of increase) and an increase in ∆RRmin instead of decrease. These reactions indicate autonomic dysfunction. Vasodilatory reserve of the arteries was investigated using ultrasonography of the brachial artery with compressive sample and determination of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. It was found that in boys with neurocirculatory asthenia vagotonic and sympathetic types of vegetative regulation are often determined by disadaptative vegetative provision of cardiac activity, which is accompanied by endothelial dysfunction with reduced vasodilator reserve of the arteries.

Pleasingness vs Interestingness of Visual Stimuli with Controlled Complexity: Their Relationship to Looking Time as a Function of Exposure Time

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerda Smets
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Binocular Rivalry ◽  
Stimulus Pair ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stimulus Complexity

Ss take more time to perceive interesting/displeasing stimuli than uninteresting/pleasing ones. This is consistent with the results of former experiments. However we used a different operationalization of looking time, based on binocular rivalry. Each of six stimulus pairs was presented in a stereoscope. One member of each pair was interesting but displeasing in comparison to the other member. Stimulus complexity was under control. Due to binocular rivalry Ss perceived only one pattern a time. 20 Ss were asked to indicate which pattern they actually saw by pushing two buttons. For each stimulus pair was registered how long each button was pushed during each of six successive minutes. Unlike other operationalizations this one is less dependent on S's determination of what stimulus will be looked at or for how long. It has the advantage that it is bound up more exclusively with relations of similarity and dissimilarity between stimulus elements. It allows manipulation of exposure time in a systematic and continuous way. There is no significant interaction between looking and exposure time.

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