Condition of vegetative regulation at concussion of a head brain in children of preschool age

Peculiarities of infringement of the vegetative status in children, having had concussion of a head brain are revealed. Infringements of vegetative systems activity was displayed by an oppression of eigotrops link, causing unsufficient vegetative reaction and inadequate vegetative maintenance of activity. Interrelation of character of vegetative reaction with terms of remote period was shown. Influence of age of the children, character of perynatal anamnes, degree of clinical indemnification were revealed.

Characteristics of physical qualities and vegetative regulation in adolescents with postural disorders

Objective. To characterize the physical qualities and autonomic regulation in adolescents with postural disorders. Material and methods. 124 teenagers aged 16-17 including 58 boys and 66 girls were examined. There were 2 groups of patients: with postural disorders in the sagittal (n = 57) and frontal plane (n = 67). The examination program included an assessment of physical development, somatotype, general endurance and static endurance of the large muscles of the back and trunk, autonomic regulation by analyzing heart rate variability, levels of personal and situational anxiety, as well as self-esteem. Results. Adolescents with impaired posture in the sagittal plane are characterized by the predominance of the asthenoid somatotype, a high frequency of body weight deficiency, a decrease in overall endurance, as well as endurance of the back and abdominal muscles, and a predominance of the activity of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system. In this category of patients, the thoracic and muscular types of physique predominate in the frontal plane of postural disorders, and there is a significant asymmetry in the static endurance of the lateral muscles of the trunk, and an increase in the functional activity of the sympathetic autonomic nervous system. In both of these variants of postural disorders in adolescents, there is a high frequency of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia, sympathetic hyperreactivity, personal and situational anxiety, and a decrease in self-esteem. Conclusions. Features of physical qualities, vegetative regulation and psychological sphere should be taken into account when developing differentiated programs for correcting posture in adolescents, depending on the plane of its violation.

REGULATORY PECULIARITIES OF ADAPTATION OF CARDIOHEMODYNAMIC TO LOADS OF DIFFERENT MODALITIES IN BOXERS

Ensuring a high level of fitness is directly related to the improvement of regulatory mechanisms in response to external stimuli. The leading role in the complex neurodynamics underlying the reactions of balance, orientation in space and coordination of movements in the dynamic conditions of boxing belongs to the vestibular analyzer and the complex system of unconditional vestibulosomatic and vestibulovegetative reflexes. Under the action of vestibular stimuli during training in boxers, the participation of vegetative components in the response of the body increases sharply and can lead to the appearance of a stress response. In qualified boxers with different levels of vestibular stability, significant differences in functional reserves were revealed, quantitatively expressed by the coefficient of vestibular and vegetative adaptability, which can be used to rank boxers according to the degree of their adaptive capabilities. Given the changes in the mechanisms of vegetative regulation in contingents with different levels of vestibular stability, the question arises of a quantitative assessment of the qualitative effects of the vestibular apparatus on the vegetative support of activity. Methods of measuring vegetative regulation reserves in order to analyze the effectiveness of the training process are insufficiently covered in literary sources. In this regard, the aim of our study was to identify the regulatory features of the adaptation of cardiohemodynamics to loads of different modality in boxers and the possibility of using the coefficient of vegetative-vestibular adaptivity (Cvva) in the quantitative assessment of regulatory reserves. It was revealed that the level of adaptation of boxers to physical and vestibular loads is directly related to the vegetative provision of cardiohemodynamics when performing loads of different modality and depends on the level of qualification or training experience, as well as the level of general physical performance. In boxers with different levels of vestibular stability, significant differences in functional reserves were revealed, quantitatively expressed by the coefficient of vestibular and vegetative adaptability. In qualified athletes at rest, the indices of heart rate and double work were significantly lower with an increase in the ability to perform physical load, and the values of VO2 max in experienced boxers exceeded the values of beginner boxers by 19.2 % (p<0.01). Reflecting the reduced reserves of adaptation to vestibular load, the coefficient of stability in the group of novice athletes was twice significantly higher than the data in the group of qualified boxers, and with a decrease in the level of vestibular stability in boxers, the coefficient of vegetative and vestibular adaptability also increased. Thus, both the energy and regulatory components form the adaptation of boxers to training loads, the integral indicator of which can be the mechanisms of regulation of cardiac activity.