scholarly journals Short Circuit Faults Identification and Localization in IEEE 34 Nodes Distribution Feeder Based on the Theory of Wavelets

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Sara Authafa
Keyword(s):  
Fault Location ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Circuit Breaker ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Detection Scheme ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
System Protection ◽  
Fault Type ◽  
Distribution Feeder ◽  
System States

In this paper a radial distribution feeder protection scheme against short circuit faults is introduced. It is based on utilizing the substation measured current signals in detecting faults and obtaining useful information about their types and locations. In order to facilitate important measurement signals features extraction such that better diagnosis of faults can be achieved, the discrete wavelet transform is exploited. The captured features are then utilized in detecting, identifying the faulted phases (fault type), and fault location. In case of a fault occurrence, the detection scheme will make a decision to trip out a circuit breaker residing at the feeder mains. This decision is made based on a criteria that is set to distinguish between the various system states in a reliable and accurate manner. After that, the fault type and location are predicted making use of the cascade forward neural networks learning and generalization capabilities. Useful information about the fault location can be obtained provided that the fault distance from source, as well as whether it resides on the main feeder or on one of the laterals can be predicted. By testing the functionality of the proposed scheme, it is found that the detection of faults is done fastly and reliably from the view point of power system protection relaying requirements. It also proves to overcome the complexities provided by the feeder structure to the accuracy of the identification process of fault types and locations. All the simulations and analysis are performed utilizing MATLAB R2016b version software package.

scholarly journals Comparison of Various Mother Wavelets for Fault Classification in Electrical Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaichan Pothisarn ◽  
Jittiphong Klomjit ◽  
Atthapol Ngaopitakkul ◽  
Chaiyan Jettanasen ◽  
Dimas Anton Asfani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Fault Location ◽  
Classification Algorithm ◽  
Fault Classification ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Mother Wavelet ◽  
System Protection ◽  
Fault Type ◽  
Zero Sequence ◽  
Mother Wavelets

This paper presents a comparative study on mother wavelets using a fault type classification algorithm in a power system. The study aims to evaluate the performance of the protection algorithm by implementing different mother wavelets for signal analysis and determines a suitable mother wavelet for power system protection applications. The factors that influence the fault signal, such as the fault location, fault type, and inception angle, have been considered during testing. The algorithm operates by applying the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to the three-phase current and zero-sequence signal obtained from the experimental setup. The DWT extracts high-frequency components from the signals during both the normal and fault states. The coefficients at scales 1–3 have been decomposed using different mother wavelets, such as Daubechies (db), symlets (sym), biorthogonal (bior), and Coiflets (coif). The results reveal different coefficient values for the different mother wavelets even though the behaviors are similar. The coefficient for any mother wavelet has the same behavior but does not have the same value. Therefore, this finding has shown that the mother wavelet has a significant impact on the accuracy of the fault classification algorithm.

Power Plant Station Protection System against Voltage Fluctuation

2015 ◽  
Vol 793 ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abadal Salam T. Hussain ◽  
Waleed A. Oraibi ◽  
Fadhel A. Jumaa ◽  
F. Malek ◽  
Syed F. Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power System ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Circuit Breaker ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
System Protection ◽  
Protective Relay

Electrical Power System protection is required to protectboth the user and the system equipment itself fromany fault, hence electrical power system is not allowed to operate without any protection devices installed. Power System fault is defined as the undesirable condition that occurs in the power system. Some of these undesirable conditions are short circuit, current leakage, ground faultand over-under voltage. With the increasing loads, voltages and short-circuit duty in power plant, over voltage protection has become more important today. Here, the component that had been used is PIC 16F877a microcontroller to control the whole system and especially on the circuit breakers as well as the LCT display unit is used to display the voltage level and type of generator that used to serve the load. Sensors are used to measure both thevoltage and the load. The controlled digital signal from PIC microcontroller is converted by using the digital analog converter to control the whole circuit. Thus a device called protective relay is created to meet this requirement. The protective relay is mostlyoften coupled with circuit breaker in a way that it can isolate the abnormal condition in the system.

Fault Location of Transmission Line Based on Discrete Wavelet Transforms

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 1269-1273
Author(s):  
Wen Xiu Tang ◽  
Mo Zhang ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Xu Fei Lang ◽  
Liang Kuan Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Line ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Wavelet Transforms ◽  
Fault Location ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Transient Signal ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Non Stationary Signal

In this paper, a novel method is investigated to detect short-circuit fault signal transmission lines in strong noise environment based on discrete wavelet transform theory. Simulation results show that the method can accurately determine the fault position, can effectively analyze the non-stationary signal and be suitable for transmission line fault occurred after transient signal detection. Furthermore, it can effectively eliminate noise effects of fault signal so as to realize the transmission lines of accurate fault.

A Comparison Study of Learning Algorithms for Estimating Fault Location

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimi Nurzilah Hashim ◽  
Muhammad Khusairi Osman ◽  
Mohammad Nizam Ibrahim ◽  
Ahmad Farid Abidin ◽  
Ahmad Asri Abd Samat
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Conjugate Gradient ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Fault Location ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Training Algorithm ◽  
System Protection ◽  
Fault Resistance ◽  
Quasi Newton ◽  
Selection Of

Fault location is one of the important scheme in power system protection to locate the exact location of disturbance. Nowadays, artificial neural networks (ANNs) are being used significantly to identify exact fault location on transmission lines. Selection of suitable training algorithm is important in analysis of ANN performance. This paper presents a comparative study of various ANN training algorithm to perform fault location scheme in transmission lines. The features selected into ANN is the time of first peak changes in discrete wavelet transform (DWT) signal by using faulted current signal acted as traveling wave fault location technique. Six types commonly used backpropagation training algorithm were selected including the Levenberg-Marquardt, Bayesian Regulation, Conjugate gradient backpropagation with Powell-Beale restarts, BFGS quasi-Newton, Conjugate gradient backpropagation with Polak-Ribiere updates and Conjugate gradient backpropagation with Fletcher-Reeves updates. The proposed fault location method is tested with varying fault location, fault types, fault resistance and inception angle. The performance of each training algorithm is evaluated by goodness-of-fit (R<sup>2</sup>), mean square error (MSE) and Percentage prediction error (PPE). Simulation results show that the best of training algorithm for estimating fault location is Bayesian Regulation (R<sup>2 </sup>= 1.0, MSE = 0.034557 and PPE = 0.014%).

Microgrid Protection Based on Specific Current Injection

2013 ◽  
Vol 805-806 ◽  
pp. 1082-1086
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Zhi Fei Chen ◽  
Jun Xia Qian ◽  
Hui Gang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Current Injection ◽  
Harmonic Current ◽  
Matlab Simulink ◽  
Injection Method ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Fault Type

Considering that microgrid (MG) can be controlled flexibly, its short circuit-current is limited and power flow is bidirectional. The paper presents a new relay protection scheme of microgrid based specific harmonic injection method. The injective harmonic flows all over microgrid and the amplitude of specific harmonic current will enhance in fault occasion. So the above characteristic can solve the problem of fault position and the symmetric characteristic can complete the identification of fault type. The discussion about the compatibility of microgrid protection and conventional distribution network line protection. At last, the combined microgrid model is built in Matlab/Simulink environment. The simulation result demonstrated that the above method can complete the identification of fault position and type and it also can coordinate with the traditional line protection well.

Generating Various Inverse Time over Current Numerical Relays Using Microcontroller for Power System Protection

2013 ◽  
Vol 415 ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Vinay Barhate
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Circuit Breaker ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Current Sensor ◽  
Load Current ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
Protection Relay ◽  
System Protection ◽  
Laboratory Setup

Power System fault is defined as undesirable condition that occurs in the power system. These undesirable conditions such as short circuit, current leakage, ground short, over current and over voltage. This paper is an attempt to design and fabricate inverse time over current protection relay using basic Microcontroller. The 8051 Microcontroller will cause the circuit breaker to trip when the current from load current reaches the setting value in the micro controller and generates a time delay for tripping as per the type of Characteristics for which it is designed, may it be IDMT or normal inverse, very inverse or extremely inverse over current Relay. First the load current need to measure in order to monitor it using current sensor and when such condition arise, it will isolate in the shortest time possible without harming the any other electrical devices. The current sensor processes the signal using current to voltage converter, precision rectifier, Analog to Digital convertor, peripheral interfacing devices with Microcontroller chip takes the suitable action of generating trip signal at appropriate time for expected pick up value of current. It is tested with laboratory setup and found working satisfactory.

The Summary of the Fault Location in Distribution Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 811 ◽  
pp. 685-688
Author(s):  
You Jie Ma ◽  
Pan Long Jin ◽  
Xue Song Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Fault Location ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Fault Type ◽  
Location Methods ◽  
Short Circuit Fault ◽  
At Home

Various fault location methods for distribution network at home and abroad are summarized. According to the fault type,the location methods for short circuit fault and earthed fault are introduced. And the basic theories, characteristics, improvement and applications of the representative methods are analyzed. The main problems in the applications of these methods are analyzed. In view of these questions, users requirements and the development of distribution network, the improvement and research about fault location technical are proposed preliminarily.

Development of an Automated Three-Phase Distribution Box System

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
N M Nor ◽  
N S Zemri ◽  
S A Daud ◽  
T Ibrahim ◽  
H Daud
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Fault Location ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
External Disturbance ◽  
Circuit Breaker ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Power Outage ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Continuous Power

Most electrical appliances require continuous power supply. For domestic use, crucial appliances such as refrigerator, aquarium and alarm system highly depend upon the continuity of power supply. However, if they are left without electricity due to power outage or blackouts caused by internal or external disturbance, the discontinuity of power supply could be a critical issue to some involving party. Blackouts may be due to short circuit, fault or the overloading of electricity mains. During power outage, Residual Current Device (RCD) detects fault currents from live to the neutral wire within circuit and will trip to prevent shock. This circumstance can increase safety when a house is left unoccupied. Be that as it may, the power will remain switched off until manually reset by man. Thus, this paper presented a new concept of Three-Phase distribution box system in order to overcome tripping problem. This system will be able to identify and isolate the fault using measurement of current flow into each Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) of appliances and current flowing out from each of the load. The measured current value will be compared and the maximum allowable difference is 30mA. If the current difference exceeds the maximum limit then the fault MCB will be detected. Hence RCD will be automatically close the circuit after determining the fault location via the motor operation to make sure of power stability and evade any property loss.

scholarly journals Efficient Protection Scheme Based on Y-Source Circuit Breaker in Bi-Directional Zones for MVDC Micro-Grids

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Haider Al-khafaf ◽  
Johnson Asumadu
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Circuit Breaker ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Fault Type ◽  
Source Impedance ◽  
Source Current ◽  
Efficient Protection ◽  
Micro Grids

A new bi-directional circuit breaker is presented for medium-voltage dc (MVDC) systems. The Y-source impedance network topology is used to implement the breaker. The current transfer function is derived to show the frequency response and the breaker operation with the high frequencies. Mathematical analysis is achieved with different conditions of coupling among the breaker inductors. The minimum level of the magnetic coupling is determined, which is represented by the null condition. The effect of the turns-ratio on this condition is investigated as well. The breaker is designed with two types of fault conductance slope rates. The Y-source breaker is simulated, and the results verify the breaker operation during the fault condition and the load change. The results also demonstrate the effect of the coupling level on the minimum values of the source current when the fault occurs. Based on the expected fault type in the MVDC systems, the proposed breaker is developed to interrupt the overcurrent due to any of these fault types. A protection scheme is proposed for a 12-bus, two-level micro-grid, where the Y-source breakers are used in the bi-directional zones. The results verify the ability of the breaker to conduct and interrupt the current in both directions of the power flow.

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