Russian Peculiarities of Excess Mortality among Young Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-107
Author(s):  
Denis Pustovalov
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Demographic Processes

This paper provides to the explanation of Russian peculiarities of excess mortality among young adults. Social and economic crises of the 1990s exerted a negative effect on the demographic processes in Russia of that time. The greatest increase in mortality was observed among young adults. The long-term effects of economic and social changes have also influenced the dynamics of mortality in post-crisis generations. The fact has conditioned the Russian peculiarities of mortality among young adults. The paper presents the results of the study which explains the phenomenon of excess mortality in young adults and shows the Russian peculiarities of mortality. The author identifies the changes in age limits of excess mortality among young adults, connected with the negative dynamics of mortality within the generation of the 1970s compared with neighbouring generations. To confirm the hypothesis that the dynamics of mortality in the generation of the 1970s will be a long-term one the author resorts to APC (Age, Period, Cohort) analysis. The study confirms the high importance of the cohort effect on mortality among the generation of the 1970s. This generation is most vulnerable to mortality and shows lower rates of decline in mortality in recent years as compared to other generations. If the trend of mortality continues, the aging generation of the 1970s will increase the negative impact on further rise in anticipated life expectancy.

Pauperism in America: Long-term effects of childhood poverty on Caucasian young adults

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Finch ◽  
Heather Lopez ◽  
Jessie Shafer ◽  
Chrysalis L. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Childhood Poverty

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of a Parenting Preventive Intervention on Young Adults’ Attitudes Toward Divorce and Marriage

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharlene Wolchik ◽  
Caroline Christopher ◽  
Jenn-Yun Tein ◽  
C. Aubrey Rhodes ◽  
Irwin N. Sandler
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Long Term Effects

The persistent effect of banking crises on investment and the role of financial markets

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Rioja ◽  
Fernando Rios-Avila ◽  
Neven Valev
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Banking Crisis ◽  
Banking Crises ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Effect

Purpose – While the literature studying the effect of banking crises on real output growth rates has found short-lived effects, recent work has focused on the level effects showing that banking crises can reduce output below its trend for several years. This paper aims to investigate the effect of banking crises on investment finding a prolonged negative effect. Design/methodology/approach – The authors test to see whether investment declines after a banking crisis and, if it does, for how long and by how much. The paper uses data for 148 countries from 1963 to 2007. Econometrically, the authors test how banking crises episodes affect investment in future years after controlling for other potential determinants. Findings – The authors find that the investment to GDP ratio is on average about 1.7 percent lower for about eight years following a banking crisis. These results are robust after controlling for credit availability, institutional characteristics, and a host of other factors. Furthermore, the authors find that the size and duration of this adverse effect on investment varies according to the level of financial development of a country. The largest and longer-lasting decrease in investment is found in countries in a middle region of financial development, where finance plays its most important role according to theory. Originality/value – The authors contribute by finding that banking crisis can have long-term effects on investment of up to nine years. Further, the authors contribute by finding that the level of development of the country's financial markets affects the duration of this decrease in investment.

Long-Term Effects of Parenting and Family Characteristics on Delinquency of Male Young Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Machteld Hoeve ◽  
Wilma Smeenk ◽  
Rolf Loeber ◽  
Magda Stouthamer-Loeber ◽  
Peter H. van der Laan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Long Term Effects

Change in the rocky reef fish fauna of the iconic Poor Knights Islands Marine Reserve in north-eastern New Zealand over 4 decades

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 1496
Author(s):  
David R. Schiel ◽  
Tony Ayling ◽  
Michael J. Kingsford ◽  
Christopher N. Battershill ◽  
J. Howard Choat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reef Fish ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Marine Reserve ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Rocky Reef ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Reef Fish Species

Marine reserves exhibit increases in targeted fish species, but long-term effects on biodiversity are poorly understood. Factors other than reserve status may affect decadal changes, including environmental change. We examined the fish fauna at the iconic Poor Knights Islands over 4 decades (1974–2016) before and after implementation of a no-take marine reserve in 1998. We document a substantial increase in commercially and recreationally targeted Chrysophrys auratus, which was virtually absent before 1994 but by 2016 had reached up to 11 fish per 500m2 (220 per hectare). There were also large changes to the fish community, including the decline of subtropical and coastal wrasses, some species with no change and others that increased significantly. Many declines occurred >20 years before the arrival of abundant C. auratus, suggesting the changes do not represent a trophic cascade. Furthermore, this normally benthic-feeding fish has adopted a mid-water foraging behaviour targeting planktivorous fish. The increase in C. auratus appears to be linked both to reserve status and catch regulations in the wider region. Overall, the data point to long-term environmental fluctuations from the late 1970s having a negative effect on the abundance of more than half the reef fish species at these islands.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of In-Game Purchases and Event Game Mechanics on Young Mobile Social Game Players in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Shibuya ◽  
Mizuha Teramoto ◽  
Akiyo Shoun ◽  
Kumiko Akiyama
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Mobile Games ◽  
Monthly Expenditure ◽  
Game Mechanics ◽  
Pathological Gaming ◽  
Teenagers And Young Adults

Background. The mobile game market has been rapidly growing worldwide, especially in Japan. Because mobile games often use a free-to-play business model that involves additional in-game purchases, some monetary and event mechanics of mobile games have been controversial in Japan. Purpose. This study explored the long-term effects of monetary and event features of game mechanics on pathological gaming, weekly exposure and monthly expenditure among teenagers and young adults in Japan. Method. A total of 948 teenagers and young adults participated two surveys in November 2013 and in May 2014. Pathological gaming, weekly game exposure, monthly expenditure and preference for gambling were measured. The participants listed up to three games they played, and their monetary and event mechanics were analysed using content analysis. The degrees of exposure to each mechanics were calculated by combining the content analysis with a longitudinal study. Results. Players who were exposed to a higher amount of limited-time only gacha, a virtual lottery machine, were likely to spend more money six months later. However, players who were exposed to a lower amount of normal gacha were likely to spend more money later among players who preferred gambling. No monetary effects on pathological gaming per se were found. Conclusion. This study shows that some game mechanics can cause excessive use of time and money for certain players.

Sexuality in Adult Cancer Survivors: Challenges and Intervention

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (30) ◽  
pp. 3712-3719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon L. Bober ◽  
Veronica Sanchez Varela
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Sexual Problems ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Integrative Treatment Model

Sexual dysfunction is one of the most common and distressing consequences of cancer treatment. Although some treatment-related sexual adverse effects are short-term, many survivors face long-term effects such as treatment-induced menopause, altered gonadal function, and significant surgical disfigurement. Profound sexual dysfunction has been shown to have a significant negative effect on quality of life. Although these problems have been well documented and there are a range of intervention strategies that can help patients cope with treatment-related sexual problems, many survivors do not feel prepared for potential sexual changes and often do not receive adequate support to manage sexual dysfunction. Numerous barriers contribute to this underprovided aspect of survivorship care, including lack of provider training and access to readily available resources. In addition, psychological, relational, and cultural factors significantly influence sexuality but are often not taken into consideration in research and clinical practice. By taking an integrative approach and providing survivors with appropriate screening, information, and support, sexual dysfunction and accompanying distress can be significantly alleviated. In this article, we aim to provide a concise review of the most common sexual problems experienced by survivors and highlight some of the most promising evidence-based practices for assessment and intervention. We also address limitations encountered in research and practice and explore future directions, including suggestions for adopting an integrative treatment model to address sexual dysfunction in a cancer survivorship treatment setting.

Long-term effects of elastic taping on rounded shoulder correction and pectoralis minor length in male young adults

Physiotherapy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. e1589-e1590
Author(s):  
K. Vichaiwong ◽  
K. Thepamphan ◽  
J. Nupong ◽  
B. Srikittayawat ◽  
P. Issarayangyuen
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Pectoralis Minor
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