Henryk Hoffman Z Drohobycza do Ziemi Obiecanej

2002 ◽  
pp. 486-489
Author(s):  
Dora Kacnelson
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Recent History ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
History Of

This chapter discusses the second volume of the series Głosy przeżytych (Voices of the Survivors), which contains the memoirs of Henryk Hoffman. The publication of this memoir has enormous significance for the Jewish community of Drohobych and of the Lviv region. Hoffman’s book is viewed as a living and fascinating source for acquainting oneself with the recent history of the region in the inter-war period, under the so-called first and second Soviet occupations, and during the Holocaust. The author provides abundant testimony to the neighbourly, cooperative relations that existed between Jews and Poles in the spheres of economics, culture, and medicine. One example of such honesty, hard work, modesty, and goodness is the memoirist’s father, Eliasz Hoffman. There are still a dozen or so people living in Drohobych, Jews and Poles, who recall Dr Hoffman — as well as the equally helpful and self-sacrificing Polish doctors Kozłowski and Skulski — with gratitude.

scholarly journals The Holocaust in Lithuania: The Key Characteristics of Its History, and the Key Issues in Historiography and Cultural Memory

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-279
Author(s):  
Stanislovas Stasiulis
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
The West ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Holocaust Memory ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Considerable Impact

This article is part of the special cluster titled Conceptualizations of the Holocaust in Germany, Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine since the 1990s, guest edited by Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe. The Holocaust is the darkest page of Lithuanian history: Nearly the whole Jewish community in Lithuania was destroyed, while a part of ethnic Lithuanians participated in this destruction. This article discusses three layers and periods of the Holocaust in Lithuania that have made a considerable impact on the perception of this traumatic period in Lithuanian society. The first period deals with the Lithuanian–Jewish relations during the German occupation in Lithuania (1941–1944). The second one is related to the Soviet reoccupation of Lithuania and discussions among Lithuanian émigrés in the West (1944–1990), which shaped the history of the Holocaust in Lithuania from the ideological (Soviet) and defensive (Lithuanian émigré) perspectives. The final part of this article discusses the historiography and Holocaust memory in independent Lithuania after the 1990s. Almost thirty years of independence mark not only the re-creation of some old myths and stereotypes in Lithuania, but also new groundbreaking and open discussions in society, concerning the perception of this dark page of Lithuanian history.

A primer on constructed languages

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-26
Author(s):  
Nathan Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Language Revitalization ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Art Form ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
The Middle Ages

This chapter outlines the history of language construction, beginning with the earliest recorded examples of linguistic creativity and continuing with the first true constructed languages from the Middle Ages up through the Renaissance and Enlightenment, when language construction was guided largely by religious and philosophical concerns. The chapter continues by exploring more recent history, when language construction was guided more by practical goals to unite humanity. At the same time, language construction as an art form was also being developed, most notably by J. R. R. Tolkien, who set the stage for the modern era of artistic language construction requiring specialized knowledge, talent, and hard work. The chapter also discusses the emerging role of language construction as a tool for language revitalization and concludes with a summary of terms and concepts that are important to the study of constructed languages.

Deutsche und jüdische Ruinen der Erinnerung in Worms und Hamburg

Aschkenas ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Roemer
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
History Of ◽  
German Jewish ◽  
Memorial Sites ◽  
Second World ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractIn addition to being witnesses of a vanished past, ruins refer to the former building and tell the story of its destruction. Two ruins, which can also be described as memorial sites, can exemplify different strategies of dealing with these material remnants: the destroyed synagogue of Worms and the St Nikolai Church in Hamburg. The destroyed synagogue of Worms was rebuilt as a symbol of the history of the Jewish community prior to 1933 and as a memorial to the Holocaust. In contrast, the St Nikolai Church in Hamburg was left in ruins which constitute a memorial for the air raids as well as a reminder of the Nazi crimes. The following article will reflect on these different strategies and on the reactions and perceptions of the visitors. Furthermore it will try to reveal the different levels of meaning and the interconnectedness of the memories of the German-Jewish past, the Second World War and the Holocaust.

scholarly journals After the Holocaust: The History of Jewish Life in West Germany

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL L. MENG
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Jewish Life ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
East European ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
History Of

In July 1945, Rabbi Leo Baeck remarked that the Third Reich had destroyed the historical basis of German Jewry. ‘The history of Jews in Germany has found its end. It is impossible for it to come back. The chasm is too great’. Heinz Galinski, a survivor of Auschwitz who led West Berlin’s Jewish community until his death in 1992, could not have disagreed more strongly. ‘I have always held the view’, he observed, ‘that the Wannsee Conference cannot be the last word in the life of the Jewish community in Germany’. As these diverging views suggest, opting to live in the ‘land of the perpetrators’ represented both an unthinkable and a realistic choice. In the decade after the Holocaust, about 12,000 German-born Jews opted to remain in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and comprised about half of its Jewish community. Rooted in the German language and typically married to non-Jewish spouses, they still had some connections to Germany. xSuch cultural and personal ties did not exist for the other half of West Germany’s Jewish community – its East European Jews. Between 1945 and 1948, 230,000 Jews sought refuge in occupied Germany from the violent outbursts of antisemitism in eastern Europe. Although by 1949 only 15,000 East European Jews had taken permanent residence in the FRG, those who stayed behind profoundly impacted upon Jewish life. More religiously devout than their German-Jewish counterparts, they developed a rich cultural tradition located mostly in southern Germany. But their presence also complicated Jewish life. From the late nineteenth century, relations between German and East European Jews historically were tense and remained so in the early postwar years; the highly acculturated German Jews looked down upon their less assimilated, Yiddish-speaking brothers. In the first decade after the war, integrating these two groups emerged as one of the most pressing tasks for Jewish community leaders.

A History of the Jewish Community of Tállya and of Their Synagogue

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-179
Author(s):  
Júlia Csejdy
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
East European ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Composition I ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractIn the study I tried to reconstruct the history of the Jewish community of Tállya and their synagogue, for up to now neither the community, nor the art historically important Torah ark has received due attention. After the Holocaust very few survivors came back to Tállya – a settlement in Tokaj-Hegyalja, a region of north-eastern Hungary – and not a single member of the former Orthodox congregation lives there today. The community built their third place of worship in the mid-nineteenth century, pulled down in 1964. The reasons why I found it important to map the socio-cultural and religious environment in more detail are commemorative and research methodological. The Israelite community enjoyed autonomy in choosing their rabbi and arranging all other domestic matters, and consequently, their taste, religious orientation, acculturation influenced the shaping of their synagogue building, the style of its furnishing and ritual objects. For lack of congregational documents, many kinds of sources (e.g. newspaper articles, recollections, biographies of rabbis, municipal documents) had to be interpreted within the context offered by the historical elaborations of the age. It was indispensable to shed light on the system of relations between Hasidism of growing influence from the early nineteenth century and traditional Orthodoxy, particularly because the tendencies of secession also appeared in the Tállya community, and the iconography of the Torah ark of their synagogue is most closely related to the carved Torah arks of East European Hasidic communities (in Poland, Galicia, Moldavia, etc.). According to archival sources the community leaders of Tállya could assert their wish to have the woodcarver create symbolic motifs on the ark despite the rabbi’s disapproval. As the direct antecedent to the composition I identified the masonry Torah ark of Mád, but the inventive, singular style of the carvings bears no kinship with the mentioned prototypes or the altars in churches in the vicinity. At the end of the paper I sum up the events that led to the demolition of the synagogue and the perishing of its interior furniture, relying on documents in the Hungarian Jewish Museum and the Monument Documentation Centre.

scholarly journals Den Judiska Kvinnoklubben (JKK) och de judiska flyktingarna under 1930- och 1940-talen

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Thor Tureby
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Women's Movement ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
Jewish Women ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Women's Experiences ◽  
Jewish Refugees ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nazi Persecution

In a Swedish context, Jewish women’s experiences and actions have gone unrecorded and unrecognised; most narratives of Swedish Jewish history offer only a partial account of their past. Marginalised or ignored, or absorbed into universalised categories of ‘Jews’, ‘women’ or ‘survivors’, the experiences and histories of Jewish women are in general not represented in previous Swedish research on the history of the Jewish minority, the Swedish Jewish response to the Nazi terror and the Holocaust or the history of the women’s movement in general. Previous research on the Swedish Jewish response and assistance for the Jewish refugees and survivors of Nazi persecution has mainly dealt with the Jewish community in Stockholm and its relief committee, where the women were absent from leadership positions. The purpose of this study is to explore if and how the Jewish women’s club in Stockholm initiated or was involved in relief activities for and with the persecuted Jews of Europe. Specifically, this is investigated in the context of how the club was established and manifested in public by examining what questions the club raised and what activities it organised in the 1930s and 1940s.

scholarly journals A Theatre of History. Twelve Principles

2020 ◽  
pp. 177-188
Author(s):  
Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimblett ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Master Narrative ◽  
Narrative Strategy ◽  
Cooperation And Competition ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polish Jews

Opened in Warsaw in April 2013, POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews tells the story of the thousand years of continuous Jewish presence in this part of the world, a history largely overshadowed, understandably, by the Holocaust. While the exhibition avoids a master narrative, it enacts a theatre of history founded on 12 metahistorical principles. This essay sets out the curatorial, pedagogic, and performative storytelling strategies at work in this multimedia narrative exhibition. They include the following. The most important period in the history of Polish Jews is 1,000 years. Jews are integral part of the history of Poland: they are not only in Poland, but also of Poland. This is a story of coexistence and conflict, cooperation and competition, separation and integration. They created a civilization that is “categorically Jewish, distinctly Polish”. Polish Jews became the largest Jewish community in the world and a center of the Jewish world. To tell the story in the very place where it happened is to harness the emotional power of the site. The narrative strategy – driving the story through excerpts from primary sources exclusively from within a given historical period –is intended to pull back from avoid the teleological narrative to the Holocaust as an inevitability.

Physiologic Measures In Patients with PTSD with and Without A Recent History of Alcohol Abuse

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen Ahearn ◽  
Mary Mussey ◽  
Catherine Johnson ◽  
Amy Krohn ◽  
Timothy Juergens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Recent History ◽  
History Of
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