scholarly journals Utility of an interferon-gamma release assay as a potential diagnostic aid for active pulmonary tuberculosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Taki-Eddin ◽  
Fawza Monem
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Positive Predicted Value ◽  
Release Assay ◽  
Latent Tb ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Introduction: Sensitivity, specificity, early confirmation and obtaining an optimal specimen are challenging problems in active tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) is a good indicator for latent TB but can it be useful as a diagnostic tool for active TB? This study was designed to address these challenges and assess the potential of IGRA as a diagnostic indicator of active pulmonary TB by comparing it with other MT diagnostic conventional methods and molecular methods.Methodology: The study was conducted on 91 patients with suspicion of pulmonary active TB. QuantiFERON-TB-Gold In-Tube, a commercial IFN-gamma assay, was compared with Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) smear, Lowenstein Jensen's (LJ) egg-based culture, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The final clinical diagnosis was the standard comparator of the study.Results: Active pulmonary TB was confirmed in 48/91 (52.7%) patients. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predicted value (PPV), and negative predicted value (NPV) were 72.9%, 100%, 100%, 76.78% for ZN smear, 77.1%, 97.67%, 97.36%, 79.24% for LJ culture, 89.9%, 67.4%, 75.4%, 85.3% for IGRA, and 66.6%, 95.3%, 94.1%, 71.9% for real-time PCR, respectively.  Conclusion: Albeit confounding in the case of latent TB infected patients presenting with non-TB pulmonary disease, IGRA was more sensitive than the other conventional and molecular methods, so it may improve diagnostic accuracy when used in combination with other standard methods. High NPV of IGRA for the diagnosis of active TB proposed an additional role of this test to exclude the infection with active TB.

scholarly journals Interferon Gamma Release Assay After BCG Vaccination Among Newborns and Family Members Living in an Overcrowded Area in Jakarta, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Srioetami Tanoerahar ◽  
Indri Rooslamiati ◽  
Natalie Kipuw ◽  
Hadiyanto ◽  
Soegianto Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Release Assay ◽  
Latent Tb ◽  
Poor Area ◽  
Latent Tb Infection

Abstract IntroductionActive tuberculosis (TB) patient is a potential source of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission in an overcrowded and poor area. Family members living in the same house may have been infected or latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) may develop. The aim of the study was to explore LTBI among newborns and their family members living in an overcrowded area in Jakarta, Indonesia. MethodsA prospective analytical study was conducted among newborns from October 2016 to March 2017. Interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) was examined before BCG vaccination and after 12 weeks. In parallel, TB active case finding was performed among family members of the newborns.ResultsOf 135 newborns, only 117 (86.7%) came for BCG vaccination. Of 346 family members screened, 8 (2.3%) were detected as untreated active pulmonary TB, confirmed by positive sputum and/or MTB culture. Family members living in the same house with active TB individuals (p=0.011, OR 2.69) as well as being males (p = 0.025; OR 1.68) had a significant higher risk of having a positive IGRA. ConclusionsUntreated pulmonary TB infection in overcrowded areas infects the surrounding neighbors, resulting in latent TB infection. An active program for detecting pulmonary TB cases and preventive measures need to be taken seriously to contain the potential spreading of the infection.

scholarly journals Role of interferon gamma release assay in the diagnosis and management of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-associated uveitis: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000663
Author(s):  
Samra Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
M A Rehman Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Ocular Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assays ◽  
Infectious Uveitis ◽  
Release Assay

Tuberculosis (TB)-associated uveitis is a common cause of infectious uveitis in the developing world. Diagnosis of TB uveitis remains a challenge. The role of interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) is uncertain. Herein we summarise the available literature on the utility of IGRAs in the diagnosis and management of TB uveitis. We searched PubMed database from 1 August 2010 to 31 July 2020 using the following keywords alone and in combination: ‘interferon-gamma release assay’, ‘QuantiFERON’, ‘T-SPOT.TB’, ‘TB uveitis’, ‘serpiginous like choroiditis’, ‘tuberculoma’, ‘TB vasculitis’, ‘TB panuveitis’ and ‘ocular tuberculosis’. Data from 58 relevant studies were collated. The review is focused on currently marketed versions of IGRA tests: QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube assay, QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus assay (QFT-Plus) and T-SPOT.TB. We found limited evidence regarding the diagnostic utility of IGRA in patients with uveitis. No study was identified evaluating the newer QFT test—the QFT-Plus—in patients with uveitis. Similarly, there is lack of data directly comparing QFT-Plus with T-SPOT.TB specifically for the diagnosis of TB uveitis.

scholarly journals A Bayesian analysis of a Test and Vaccinate or Remove study to control bovine tuberculosis in badgers (Meles meles)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0246141
Author(s):  
Mark E. Arnold ◽  
Emily A. Courcier ◽  
Lesley A. Stringer ◽  
Carl M. McCormick ◽  
Ana V. Pascual-Linaza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Meles Meles ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Test Characteristics ◽  
Release Assay

A novel five year Test and Vaccinate or Remove (TVR) wildlife research intervention project in badgers (Meles meles) commenced in 2014 in a 100km2 area of Northern Ireland. It aimed to increase the evidence base around badgers and bovine TB and help create well-informed and evidence-based strategies to address the issue of cattle-to-cattle spread and spread between cattle and badgers. It involved real-time trap-side testing of captured badgers and vaccinating those that tested negative for bTB (BadgerBCG–BCG Danish 1331) and removal of those that tested bTB positive using the Dual-Path Platform VetTB test (DPP) for cervids (Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Medford, NY USA). Four diagnostic tests were utilised within the study interferon gamma release assay (IGRA), culture (clinical samples and post mortem), DPP using both whole blood and DPP using serum. BCG Sofia (SL222) was used in the final two years because of supply issues with BadgerBCG. Objectives for this study were to evaluate the performance of the DPP in field conditions and whether any trend was apparent in infection prevalence over the study period. A Bayesian latent class model of diagnostic test evaluation in the absence of a gold standard was applied to the data. Temporal variation in the sensitivity of DPP and interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) due to the impact of control measures was investigated using logistic regression and individual variability was assessed. Bayesian latent class analysis estimated DPP with serum to have a sensitivity of 0.58 (95% CrI: 0.40–0.76) and specificity of 0.97 (95% CrI: 0.95–0.98). The DPP with whole blood showed a higher sensitivity (0.69 (95% CrI: 0.48–0.88)) but similar specificity (0.98 (95% Crl: 0.96–0.99)). The change from BCG Danish to BCG Sofia significantly impacted on DPP serum test characteristics. In addition, there was weak evidence of increasing sensitivity of IGRA over time and differences in DPP test sensitivity between adults and cubs. An exponential decline model was an appropriate representation of the infection prevalence over the 5 years, with a starting prevalence of 14% (95% CrI: 0.10–0.20), and an annual reduction of 39.1% (95% CrI: 26.5–50.9). The resulting estimate of infection prevalence in year 5 of the study was 1.9% (95% CrI: 0.8–3.8). These results provide field evidence of a statistically significant reduction in badger TB prevalence supporting a TVR approach to badger intervention. They give confidence in the reliability and reproducibility in the DPP Whole Blood as a real time trap-side diagnostic test for badgers, and describe the effect of vaccination and reduced infection prevalence on test characteristics.

scholarly journals Discordance of Tuberculin Skin Test and Interferon Gamma Release Assay in Recently Exposed Household Contacts of Pulmonary TB Cases in Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e96564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ribeiro-Rodrigues ◽  
Soyeon Kim ◽  
Flávia Dias Coelho da Silva ◽  
Aleksandra Uzelac ◽  
Lauren Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuberculin Skin Test ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Release Assay
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