scholarly journals Expression of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase in Astrocytic Tumors (Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 911-923
Author(s):  
Abdul Hakeem Ibrahim Abdul Hakeem ◽  
Randa Said Taha Khaled ◽  
Mohamed Sherif Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Nervous System Development ◽  
World Health ◽  
Astrocytic Tumors ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma

BACKGROUND: Astrocytic tumors are the most common primary brain tumors. Glioblastoma is the most common astrocytic tumor representing the highest World Health Organization (WHO) grade (WHO grade IV) with poor prognosis and short survival time. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) has a role in embryonic central nervous system development. ALK receptor is thought to contribute to nervous system function, repair, and metabolic homeostasis and is expressed in high-grade tumors like anaplastic large cell lymphoma that makes it a potential target for therapeutic intervention. AIM: This work aimed to examine the immunohistochemical expression of ALK in astrocytic tumors and its correlation with age, sex, clinical presentation, location, laterality, recurrence, and WHO grade to implicate possible therapeutic potential. METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted on sixty cases of archived, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks that included different subtypes and grades of astrocytic tumors. Immunohistochemistry using ALK monoclonal antibody was performed using a standard avidin-biotin-peroxidase system. RESULTS: Of the sixty cases, 57 (95%) cases were negative for ALK, while three (5%) cases are positive for ALK; all showed the strong intensity of expression. No statistically significant association was found between ALK expression and astrocytic tumors in addition to other clinical variables of the studied tumors. CONCLUSIONS: Most cases of astrocytic tumors showed negative ALK expression apart from three positive cases seen in higher WHO grades, especially gliosarcoma. The high number of negative cases for ALK in our study group suggests that ALK expression is not associated with a prognostic significance toward astrocytic tumors whatever its grade.

PAX-5 Positivity in Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase–Negative Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indu Arun ◽  
Paromita Roy ◽  
Neeraj Arora ◽  
Saurabh Jayant Bhave ◽  
Reena Nair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
World Health ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Large Cell Lymphoma

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)–negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a subtype of T-cell lymphomas that may mimic several other malignancies morphologically. With the help of immunohistochemistry, most cases of ALCL can be diagnosed on the basis of expression of T-cell lineage associated antigens. However, aberrations in the expression of immunohistochemical markers pose diagnostic challenges. The morphological and immunophenotypic features of ALCL show considerable overlap with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL), which is a B-cell lymphoma. The 2008 World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues suggests that staining for the B-cell transcription factor, paired box 5 (PAX-5), is helpful in differentiating between them, as it is weakly positive in most CHL and should be negative in ALCL. We report a rare case of ALK-negative ALCL, which was positive for PAX-5 and CD15, mimicking CHL by immunohistochemistry, resulting in a diagnostic dilemma.

Primary Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase–Negative Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma of the Brain in a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-327
Author(s):  
Edward H. Rowsell ◽  
Nazila Zekry ◽  
Boleslaw H. Liwnicz ◽  
Jeffrey D. Cao ◽  
Qin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Large Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a unique diagnostic subcategory of the T-cell lymphomas in the current World Health Organization classification. Representing approximately 3% of adult and 10% to 30% of childhood non-Hodgkin lymphomas, anaplastic large cell lymphoma classically consists of CD30+ large lymphoid cells with abundant cytoplasm and pleomorphic, often horseshoe-shaped or kidney-shaped nuclei. Among the reported nodal and extranodal sites of occurrence, the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system have rarely been noted. We report a case of primary anaplastic lymphoma kinase–negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma in the brain of a 46-year-old patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. T-cell lineage was confirmed by T-cell receptor γ chain gene rearrangements using polymerase chain reaction, and extra copies of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene of chromosome 2 were demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. To our knowledge, primary anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the brain has not previously been reported in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

The Small Cell Variant of Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma

2010 ◽  
Vol 134 (11) ◽  
pp. 1706-1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Summers ◽  
Joel T. Moncur
Keyword(s):  
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Small Cell Variant ◽  
Large Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Cell Variant

Abstract Anaplastic large cell lymphomas constitute a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic neoplasms that are characterized by immunopositivity for CD30 and the presence, in varying degrees, of large, pleomorphic “hallmark” cells. Primary systemic anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphomas are a subset of this group. Numerous heterogeneous histomorphologic patterns have been described in anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphomas, and all patterns tend to have a better prognosis than that found in anaplastic lymphoma kinase-negative cases. We provide a short review of the small cell variant of anaplastic large cell lymphoma to facilitate the diagnosis of this difficult-to-recognize entity, which may be confused with reactive processes, commonly presents with disseminated disease, and pursues an aggressive clinical course.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document