scholarly journals Morphology and sexual dimorphism of living mature adults of Amphiduros fuscescens (Marenzeller, 1875) (Annelida, Hesionidae, Amphidurine), first reported for the Iberian Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Martin ◽  
Chiara Romano
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Single Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Body ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Nw Mediterranean ◽  
Cryptic Species Complex

To date, the genus Amphiduros (Annelida: Hesionidae: Amphidurine) is considered as monotypic. Its single species, Amphiduros fuscescens (Marenzeller, 1875), is well characterised by lacking proboscideal papillae and emerging acicular chaetae, as well as by having three antennae, eight pairs of tentacular cirri and inflated dorsal cirri with characteristic alternating length and colour (transparent, with median orange band and white tips) in live animals. Three specimens, one male and two females, were found below boulders at 5–7 m depth in Punta Santa Anna, Blanes and Cala Maset, Sant Feliu de Guixols (Catalan Sea, NW Mediterranean, Iberian Peninsula). Our finding allowed us to describe different, unreported morphological traits and lead us to support the existence of sexual dimorphism (in terms of colouring, cirri morphology and distribution of sexual products along the body). Despite A. fuscescens having been previously reported from the Atlantic and the Mediterranean (particularly in SE French coasts), the specimens from Blanes represent the first record of the species from the Iberian Peninsula. In addition, our molecular results strongly support that Amphiduros pacificus Hartman, 1961 from California (currently synonymised with A. fuscescens) requires to be re-described and reinstalled as a valid species. In turn, our morphological observations support suggesting all other non-Mediterranean reports of A. fuscescens, including the species still under synonymy (i.e. Amphidrornus izukai Hessle, 1925 and Amphidromus setosus Hessle, 1925) as likely being a cryptic species complex whose the taxonomic status requires further assessment.

A novel species Spinonema gracilispiculum sp. n. (Nematoda: Desmodoridae) from the oxygen minimum zone of Eastern Arabian Sea margin

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4869 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-598
Author(s):  
JINI JACOB ◽  
ANILKUMAR PADINJARE RAYAROTH ◽  
ABDUL JALEEL KOOVAPURATH USEPH ◽  
ROSAMMA PHILIP ◽  
RAYAROTH DAMODARAN
Keyword(s):  
Arabian Sea ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Oxygen Minimum Zone ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dorsal Spine ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Eastern Arabian Sea ◽  
Minimum Zone ◽  
Oxygen Minimum

A new species of marine free living nematode Spinonema gracilispiculum sp. n. is described from the oxygen minimum zone of the eastern Arabian Sea (216m) margin. This new nematode species was found exclusively in the station with sandy texture and dissolved oxygen level 0.35 ml/l and are represented by only few individuals from a single location, despite analysing 288 core samples from an extensive survey along the eastern Arabian Sea OMZ region covering from 06°57′19″N to 21°30′639″N. Spinonema gracilispiculum sp. n. differs from other known species of the genus in the body length, position of the dorsal spine, contour and span of lateral alae, size and shape of spicules, number of pre cloacal setae and sexual dimorphism in presence of dorsal spine and amphideal fovea shape. This is the first record of the genus Spinonema from the Indian Ocean. A pictorial and dichotomous keys to the species of Spinonema are also provided, supplemented with comparative morphometric details of all valid species based on published information. 

scholarly journals A redescription of deep-channel ghost knifefish, Sternarchogiton preto (Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae), with assignment to a new genus

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell J. Bernt ◽  
Aaron H. Fronk ◽  
Kory M. Evans ◽  
James S. Albert
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Deep Channel ◽  
Secondary Sexual Dimorphism

ABSTRACT From a study of morphological and molecular datasets we determine that a species originally described as Sternarchogiton preto does not form a monophyletic group with the other valid species of Sternarchogiton including the type species, S. nattereri. Previously-published phylogenetic analyses indicate that this species is sister to a diverse clade comprised of six described apteronotid genera. We therefore place it into a new genus diagnosed by the presence of three cranial fontanels, first and second infraorbital bones independent (not fused), the absence of an ascending process on the endopterygoid, and dark brown to black pigments over the body surface and fins membranes. We additionally provide a redescription of this enigmatic species with an emphasis on its osteology, and provide the first documentation of secondary sexual dimorphism in this species.

New loricariid fishes from headwaters on Serra da Mantiqueira and Complexo do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Loricariidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4586 (3) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSÉ C. DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
OSVALDO T. OYAKAWA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
First Record ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The Body ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Adipose Fin ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Cadeia Do Espinhaço

Three new species, of three different genera of loricariids, are described from the headwaters of Serra da Mantiqueira and Cadeia do Espinhaço, in Southeastern Minas Gerais State, Brazil. In this region, the Serra da Mantiqueira and the Complexo do Espinhaço are the highest points of the Brazilian Shield and delimits the headwaters of four drainages: São Francisco, Paraná, Doce and Paraíba do Sul basins. Harttia intermontana, n. sp., is described from the headwaters of the Rio Doce basin and is the first record of the genus in this basin. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by the pattern of abdominal covering, presence of preanal plates, presence and pattern of ornamentation of canal plate, and some characteristics related to sexual dimorphism. Pareiorhaphis togoroi, n. sp., is described from the headwaters of the Rio das Mortes basin, tributary to the Rio Grande, in the upper Rio Paraná drainage, and represents the first record of the genus to this drainage, thus expanding its geographic distribution. It can be distinguished from most congeners by the absence of preadipose azygous plates, and characteristics related to secondary sexual characters of mature males: presence of odontodes on the lateral margin of head plus the absence of long hypertrophied odontodes on pectoral-fin spine. Neoplecostomus pirangaensis, n. sp., is described from the headwaters of the Rio Piranga, Rio Doce basin. The new species differs from all congeners by the much-reduced dermal platelets on the abdomen, devoid of developed odontodes between the insertions of the pectoral and pelvic fins. Neoplecostomus pirangaensis can also be distinguished from all congeners, except N. botucatu and N. paranensis, due to the complete absence of vestiges of the adipose fin (vs. vestiges, or adipose fin moderate to well developed and always present). The new species differs from N. botucatu by the absence of conspicuous dark spots all over the body and the presence of common dorsal bands in juveniles, and almost totally black in adults. It differs from N. paranensis by the bigger and less numerous teeth. Additionally, the new species differs from Neoplecostomus doceensis by the absence of enlarged fleshy folds between dentaries, and absence of a lateronasal plate. 

scholarly journals Aporte al conocimiento del género Neda Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) en el departamento del Cusco, Perú

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-637
Author(s):  
Abdhiel Bustamante-Navarrete
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
River Valley ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Great Similarity ◽  
Genital Apparatus ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
The Town ◽  
Made In

The distribution of the genus Neda Mulsant in Peru is expanded with the record of three species in the southeastern department of Cusco: Neda patula Erichson, 1847, Neda aequatoriana Mulsant, 1853 (first record for the department), and Neda boliviana Weise, 1898, which confirms its presence in the country. The collections were made in the Apurimac River Valley, in an altitudinal range between 2700-3100 m, where in the town of Choquequirao the three species of the genus are present sharing the habitat. The great similarity in the genital apparatus of the three species, and of the rest of the Andean species of the genus, forces to support the identifications in the external morphology, of wide variability in most of the Neda species and raises the need to study if they are valid species or variations of a single species.

The genus Bolbonema Cobb, 1920 (Nematoda: Desmodoridae): emended diagnosis, key to males, and description of three new species from the continental shelf off northeastern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4420 (4) ◽  
pp. 551
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRE L. LARRAZÁBAL-FILHO ◽  
PATRÍCIA F. NERES ◽  
ANDRÉ M. ESTEVES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
First Record ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
The Body ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Emended Diagnosis

The marine nematode genus Bolbonema has three valid species, the most recent one described eight years ago. Characteristics of the genus include the well-defined globular cephalic capsule and the long and short somatic setae along the body. Three previously undescribed species of this genus were collected on the continental shelf of the Potiguar Basin in northeastern Brazil. Bolbonema braziliensis sp. n. has a relatively large cryptospiral fovea amphidialis, gubernaculum a bent rod dorsally oriented and two subventral precloacal setae inserted on two small papillae above the cloaca. Bolbonema papillae sp. n. has a large multispiral fovea amphidialis with three turns, arched spicules with the proximal region rounded, a laminar and well-developed gubernaculum enfolding the distal portion of the spicules, and two subventral precloacal papillae just above the cloaca. Bolbonema zildae sp. n. has a spiral fovea amphidialis, no supplements, arched spicules with a velum, and the gubernaculum with a dorsal apophysis. These three new species increase to six the number of taxa known in the genus. A dichotomous key based on males, an emended diagnosis of the genus, and the first record of Bolbonema brevicolle Cobb, 1920 from Brazil are provided. 

scholarly journals Is the matamata only one species? Morphological variation and color polymorphism in the South American turtle Chelus fimbriatus (Schneider, 1783) (Pleurodira: Chelidae)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaella C Garbin ◽  
Ulisses Caramaschi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Coloration Patterns ◽  
High Level ◽  
Osteological Characters

Background. Studies on the geographic variation of the matamata, Chelus fimbriatus, have previously demonstrated differences between carapace shape, plastral pigmentation and the ventral coloration of the neck between populations from the Amazon and Orinoco river basins, but did not discuss whether these populations should be considered different species. The aim of this study is to evaluate the taxonomic status of C. fimbriatus and to describe its intraspecific and ontogenetic variability and sexual dimorphism based on morphology and osteology. Methods. We analyzed 277 morphological characters and 138 osteological characters of the skull and shell of 82 matamatas from the four known populations (Amazon, Orinoco, Guyana and Tocantins) and performed the Population Aggregation Analysis (PAA) species delimitation test in searching for character states that are exclusive to and fixed between populations. The t Student test was also performed in order to observe sexual dimorphism. Results. Considerable overlap in character states between different populations prevents the recognition of these populations as independent species. Chelus fimbriatus has a high level of polymorphism, particularly among morphological and color pattern characters. Unlike what have been stated on previous studies, we recognise four different carapace shapes, of which the anteriorly larger oval shape is the most common one. Two coloration patterns can be found both for the plastron and the carapace that are strongly correlated with one another, but no such correlation was observed with geographic distribution. We furthermore recognise three states of neck coloration pattern. Ontogenetic variability was observed in the coloration of the carapace, plastron, and the underside of the neck, in that juveniles have a stronger pigmentation than adults. Sexual dimorphism was established for six morphometric variables of the shell and 20 variables of the skull. As expected, females are significant larger than males for all these variables, such as carapace, plastron and skull length. New osteological characters, such as the presence of a serrated medial process in the palatine and a pair of anterolateral tubercles in the basioccipital were observed. Discussion. This is the first study to confirm the presence of sexual dimorphism in C. fimbriatus using morphological and morphometric variables and to document infraspecific variation in detail. The possible presence of two subspecies has been discussed since the 19th century based on alleged geographic variation in coloration patterns. However, this hypothesis could not be confirmed in the context of this study and the matamata should therefore still be considered a single species with a wide distribution range.

scholarly journals Molecular Barcoding Reveal the Existence of Mole Crabs Emerita emeritus in North Coast of Central Java

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
Dian Bhagawati ◽  
Elly Tuti Winarni ◽  
Agus Nuryanto
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Single Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Local Alignment ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Molecular Barcoding ◽  
Central Java

The existence of mole crabs had been reported from the southern coast of Central Java. However, no mole crab data was available from the northern coast Central Java.  This study aimed to figure out the existence of mole crabs in the northern coast of Central Java as revealed from the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) barcoding. Mole crabs samples collected in Sendang Sikucing Beach Kendal. Taxonomic status of the samples was inferred from sequences similarity test using basic local alignment search tool to conspecific sequence deposited in GenBank. Pairwise genetic distances were calculated based on the Kimura 2-parameter model. A phylogenetic tree had reconstructed in molecular evolution genetic analysis (MEGA) software based on neighbor-joining algorithm. Branching reliability was obtained from 1000 bootstraps replication while branching polarity was obtained from the out-group comparison. The mole crab samples from the northern coast of Central Java had unambiguously identified as Emerita emeritus based on high sequences similarities (98.27%-99.70%), low genetic distances (0.002-0.005), and their monophyly with Emerita emeritus (KR047035) in GenBank. Pairwise analysis among each possibility pair of samples had genetic distances ranged between 0.000 and 0.005, indicated that all sample belong to single species. The data provide the first record of the existence of Emerita emeritus in the northern coast of Central Java. Our data on the existence of E. emeritus in the northern coast of Central Java is among essentials information as a scientific basis in creating policy for the management of sustainable use of the mole crabs in the areas.

scholarly journals First record of Poecilochirus mrciaki Mašán, 1999 (Acari, Parasitidae) and its phoretic carriers in the Iberian peninsula

Acarologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-252
Author(s):  
Marta I. Saloña Bordas ◽  
M. Alejandra Perotti
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Body ◽  
The South ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Pig Carcasses ◽  
First Time ◽  
South Of Europe

We report for the first time the presence of Poecilochirus mrciaki Mašán, 1999 in the South of Europe, in the Iberian peninsula and on new carrier insects. Mites were collected from carrion insects, during a decomposition experiment carried out in the natural park “Aiako Harria” (Errenteria, Gipuzkoa). Most deutonymphs were found on the body of the necrophagous beetle Necrodes littoralis (Coleoptera, Silphidae). Other species of insects in families Geotrupidae, Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) and Calliphoridae (Diptera) were also transporting mites. All carriers were colonising or visiting the pig carcasses. Sampling lasted 3 months in the summers 2009 and 2010. Most mites were sampled from bloat to advanced decay. This is also the first record of P. mrciaki phoretic on flies (Diptera).

scholarly journals Is the matamata only one species? Morphological variation and color polymorphism in the South American turtle Chelus fimbriatus (Schneider, 1783) (Pleurodira: Chelidae)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaella C Garbin ◽  
Ulisses Caramaschi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Coloration Patterns ◽  
High Level ◽  
Osteological Characters

Background. Studies on the geographic variation of the matamata, Chelus fimbriatus, have previously demonstrated differences between carapace shape, plastral pigmentation and the ventral coloration of the neck between populations from the Amazon and Orinoco river basins, but did not discuss whether these populations should be considered different species. The aim of this study is to evaluate the taxonomic status of C. fimbriatus and to describe its intraspecific and ontogenetic variability and sexual dimorphism based on morphology and osteology. Methods. We analyzed 277 morphological characters and 138 osteological characters of the skull and shell of 82 matamatas from the four known populations (Amazon, Orinoco, Guyana and Tocantins) and performed the Population Aggregation Analysis (PAA) species delimitation test in searching for character states that are exclusive to and fixed between populations. The t Student test was also performed in order to observe sexual dimorphism. Results. Considerable overlap in character states between different populations prevents the recognition of these populations as independent species. Chelus fimbriatus has a high level of polymorphism, particularly among morphological and color pattern characters. Unlike what have been stated on previous studies, we recognise four different carapace shapes, of which the anteriorly larger oval shape is the most common one. Two coloration patterns can be found both for the plastron and the carapace that are strongly correlated with one another, but no such correlation was observed with geographic distribution. We furthermore recognise three states of neck coloration pattern. Ontogenetic variability was observed in the coloration of the carapace, plastron, and the underside of the neck, in that juveniles have a stronger pigmentation than adults. Sexual dimorphism was established for six morphometric variables of the shell and 20 variables of the skull. As expected, females are significant larger than males for all these variables, such as carapace, plastron and skull length. New osteological characters, such as the presence of a serrated medial process in the palatine and a pair of anterolateral tubercles in the basioccipital were observed. Discussion. This is the first study to confirm the presence of sexual dimorphism in C. fimbriatus using morphological and morphometric variables and to document infraspecific variation in detail. The possible presence of two subspecies has been discussed since the 19th century based on alleged geographic variation in coloration patterns. However, this hypothesis could not be confirmed in the context of this study and the matamata should therefore still be considered a single species with a wide distribution range.

Serological characterization and confirmation of the taxonomic status of Montivipera albizona (Serpentes, Viperidae) with an additional new locality record and some phylogenetical comments

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayram Göçmen ◽  
Nursen Alpagut-Keskin ◽  
Mehmet Zülfü Yildiz ◽  
Ahmet Mermer ◽  
Hüseyin Arikan
Keyword(s):  
Young Male ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
First Record ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Locality Record ◽  
Male Specimen ◽  
Geographic Structure ◽  
Serological Characterization

AbstractThis is the first record of the presence of Montivipera albizona (Nilson, Andrén & Flärdh 1990), in Kahramanmaraş province, Mediterranean Region of Turkey. Here, one young male specimen was collected and is described. The present record of M. albizona extends its known distribution (Kulmac Mountain Range, Sivas) some 250 km to the south-west, where the Anatolian Diagonal exhibits a bifurcation. Our data based on the electropheoretic analysis of blood-sera, indicate that the M. xanthina populations from the western Anatolia and M. albizona distributed along the Anatolian Diagonal show significant differences, qualitatively and quantitatively. Accordingly, it is concluded that M. albizona should not be included within the polymorphic species M. xanthina which lives in western Anatolia and therefore, it should be accepted as a valid species. Moreover, the actual distributions of the related taxa in Anatolia and the geographic structure of the Anatolian Diagonal were discussed.

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