scholarly journals Integrating Taxonomic Names and Concepts from Paper and Digital Sources for a New Flora of Alaska

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Campbell Webb ◽  
Stefanie Ickert-Bond ◽  
Kimberly Cook
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Collection Management ◽  
Region Connection Calculus ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
Taxonomic Concept ◽  
Alignment Process ◽  
Data Tables ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
International Plant

The taxonomic foundation of a new regional flora or monograph is the reconciliation of pre-existing names and taxonomic concepts (i.e., variation in usage of those names). This reconciliation is traditionally done manually, but the availability of taxonomic resources online and of text manipulation software means that some of the work can now be automated, speeding up the development of new taxonomic products. As a contribution to developing a new Flora of Alaska (floraofalaska.org), we have digitized the main pre-existing flora (Hultén 1968) and combined it with key online taxonomic name sources (Panarctic Flora, Flora of North America, International Plant Names Index - IPNI, Tropicos, Kew’s World Checklist of Selected Plant Families), to build a canonical list of names anchored to external Globally Unique Identifiers (GUIDs) (e.g., IPNI URLs). We developed taxonomically-aware fuzzy-matching software (matchnames, Webb 2020) to identify cognates in different lists. The taxa for which there are variations between different sources in accepted names and synonyms are then flagged for review by taxonomic experts. However, even though names may be consistent across previous monographs and floras, the taxonomic concept (or circumscription) of a name may differ among authors, meaning that the way an accepted name in the flora is applied may be unfamiliar to the users of previous floras. We therefore have begun to manually align taxonomic concepts across five existing floras: Panarctic Flora, Flora of North America, Cody’s Flora of the Yukon (Cody 2000), Welsh’s Flora (Welsh 1974) and Hultén’s Flora (Hultén 1968), analysing usage and recording the Region Connection Calculus (RCC-5) relationships between taxonomic concepts common to each source. So far, we have mapped taxa in 13 genera, containing 557 taxonomic concepts and 482 taxonomic concept relationships. To facilitate this alignment process we developed software (tcm, Webb 2021) to record publications, names, taxonomic concepts and relationships, and to visualize the taxonomic concept relationships as graphs. These relationship graphs have proved to be accessible and valuable in discussing the frequently complex shifts in circumscription with the taxonomic experts who have reviewed the work. The taxonomic concept data are being integrated into the larger dataset to permit users of the new flora to instantly see both the chain of synonymy and concept map for any name. We have also worked with the developer of the Arctos Collection Management Solution (a database used for the majority of Alaskan collections) on new data tables for storage and display of taxonomic concept data. In this presentation, we will describe some of the ideas and workflows that may be of value to others working to connect across taxonomic resources.

scholarly journals Descriptions of four new species ofMinyomerusHorn, 1876 sec. Jansen & Franz, 2018 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), with notes on their distribution and phylogeny

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5633 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Andrew Jansen ◽  
Nico M. Franz
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Retention Index ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Region Connection Calculus ◽  
Taxonomic Concept ◽  
History Of

This contribution adopts the taxonomic concept approach, including the use oftaxonomic concept labels(name sec. [according to] source) and region connection calculus-5 (RCC–5) articulations and alignments. Prior to this study, the broad-nosed weevil genusMinyomerusHorn, 1876 sec. Jansen & Franz, 2015 (Curculionidae [non-focal]: Entiminae [non-focal]: Tanymecini [non-focal]) contained 17 species distributed throughout the desert and plains regions of North America. In this review ofMinyomerussec. Jansen & Franz, 2018, we describe the following four species as new to science:Minyomerus ampullaceussec. Jansen & Franz, 2018 (henceforth: [JF2018]), new species,Minyomerus franko[JF2018], new species,Minyomerus sculptilis[JF2018], new species, andMinyomerus tylotos[JF2018], new species. The four new species are added to, and integrated with, the preceding revision, and an updated key and phylogeny ofMinyomerus[JF2018] are presented. A cladistic analysis using 52 morphological characters of 26 terminal taxa (5/21 outgroup/ingroup) yielded a single most-parsimonious cladogram (Length = 99 steps, consistency index = 60, retention index = 80). The analysis reaffirms the monophyly ofMinyomerus[JF2018] with eight unreversed synapomorphies. The species-group placements, possible biogeographic origins, and natural history of the new species are discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Descriptions of four new species ofMinyomerusHorn, 1876 sec. Jansen & Franz, 2018 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), with notes on their distribution and phylogeny

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Andrew Jansen ◽  
Nico M. Franz
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Retention Index ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Region Connection Calculus ◽  
Taxonomic Concept ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACTThis contribution adopts the taxonomic concept approach, including the use oftaxonomic concept labels(name sec. [according to] source) and Region Connection Calculus (RCC-5) articulations and alignments. Prior to this study, the broad-nosed weevil genusMinyomerusHorn, 1876 sec. Jansen & Franz, 2015 (Curculionidae [non-focal]: Entiminae [non-focal]: Tanymecini [non-focal]) contained 17 species distributed throughout the desert and plains regions of North America. In this review ofMinyomerussec. Jansen & Franz, 2018, we describe the following four species as new to science:Minyomerus ampullaceussec. Jansen & Franz, 2018 (henceforth: [JF2018]),new species,Minyomerus franko[JF2018],new species,Minyomerus sculptilis[JF2018],new species, andMinyomerus tylotos[JF2018],new species. The four new species are added to, and integrated with, the preceding revision, and an updated key and phylogeny ofMinyomerus[JF2018] are presented. A cladistic analysis using 52 morphological characters of 26 terminal taxa (5/21 outgroup/ingroup) yielded a single most-parsimonious cladogram (Length = 99 steps, Consistency Index = 60, Retention Index = 80). The analysis reaffirms the monophyly ofMinyomerus[JF2018] with eight unreversed synapomorphies. The species-group placements, possible biogeographic origins, and natural history of the new species are discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Counting counts: revised estimates of numbers of accepted species of flowering plants, seed plants, vascular plants and land plants with a review of other recent estimates

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 272 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
EIMEAR NIC LUGHADHA ◽  
RAFAËL GOVAERTS ◽  
IRINA BELYAEVA ◽  
NICHOLAS BLACK ◽  
HEATHER LINDON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Land Plants ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Seed Plant ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
The World ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
International Plant

We present revised estimates of the numbers of accepted species of flowering plants (369,434), seed plants (370,492), vascular plants (383,671) and land plants (403,911) based on a recently de-duplicated version of the International Plant Names Index and rates of synonymy calculated from the seed plant families published in the World checklist of selected plant families. Alternative approaches to estimating or calculating the number of accepted plant species are discussed and differences between results are highlighted and interpreted.

Guidelines for assessing the provenance of Mesozoic and Cenozoic clastic successions sourced by pre-Jurassic basement complexes in southernmost North America

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelangelo Martini ◽  
Luigi Solari ◽  
Mariana Peña-Guerrero ◽  
Mildred Zepeda-MartÍnez ◽  
Chiara Montomoli
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
White Mica ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Provenance Analysis ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
The Face ◽  
Rank 2 ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Different Sources

ABSTRACT Mexico is an attractive place for provenance studies focused on reconstructing the tectonic evolution of North America. This is because Mexico hosts a well-preserved clastic record associated with some of the major Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonic processes that shaped the face of this continent. However, the available information on Mexican pre-Mesozoic source terranes is presently insufficient for provenance analysis. With the aim of drawing the guidelines for provenance determination, we present here detrital modes, geochemical data, and zircon U-Pb ages for detritus derived from pre-Jurassic basement complexes of Mexico. Our data show that the various basement complexes produce distinctive detrital modes and supply diagnostic and compositionally different detrital heavy minerals that represent powerful provenance tracers. The Oaxacan Complex, Ayú Complex, and East Mexico Arc are the main sources of quartzo-feldspathic and feldspatho-quartzose detritus. Quartz with rutile needles, mesoperthitic K-feldspar, orthopyroxene, augitic to diopsidic clinopyroxene, and Mg- to Ca-rich almandine (Alm71–52Grs7–3Prp43–23Sps3–1Alm74–56Grs21–19Prp23–2Sps5–2) are common minerals in detritus from the Oaxacan Complex. The Ayú Complex supplies detritus marked by the occurrence of sagenitic biotite and white mica, as well as Mn-rich almandine (Alm69–66Grs4–3Prp18–11Sps19–10). Detritus from the East Mexico Arc contains any of these mineral phases ubiquitous in the Oaxacan and Ayú complexes. The Acatlán Complex is the main source of detritus dominated by metamorphic lithic grains and quartz, with minor amounts of feldspar. Lithic grains are rank 2–4 metabasitic, metapelitic, and metapsammitic–metafelsitic fragments. Diagnostic mineral phases are schorl–dravitic tourmaline, Na-amphibole, and helycitic garnet varying from a Ca- to Mn-rich almandine (Alm74–55Grs34–15Prp16–3Sps12–1-Alm70–46Grs20–15Prp3–1Sps32–12). Zircon U-Pb geochronology proves to have some virtues but also major limitations because: 1) the zircon U-Pb age signature of many different sources in Mexico is similar and 2) zircon documents a limited number of sources because of variations in zircon fertility.

Plant names for the 21st century: the International Plant Names Index, a distributed data source of general accessibility

Taxon ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Croft ◽  
N. Cross ◽  
S. Hinchcliffe ◽  
E. Nic Lughadha ◽  
P. F. Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Plant Names ◽  
Data Source ◽  
International Plant

scholarly journals Poinsettia Thrips, Impatiens Thrips (suggested common names) Echinothrips americanus Morgan (Insecta: Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Babu Panthi ◽  
Oscar E. Liburd ◽  
Justin Renkema
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
Greenhouse Crops ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
Preferred Hosts

Echinothrips americanus Morgan is an important greenhouse foliage pest of vegetable and ornamental plants (Figure 1). This pest is polyphagous, reported from 48 plant families worldwide. The preferred hosts of Echinothrips americanus belong to the Araceae and Balsaminaceae plant families (CABI/EPPO 2014). This pest is native to eastern North America (Stannard 1968) and was first reported in 1984 on poinsettia, Euphorbia pulcherrima (Euphorbiaceae), in Georgia (Oetting 1987). Other important greenhouse crops damaged by this pest include Impatiens spp. (Balsaminaceae), gerbera, rose, sweet pepper, cucumber and eggplant (Vierbergen et al. 2006). On EDIS: https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1246 On Featured Creatures: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/ORN/THRIPS/Echinothrips_americanus.html

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