scholarly journals Descriptions of four new species ofMinyomerusHorn, 1876 sec. Jansen & Franz, 2018 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), with notes on their distribution and phylogeny

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5633 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Andrew Jansen ◽  
Nico M. Franz
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Retention Index ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Region Connection Calculus ◽  
Taxonomic Concept ◽  
History Of

This contribution adopts the taxonomic concept approach, including the use oftaxonomic concept labels(name sec. [according to] source) and region connection calculus-5 (RCC–5) articulations and alignments. Prior to this study, the broad-nosed weevil genusMinyomerusHorn, 1876 sec. Jansen & Franz, 2015 (Curculionidae [non-focal]: Entiminae [non-focal]: Tanymecini [non-focal]) contained 17 species distributed throughout the desert and plains regions of North America. In this review ofMinyomerussec. Jansen & Franz, 2018, we describe the following four species as new to science:Minyomerus ampullaceussec. Jansen & Franz, 2018 (henceforth: [JF2018]), new species,Minyomerus franko[JF2018], new species,Minyomerus sculptilis[JF2018], new species, andMinyomerus tylotos[JF2018], new species. The four new species are added to, and integrated with, the preceding revision, and an updated key and phylogeny ofMinyomerus[JF2018] are presented. A cladistic analysis using 52 morphological characters of 26 terminal taxa (5/21 outgroup/ingroup) yielded a single most-parsimonious cladogram (Length = 99 steps, consistency index = 60, retention index = 80). The analysis reaffirms the monophyly ofMinyomerus[JF2018] with eight unreversed synapomorphies. The species-group placements, possible biogeographic origins, and natural history of the new species are discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Descriptions of four new species ofMinyomerusHorn, 1876 sec. Jansen & Franz, 2018 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), with notes on their distribution and phylogeny

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Andrew Jansen ◽  
Nico M. Franz
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Retention Index ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Region Connection Calculus ◽  
Taxonomic Concept ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACTThis contribution adopts the taxonomic concept approach, including the use oftaxonomic concept labels(name sec. [according to] source) and Region Connection Calculus (RCC-5) articulations and alignments. Prior to this study, the broad-nosed weevil genusMinyomerusHorn, 1876 sec. Jansen & Franz, 2015 (Curculionidae [non-focal]: Entiminae [non-focal]: Tanymecini [non-focal]) contained 17 species distributed throughout the desert and plains regions of North America. In this review ofMinyomerussec. Jansen & Franz, 2018, we describe the following four species as new to science:Minyomerus ampullaceussec. Jansen & Franz, 2018 (henceforth: [JF2018]),new species,Minyomerus franko[JF2018],new species,Minyomerus sculptilis[JF2018],new species, andMinyomerus tylotos[JF2018],new species. The four new species are added to, and integrated with, the preceding revision, and an updated key and phylogeny ofMinyomerus[JF2018] are presented. A cladistic analysis using 52 morphological characters of 26 terminal taxa (5/21 outgroup/ingroup) yielded a single most-parsimonious cladogram (Length = 99 steps, Consistency Index = 60, Retention Index = 80). The analysis reaffirms the monophyly ofMinyomerus[JF2018] with eight unreversed synapomorphies. The species-group placements, possible biogeographic origins, and natural history of the new species are discussed in detail.

Systematics and natural history of Barronopsis (Araneae: Agelenidae), with description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2270 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAN CHRISTOPHER STOCKS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Group B ◽  
A New Species

The monophyletic agelenid genus Barronopsis Chamberlin & Ivie is revised to include 6 species. The Cuban species B. campephila Alayón and B. cesari Alayón are synonomized under B. barrowsi (Gertsch) and B. jeffersi (Muma), respectively, and B. stephaniae new species is described. Natural history observations, distribution maps, diagnoses and descriptions, and a species identification key including B. texana (Gertsch), B. arturoi Alayón, and B. floridensis (Muma) are provided. Detailed descriptions of the male palpus and female genitalia, a review and evaluation of historical terminology used to describe agelenid palpal bulbs, and a discussion of the utility of certain male palpal characters in resolving phylogeny within Agelenidae are provided. Based on the morphology of the male and female genitalia and morphometric data, two species groups are recognized: a large-bodied B. texana species group (B. texana, floridensis, arturoi, jeffersi) and a small-bodied B. barrowsi species group (B. barrowsi, B. stephaniae). A cladistic analysis of Barronopsis, using Tortolena glaucopis (F. O. P.-Cambridge), Melpomene singula (Gertsch & Ivie), and species of Agelenopsis Giebel as outgroups identified three most parsimonious trees of 37 steps. The strict consensus tree yielded the following species relationships: (Agelenopsis (((B. texana, B. jeffersi), B. floridensis, B. arturoi), (B. barrowsi, B. stephaniae))))).Key words: Agelenopsis, revision, taxonomy, phylogenetic analysis

A new species of Zoniopoda Stål (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Romaleidae) from Argentina and its phylogenetic position within the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2913 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTINA E. POCCO ◽  
GONZALO D. RUBIO ◽  
M. MARTA CIGLIANO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Species Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Median Carina ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the romaleid grasshopper genus Zoniopoda Stål (Romaleidae: Romaleini) is described and illustrated from the Sierras Chicas of Córdoba Province, central Argentina. A cladistic analysis based on morphological characters indicates that the genus Zoniopoda constitutes a monophyletic group and that Zoniopoda serrana n. sp. must be assigned to Iheringi species group based on synapomorphies of the pronotum and body color. The new species is similar to Z. similis Bruner from Paraguay, Bolivia and Brazil, from which it can be distinguished by the color pattern of the body, shape of the pronotal dorso-median carina and characters of the male terminalia and epiphallus. This paper has been formatted with embedded links to images of the type specimen, maps based on georeferenced specimen data for the genus and an updated key to the species of Zoniopoda available on the Orthoptera Species File (OSF) online (http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org).

Revision, phylogeny and natural history of Cotithene Voss (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1782 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICO M. FRANZ
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Host Shifts ◽  
History Of

Cotithene Voss, a previously monotypic genus of Neotropical derelomine flower weevils (Curculionidae: Derelomini), is revised, with provision of a key to the species, cladistic analysis and notes on its natural history. The following six new species are described: C. anaphalanta (Costa Rica), C. dicranopygia (Costa Rica), C. leptorhamphis (Costa Rica, Panama), C. melanoptera (Venezuela), C. stratiotricha (Costa Rica) and C. trigaea (Costa Rica). The monophyly of Cotithene is supported by the characters of a dorsomedially expanded, carinate rostrum, ventrally angulate head, long and anteriorly directed setation on the anterior margin of the prosternum and an apicodorsally expanded aedeagus with paired sclerites in the male, and subcontiguous to separated procoxal cavities in the female. Particularly the males of several species have intriguing and allometrically scaled modifications on the head (triangular projections, long setae) and pronotum (expansion, tumescences), which possibly play a role in male-to-male conflicts. Cotithene species are specialized to visit and reproduce on a narrow range of typically closely related species of Cyclanthaceae. The adults do not function as pollinators, and the herbivorous larvae develop in the fruiting organs of their hosts, frequently triggering the abortion of infructescences. An analysis of 12 taxa (5 outgroup, 7 ingroup) and 32 morphological characters yielded a single most parsimonious cladogram (L = 38, CI = 89, RI = 93) with the topology (C. dicranopygia, (C. stratiotricha, ((C. leptorhamphis, C. trigaea), (C. globulicollis Voss, (C. anaphalanta, C. melanoptera))))). The evolution of morphological traits and host shifts is examined in light of the proposed phylogeny.

scholarly journals Notes on some Glass Frogs (Anura: Centrolenidae) from Western Ecuador: Taxonomy, natural history and conservation status, with the description of a new species

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego F Cisneros-Heredia ◽  
Roy W. McDiarmid
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
History Of

Ecuador has the biggest number of amphibian species per unit of area in the world (425 species in 283,560 km2). In the last decade, conservative estimates indicate that at least 26 species of Ecuadorian amphibians have declined or gone extinct. The reasons for this crisis are not clear but have been related to habitat destruction, climate change, and/or diseases, such as chytridiomycosis. The Río Palenque Science Center (RPSC) was among the last remnants of tropical rainforest in the western lowlands of Ecuador. Twenty years ago, investigations done by R. McDiarmid, Ken Miyata and others lead to the discovery of an amazing herpetofauna, including several undescribed species. However, the expansion of the agricultural frontier and transformation of the forest remnants into oil palm and banana plantations destroyed this site. Among the species identified from RPSC were five species of glass frogs (family Centrolenidae): Centrolene prosoblepon, Cochranella spinosa, Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni, Hyalinobatrachium sp. (cf. valerioi), and an undescribed species of the genus Centrolene. This research analyzed the morphological characters and natural history of the five glass frogs of RPSC in order to describe the new species of Centrolene from RPSC, which seems to be critically endangered, if not extinct. The new species is characterized by a combination of the following characters: 1) distinctive coloration in life with dark flecks and yellow dorsolateral stripes on a green dorsum; 2) parietal peritoneum white, covering about ½ of the venter, pericardium white, liver and stomach without guanophores, large intestine with guanophores; 3) presence of exposed prepollical spines; 4) humeral spines in males; 5) unique glandular nuptial pad between fingers I and II; and 5) reddish iris.

Notes on the morphology, taxonomy, and natural history of the genus Platycerus Geoffroy from China, with the description of a new species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Lucanidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2087 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36
Author(s):  
HAO HUANG ◽  
CHANG-CHIN CHEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
History Of ◽  
Character Matrix ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Southern Shaanxi ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
A New Species

A checklist of the genus Platycerus Geoffroy is updated. A method for the observation of endophallus is introduced and used for the study of four species of Platycerus from China. The morphology of Chinese species of Platycerus is reviewed, and all the useful morphological characters are clarified. A character matrix is made to accumulate all the current information on morphology of Chinese species. Platycerus yingqii sp. nov. is described from the northern slope of Mount Taibaishan, southern Shaanxi, China. This new species is similar to Platycerus rugosus, but can be distinguished by male with a browner dorsal surface, remarkably shorter tarsi, lighter and redder ventrites, shorter gap between incisor teeth and mola, male genitalia with different endophallus, female with shorter metatarsi, and female genitalia with the inner apex of hemisternite not protruding beyond the outer apex. The morphological characters of the other three species from China are also studied. A key to the geographical species groups of Platycerus is presented. Keys to the Chinese species are provided for both males and females. Finally some natural history notes are given for some species of Platycerus from China.

Mecyclothorax palikea sp.n. from the Waianae Range, Oahu, and the biogeographical history of Hawaii's M. flavomarginatus species group (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Moriomorphini)

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
James K. Liebherr ◽  
Paul D. Krushelnycky
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
Areas Of Endemism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group Species

Abstract Mecyclothorax palikea, sp.n. is described from the vicinity of Palikea, southern Waianae Range, Oahu, HI, USA and is assigned to Britton's Mecyclothorax flavomarginatus species group. Cladistic analysis, based on 20 morphological characters and including several outgroup taxa, places Mecyclothorax impunctatus Liebherr of Molokai as adelphotaxon to the other eight species of the group, with subsequent speciation events successively isolating M. sharpi Britton of West Maui versus a clade of seven Oahu species. Phylogenetic relationships among the Oahu clade species posit three historical speciation events vicariating ancestors on the western Waianae and eastern Koolau Ranges. Mecyclothorax palikea is placed as adelphotaxon to M. carteri (Perkins), a species allopatrically distributed to the north in the Waianae, corroborating existence of southern and northern areas of endemism within the Waianae Range. Relative ages of the respective volcanoes housing M. flavomarginatus group species — Waianae (3.7 million years ago), Koolau (2.6 million years ago), Eastern Molokai (1.8 million years ago), West Maui (1.3 million years ago)—imply that ancestral occupation of Oahu by this group occurred subsequent to completion of the shield building phases of Oahu's two volcanoes, Waianae and Koolau. Diversification within the group on Oahu was associated with vicariance events that occurred within a terrestrial environment. Whereas all four species of the M. flavomarginatus group occupying Waianae Range habitats have been observed recently in nature, collection of M. flavomarginatus in 1906 represents the most recent record for any M. flavomarginatus group species in the Koolau Range, indicating the importance of conserving appropriate Waianae Range habitats in order to preserve representative biodiversity in this species group.

scholarly journals A century of waiting: description of a new Epictia Gray, 1845 (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae) based on specimens housed for more than 100 years in the collection of the Natural History Museum Vienna (NMW)

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Koch ◽  
Angele Martins ◽  
Silke Schweiger
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
History Museum ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new species of Epictia based on eight specimens from Nicaragua collected and housed in the collection of the Natural History Museum Vienna for more than a century. The species differs from the congeners by the combination of external morphological characters: midtail scale rows 10; supralabials two, anterior one large and in broad contact with supraocular; infralabials four; subcaudals 14–19; middorsal scale rows 250–267; supraocular scales present; frontal scale distinct; striped dorsal color pattern with more or less triangular dark blotches on each scale; small white blotch in anterior part of dorsal surface of rostral present in five out of six specimens (two further specimens are lacking their heads); terminal spine and adjacent scales white. Eidonomic species separation from other Epictia spp. is also supported by a few qualitative and quantitative differences in vertebrae count and morphology. The new species is putatively assigned to the Epictia phenops species group based on external morphological characters and distribution.

Cryptic species diversity and character congruence: review of the tribe Anthracini (Diptera : Bombyliidae) in Australia

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 977 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Yeates ◽  
Christine L. Lambkin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Wing Patterns ◽  
Species Groups

The Australian Anthracini are revised. In all, 28 new species are described, bringing the total fauna to 34 species. The previously described species of Anthrax Scopoli – A. maculatus Macquart, A. incomptus Walker, A. confluensisRoberts, A. lepidiotus Roberts and A. proconcisus Hardy – are diagnosed and the following eight new species of Anthrax are described: A. argentia, A. asciculus, A. clinatus, A. crenatus, A. dolabratus, A. funestus, A. opacus and A. torulus. This taxonomic study reveals a group of at least 20 cryptic species previously included in collections under the name Anthrax angularis Thomson. A new genus, Thraxan, is erected to contain this cryptic group of species and the following 20 new species are described: T. acutus, T. abditus, T. caligneus, T. cinctus, T. cornuatus, T. depressus, T. echinatus, T. ebenus, T. emicatus, T. hamulus, T. luteus, T. misatulus, T. nodus, T. norrisi, T. obstipus, T. patielus, T. planus, T. prolatus, T. simulatusand T. spiculus. Many of these cryptic species have been collected sympatrically, hill topping together in eastern Australia. A key is provided to the species of Anthrax and Thraxan, genitalia drawings are presented for most species and distribution maps of all species are presented. A cladistic analysis of the species of Anthrax and Thraxan is also presented. A total of 26 of the species is compared for 125 synapomorphies in 39 adult morphological characters. Three species-groups were found: Thraxan, and two species-groups within Anthrax, the A. proconcisus species-group and the A. maculatusspecies-group. Previous authors divided Anthrax into species-groups on the basis of wing patterns, but found that these species-groups were not confirmed when other characters were taken into consideration. We studied the congruence of seven different character sets within the clade comprising Anthrax and Thraxan – antennae, venation, wing patterns, vestiture, genitalia, male genitalia and female genitalia – using several incongruence indices. Significance of incongruence was measured using a randomisation procedure. Results of these studies indicate that the wing-pattern character set is significantly incongruent with the other morphological data. These quantitative cladistic results explain the difficulty previous authors experienced in finding suites of characters to support species-groups in Anthrax on the basis of wing patterns. A relationship is found between the level of incongruence and the distance over which mate-recognition signals operate.

Taxonomy and natural history of the myrmecophilous genus Clinterocera Motschulsky, 1858 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) from China and adjacent regions: revision of the C. jucunda species group

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4531 (3) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
HAO XU ◽  
JIAN-YUE QIU ◽  
GUO-HUA HUANG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Species Group ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Intraspecific Variations ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

The Clinterocera jucunda species group of the genus Clinterocera Motschulsky, 1858 is revised. Fourteen species are recognized within this group, including five new species described herein: C. brevifasciata Xu & Qiu, new species from northern Vietnam and China; C. krikkeni Xu & Qiu, new species from southwestern China; C. sinensis Xu & Qiu, new species from southern China; C. velutina Xu & Qiu, new species from Hainan, China; and C. vietnamensis Xu & Qiu, new species from central Vietnam and Laos. Clinterocera nigra (Kano, 1931) is elevated to the species level. Clinterocera donckieri (Bourgoin, 1924) revised status is revalidated from the synonymy with C. davidis (Fairmaire, 1878). Two new synonyms are proposed based on examination of types and additional specimens: C. humeralis (Moser, 1902) new synonym and C. cervenkai Krajčík, 2012 new synonym are placed as junior synonyms of C. jucunda (Westwood, 1873) and C. donckieri, respectively. Lectotypes are designated for C. davidis and C. humeralis. Diagnoses and colored illustrations of most species are provided, including other four rare species, C. bicolor (Nonfried, 1893), C. ishikawai (Kurosawa, 1973), C. raui (Paulian, 1961), and C. yunnana (Moser, 1911). A key and a detailed description for the species group are presented. Male genitalia, intraspecific variations, new distribution records, and natural history are given for most species. The relationship between Clinterocera and ants is discussed. 

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