scholarly journals Challenges of assessment and mapping of ecosystem services in Bulgarian (Rhodope) and Russian (Altai) mountain protected areas in the context of post-socialist transformations and new conservation paradigms

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-68
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Chernykh ◽  
Maria Glushkova ◽  
Dmitry K. Pershin ◽  
Miglena Zhiyanski ◽  
Alina E. Zinovieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Altai Mountains ◽  
Altai Mountain ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Forest Exploitation ◽  
Different Types

The overarching goal of this survey was to identify the challenges of ecosystem services assessment and mapping in Russian and Bulgarian mountain protected areas in the context of post-socialist transformations, new conservation paradigms and climate change. The Altai Mountains in Russia and the Rhodope Mountains in Bulgaria were selected as key mountain territories for comparison due to their similar characteristics: agriculture, forest exploitation, tourism activities, etc. Both in Bulgaria and in Russia, perceptions of the protected areas functioning have been changing, facilitated by global shifts. Thus, the concept of ecosystem services has now been actively introduced in nature and biodiversity conservation policies. Based on WDPA data the emergence of different types of protected areas in Russia and Bulgaria was determined. Key problems of assessment and mapping of ecosystem services in Russian and Bulgarian mountain protected areas were recognised, mainly related to the shortage and quality of baseline data. At the same time, there were also some specifics for the two countries due to their size and national legislation. Like many other mountainous regions in the world, the Rhodopes in Bulgaria and the Altai Mountains in Russia are flagships in the improvement of nature conservation strategies. These regions often participate in a variety of international conservation programmes and are constantly expanding the range of protected areas. It is generally accepted that the Altai Mountains and the Rhodopes are not only centres of biodiversity richness in their countries, but also hotspots of a variety of ecosystem services.

scholarly journals Perceptions and Social Values Regarding the Ecosystem Services of Beaches and Coastal Dunes in Yucatán, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3592
Author(s):  
Gabriela Mendoza-González ◽  
Arely Paredes-Chi ◽  
Dalia Méndez-Funes ◽  
María Giraldo ◽  
Edgar Torres-Irineo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Coastal Dunes ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

The ecosystem services (ESs) approach has been used as a powerful tool for the analysis of socio-ecological systems to investigate the relationship between society and the environment. The aim of this article is to analyze the social perceptions of stakeholders, forms of use (sociocultural and economic), and the conservation of beaches and coastal dunes in Yucatán, Mexico. Interviews were held with focus groups to analyze the forms of use, social perceptions of stakeholders, and the conservation of beaches and coastal dunes in Yucatán, Mexico. The results indicate that these ecosystems are important to different types of activities related to regulating, provisioning, and cultural services. However, degradation is identified as a consequence of contamination and land-use change. The main identified threats are natural phenomena, followed by the presence of garbage, human presence in natural environments, infrastructure construction, and privatization of beaches. The opinions (e.g., conservation, ecosystem services provision, drivers of change), emotions (e.g., joy, fear, sadness), and knowledge of the local community and tourists with respect to these ecosystems were evidenced. In general, there is an absence of conservation and sustainable management projects. However, community perceptions provide an opportunity to outline public conservation strategies in which the community, as a component of these socio-ecosystems, can be fully involved in their implementation.

scholarly journals PROTECTED AREAS AND NATURAL LANDSCAPES – AN ESSENTIAL FACTOR FOR SUSTANABLE DEVELOPMENT OF ECOTURISM IN MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elene Salukvadze
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Natural Form ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Natural Landscapes ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Near Future

Development of ecotourism requires providing conditions for creating reserves, national parks and other protected areas, which are the main objects of ecotourism of nowadays in Georgia. At present the country counts 90 different statuses of protected areas. Preserving them in their natural form and using their potential for ecotourism is of high significance nowadays. There is a tight relation between tourism and environment. Unaffected nature provides adequate quality of life for local tourists, whereas for foreign travelers it is an incentive to visit Georgia to see the natural monuments of the country. The paper shows the significance of protected areas in the development of ecotourism in Georgia on the example of two mountainous regions – Guria and Racha. The work considers a scientifically corroborated hypothesis that there is a great potential of transforming the first newly formed protected area in Guria – Pontine Oak Reserve and the high quality landscapes (mixed and dark-coniferous forests and sub-alpine meadows) on the territory of adjacent (4 km distance) resort Bakhmaro and its vicinities into national park in the future. The work shows that against the background of planned protected areas, there is a resource potential in Racha, which will enable to create a category of protected areas in the near future in the region. It, in its turn, will provide improvement of social-economic conditions of the region. For the fulfillment of the work we used the material of field expeditions and observations carried out in 2009-2016 in resort Bakhmaro and its vicinities and in 2019 in Racha.

scholarly journals What can conservation strategies learn from the ecosystem services approach? Insights from ecosystem assessments in two Spanish protected areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1575-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina García-Llorente ◽  
Paula A. Harrison ◽  
Pam Berry ◽  
Ignacio Palomo ◽  
Erik Gómez-Baggethun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Ecosystem Assessments

scholarly journals Ecosystem services-based SWOT analysis of protected areas for conservation strategies

2014 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 543-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Scolozzi ◽  
Uta Schirpke ◽  
Elisa Morri ◽  
Dalia D'Amato ◽  
Riccardo Santolini
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Conservation Strategies

scholarly journals A cartography of dispossession: assessing spatial reorganization in state-led conservation in Saadani, Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Orozco-Quintero ◽  
Leslie King
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
The State ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Spatial Control ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Spatial Reorganization ◽  
Conservation Organizations

Proclaimed as the "most important conservation success story", protected areas have become the preferred method among state signatories to the Convention on Biological Diversity for addressing conservation challenges. However, state-governed protected areas have been criticized for their failure to achieve ecological and social goals. Reaching a consensus on wildlife conservation strategies has not translated into widespread acceptance of state-governed protected areas by local communities. Critics debate whether the state is sincere and efficient when exerting spatial control. This article analyses state-based conservation in the Saadani landscape in Tanzania, exploring the nature of spatial reorganization and institutional approaches guiding the establishment of protected areas. Spatial reorganization and the actions of conservation organizations have led to the disenfranchisement of the very people whose efforts had enabled biodiversity to be conserved. This is despite an apparent shift in the nature of Tanzania's conservation policies towards more participatory approaches. Through detailing mechanisms used by the state for exerting spatial control in Saadani, we highlight how the approach has been counterproductive for satisfying the country's commitment to the Aichi framework on biodiversity targets and has undermined grassroots backing for conservation. In the context of strong support from the international conservation organizations for Tanzania's conservation efforts, this suggests the need for reassessing global conservation policies and identifying urgent measures and effective mechanisms to protect rights to territory and ancestral tenure in places targeted for conservation.Keywords: conservation, Convention on Biological Diversity, protected areas, spatial reorganization, actions of the state, Saadani, TANAPA, Tanzania. Uvinje 

Enumeration of Cryptosporidium oocysts from surface water concentrates by laser-scanning cytometry

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Zanelli ◽  
B. Compagnon ◽  
J. C. Joret ◽  
M. R. de Roubin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Immunomagnetic Separation ◽  
Entire Surface ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocysts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Laser Scanning Cytometry ◽  
Direct Microscopic Observation

The utilization of the ChemScan® RDI was tested for different types of water concentrates. Concentrates were prepared by cartridge filtration or flocculation, and analysed either without purification, or after Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) or flotation on percoll-sucrose gradients. Theenumeration of the oocysts was subsequently performed using the ChemScan® RDI Cryptosporidium application. Enumeration by direct microscopic observation of the entire surface of the membrane was carried out as a control, and recoveries were calculated as a ratio between the ChemScan® RDI result and the result obtained with direct microscopic enumeration. The Chemscan enumeration technique proved reliable, with recoveries yielding close to 100% in most cases (average 125%, range from 86 to 467%) for all the concentration/purification techniques tested. The quality of the antibodies was shown to be critical, with antibodies from some suppliers yielding recoveries a low as 10% in some cases. This difficulty could, however, be overcome by the utilization of the antibody provided by Chemunex. These data conclusively prove that laser scanning cytometry, which greatly facilitates the microscopic enumeration of Cryptosporidium oocysts from water samples and decreases the time of observation by four to six times, can be successfully applied to water concentrates prepared from a variety of concentration/purification techniques.

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