Soft Tissue Calcinosis Universalis Visualized with Novel 3-D Computed Tomography Cinematic Rendering

The study sought to assess whether the soft tissue facial profile measurements of direct Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and wrapped CBCT images of non-standardized facial photographs are accurate compared to the standardized digital photographs. In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients with an age range of 18–30 years, who were indicated for CBCT, were enrolled. Two facial photographs were taken per patient: standardized and random (non-standardized). The non-standardized ones were wrapped with the CBCT images. The most used soft tissue facial profile landmarks/parameters (linear and angular) were measured on direct soft tissue three-dimensional (3D) images and on the photographs wrapped over the 3D-CBCT images, and then compared to the standardized photographs. The reliability analysis was performed using concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) and depicted graphically using Bland–Altman plots. Most of the linear and angular measurements showed high reliability (0.91 to 0.998). Nevertheless, four soft tissue measurements were unreliable; namely, posterior gonial angle (0.085 and 0.11 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively), mandibular plane angle (0.006 and 0.0016 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively), posterior facial height (0.63 and 0.62 for wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively) and total soft tissue facial convexity (0.52 for both wrapped and direct CBCT soft tissue, respectively). The soft tissue facial profile measurements from either the direct 3D-CBCT images or the wrapped CBCT images of non-standardized frontal photographs were accurate, and can be used to analyze most of the soft tissue facial profile measurements.

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Error estimation on extracorporeal trajectory determination from body scans

International Journal of Legal Medicine ◽

10.1007/s00414-021-02676-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

F. Riva ◽

U. Buck ◽

K. Buße ◽

R. Hermsen ◽

E. J. A. T. Mattijssen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Supine Position ◽

Post Mortem ◽

Surface Scanning ◽

3D Data ◽

Gravitational Pull ◽

Scanned Images ◽

Source Of Error ◽

Trajectory Determination

AbstractThis study explores the magnitude of two sources of error that are introduced when extracorporeal bullet trajectories are based on post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) and/or surface scanning of a body. The first source of error is caused by an altered gravitational pull on soft tissue, which is introduced when a body is scanned in another position than it had when hit. The second source of error is introduced when scanned images are translated into a virtual representation of the victim’s body. To study the combined magnitude of these errors, virtual shooting trajectories with known vertical angles through five “victims” (live test persons) were simulated. The positions of the simulated wounds on the bodies were marked, with the victims in upright positions. Next, the victims were scanned in supine position, using 3D surface scanning, similar to a body’s position when scanned during a PMCT. Seven experts, used to working with 3D data, were asked to determine the bullet trajectories based on the virtual representations of the bodies. The errors between the known and determined trajectories were analysed and discussed. The results of this study give a feel for the magnitude of the introduced errors and can be used to reconstruct actual shooting incidents using PMCT data.

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Visualization Ability of Phase-Contrast Synchrotron-Based X-Ray Imaging Using an X-Ray Interferometer in Soft Tissue Tumors

Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment ◽

10.1177/15330338211010121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 153303382110101

Author(s):

Thet-Thet Lwin ◽

Akio Yoneyama ◽

Hiroko Maruyama ◽

Tohoru Takeda

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Spatial Resolution ◽

Phase Contrast ◽

Soft Tissue Tumors ◽

X Ray ◽

3 Dimensional ◽

Computed Tomography Images ◽

X Ray Imaging ◽

X Ray Computed

Phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray imaging using an X-ray interferometer provides high sensitivity and high spatial resolution, and it has the ability to depict the fine morphological structures of biological soft tissues, including tumors. In this study, we quantitatively compared phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray computed tomography images and images of histopathological hematoxylin-eosin-stained sections of spontaneously occurring rat testicular tumors that contained different types of cells. The absolute densities measured on the phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray computed tomography images correlated well with the densities of the nuclear chromatin in the histological images, thereby demonstrating the ability of phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray imaging using an X-ray interferometer to reliably identify the characteristics of cancer cells within solid soft tissue tumors. In addition, 3-dimensional synchrotron-based phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography enables screening for different structures within tumors, such as solid, cystic, and fibrous tissues, and blood clots, from any direction and with a spatial resolution down to 26 μm. Thus, phase-contrast synchrotron-based X-ray imaging using an X-ray interferometer shows potential for being useful in preclinical cancer research by providing the ability to depict the characteristics of tumor cells and by offering 3-dimensional information capabilities.

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Computed Tomography to Exclude Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection: Not Quite Ready for Prime Time?

Archives of Surgery ◽

10.1001/archsurg.2010.52 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 145 (5) ◽

pp. 455 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kimberly A. Davis

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Soft Tissue Infection ◽

Tissue Infection ◽

Prime Time ◽

Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection

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Granuloma Caused by Carbon Deposition in the Dermis

Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine ◽

10.1155/2014/686489 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-2

Author(s):

Rintaro Shibuya ◽

Yuichiro Endo ◽

Akihiro Fujisawa ◽

Miki Tanioka ◽

Yoshiki Miyachi

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Foreign Body ◽

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽

Foreign Body Reaction ◽

Carbon Deposition ◽

Case Reports ◽

Initial Injury ◽

Pencil Lead

Pencil core granuloma is characterized by a delayed foreign-body reaction against retained fragments of pencil lead. Previous case reports presented pencil core granuloma resembling malignant melanoma, haemangioma, or soft tissue sarcoma. We present a case of pencil core granuloma arising from the palm 25 years after the initial injury. The patient presented a bluish nodule that had been present over 25 years before. The nodule initially measured 5 mm in diameter. However, five years before presentation, it suddenly enlarged to the size of 30 mm during six months. Computed tomography (CT) of the lesion revealed a linear radiopaque structure of 8 mm long with a mass on its distal end. Surgical resection revealed a bluish muddy mass and pencil lead. Histological examination revealed degenerative tissue with calcification surrounded by massive amounts of black granular material in the middle and lower dermis.

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