scholarly journals Association of sinusitis and upper respiratory tract diseases with incident rheumatoid arthritis: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
pp. jrheum.210580
Author(s):  
Vanessa L. Kronzer ◽  
Weixing Huang ◽  
Alessandra Zaccardelli ◽  
Cynthia S. Crowson ◽  
John M. Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Respiratory Tract Diseases ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Disease ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Control Study

Objective We aimed to determine whether specific respiratory tract diseases are associated with increased rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk. Methods This case-control study within the Mass General Brigham Biobank matched newly diagnosed RA cases to three controls on age, sex, and electronic health record history. We identified RA using a validated algorithm and confirmed by medical record review. Respiratory tract disease exposure required one inpatient or two outpatient codes at least two years before index date of RA clinical diagnosis or matched date. Logistic regression models calculated odds ratios (OR) for RA with 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for confounders. We then stratified by serostatus ("seropositive" was positive rheumatoid factor and/or anti-citrullinated protein antibodies) and smoking. Results We identified 741 RA cases and 2,223 controls (both median age 55, 76% female). Acute sinusitis (OR 1.61, 95% CI:1.05,2.45), chronic sinusitis (OR 2.16, 95% CI:1.39,3.35), and asthma (OR 1.39, 95% CI:1.03,1.87) were associated with increased risk of RA. Acute respiratory tract disease burden during the pre-index exposure period was also associated with increased RA risk (OR 1.30 per 10 codes, 95% CI:1.08,1.55). Acute pharyngitis was associated with seronegative (OR 1.68, 95% CI:1.02,2.74) but not seropositive RA; chronic rhinitis/pharyngitis was associated with seropositive (OR 2.46, 95% CI:1.01,5.99) but not seronegative RA. Respiratory tract diseases tended towards higher associations in smokers, especially >10 packyears (OR 1.52, 95% CI:1.02,2.27; p=0.10 for interaction). Conclusion Acute/chronic sinusitis and pharyngitis and acute respiratory burden increased RA risk. The mucosal paradigm of RA pathogenesis may involve the upper respiratory tract.

Infectious causes for feline upper respiratory tract disease – a case–control study

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 783-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bodil Ström Holst ◽  
Sofia Hanås ◽  
Louise T. Berndtsson ◽  
Ingrid Hansson ◽  
Robert Söderlund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Disease ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Disease ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Control Study

Infections and respiratory tract disease as risk factors for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a population-based case–control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 1803-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Svensson ◽  
Marie Holmqvist ◽  
Ingrid E Lundberg ◽  
Elizabeth V Arkema
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Respiratory Tract Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Tract Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tract Disease ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Control Study

ObjectivesTo investigate the association between infection or respiratory tract disease and future risk of developing idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM).MethodsA case–control study was performed using Swedish nationwide registers. Adults with newly diagnosed IIM were identified (2002–2011) from the National Patient Register (NPR) and the Swedish Rheumatology Register (n=957). Controls were matched by age, sex and place of residence (n=9476). Outpatient visits and hospitalisations preceding IIM diagnosis indicating infection or respiratory disease were identified from NPR. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate OR and 95% CI. Sensitivity analyses were performed by varying the exposure definition, adjusting for previous healthcare consumption and excluding individuals with connective tissue disease, IIM lung phenotype or IIM-associated cancer.ResultsPreceding infections were more common in IIM cases compared with controls (13% vs 9%) and were associated with an increased risk of IIM (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.9). Gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections were associated with an increased risk of IIM while cutaneous infections were not.Preceding respiratory tract disease was present in 10% of IIM cases and 4% of controls (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.8 to 3.0). Both upper and lower respiratory tract diseases were associated with an increased risk of IIM.Variations in exposure and outcome definitions did not greatly affect the results.ConclusionsInfections and respiratory tract diseases are associated with an increased risk of IIM which suggests that the triggering of the immune system may take place outside the skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Associations of maternal upper respiratory tract infection/influenza during early pregnancy with congenital heart disease in offspring: evidence from a case-control study and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Q. Xia ◽  
K. N. Zhao ◽  
A. D. Zhao ◽  
J. Z. Zhu ◽  
H. F. Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Evidences regarding the associations between maternal upper respiratory tract infection/influenza during pregnancy and the risk of congenital heart disease (CHD) is still controversial. This study was specifically designed to examine the associations by a case-control study and a meta-analysis of the published evidences and our finding. Methods A hospital-based case-control study involving 262 children with simple CHD and 262 children with complex CHD, along with 262 control children, was conducted through June, 2016 to December, 2017. All children were aged 0–2 years old. Furthermore, a meta-analysis based on both previously published studies and our case-control study was performed. Results In the case-control study, after adjusting for possible confounders, maternal upper respiratory tract infection/influenza during early pregnancy was found to be related to an increased risk of CHD (OR = 3.40 and 95% CI: 2.05–5.62 for simple CHD; OR = 2.39 and 95% CI: 1.47–3.88 for complex CHD). After a meta-analysis, the adverse impact was still kept significant (OR = 1.47 and 95% CI: 1.28–1.67 for simple CHD; OR = 1.44 and 95% CI: 1.14–1.75 for complex CHD). The very similar associations were also observed among single type of CHD, herein, ventricular septal defects (VSD) and tetralogy of fallot (TOF) in the case-control study. In the subsequent meta-analysis, however, the significant association only existed in VSD. Conclusions Although there is still conflicting in TOF, the results are overall consistent, which provide new enforced evidence that maternal upper respiratory tract infection/influenza during early pregnancy, in general, play an important role in the occurrence of CHD.

scholarly journals Chronic rhinosinusitis is associated with prolonged SARS‐CoV2 RNA shedding in upper respiratory tract samples: A case‐control study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Recalde‐Zamacona ◽  
A Tomás‐Velázquez ◽  
A Campo ◽  
B Satrústegui‐Alzugaray ◽  
M Fernández‐Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Determinant of Pneumonia Among Children Aged 2-59 Months in Public Health Facilities in Worabe Town, Southern Ethiopia: Facility-Based Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roza kumdin Seramo ◽  
Shikur Mohammed Awol ◽  
Yasin Awol Wabe ◽  
Musa Mohammed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
History Of ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Introduction: Childhood pneumonia remains a major health problem in developing countries, including Ethiopia with significant morbidity and mortality. The determinants of pneumonia in children under –five years of age children are numerous and vary widely vary across the regions of the world. Taking the significance of the problem and variability of risk factors, a study is needed to identify the potential determinants of pneumonia in children under-five children years of age. Methods A facility-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among 435 children (145 cases and 290 controls) aged 2-59 months at public health facilities in Worabe town from December 28, 2016 to January 30, 2017. Data were collected with a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire, and entered into Epi info and transferred to SPSS version 22 for analysis. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression was employed with a 95% CI, and a p- value of < 0.05 was used as a determinant of pneumonia. Results Among the factors assessed in this study, stunting [AOR=3.6, 95% CI: 1.9-6.9], carrying the child on the back during cooking [AOR= 2.0, 95% CI: 1.2-3.2], absence of chimney in the cooking room [AOR= 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.7], having a history of asthma [AOR= 5.0, 95% CI: 2-12], and a previous upper respiratory tract infection [AOR= 3.7, 95% CI:2.3-6.1] were found to be determinants of pneumonia. Conclusions Children with stunting, a previous history of asthma, acute upper respiratory tract infection and carrying the child on back during cooking were at higher risk of pneumonia. Therefore, all health institutions should promote early treatment and provision of health education about the health risk of child exposure to biomass fuel smoke and early health-seeking for childhood illnesses.

Nosocomial Outbreak of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection With β-Lactamase-Negative Ampicillin-Resistant Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 652-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiko Miyahara ◽  
Motoi Suzuki ◽  
Konosuke Morimoto ◽  
Bin Chang ◽  
Sayaka Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Index Patient ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Care Ward ◽  
Control Study

OBJECTIVETo describe the epidemiologic features of an outbreak of an acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) caused by β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) in an acute-care ward.DESIGNCross-sectional case-control study.SETTINGAn acute-care ward (ward A) in a general hospital of Kochi in western Japan.METHODSPatients who shared a room with an index patient and all staff in ward A were screened and followed from July 1 to August 31, 2015. Sputum or throat swab samples were collected from participants and tested by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The association between detected pathogens and ARI development among all participants was examined. A case-control study was conducted to identify risk factors for disease.RESULTSIn total, 78 participants, including the index patient, were enrolled. Of all participants, 27 (34.6%) developed mild respiratory symptoms during a 3-week period: 24 were diagnosed as upper respiratory tract infections, and 3 were diagnosed as lower respiratory tract infections. The presence of BLNAR NTHi was confirmed in 13 participants, and multilocus sequence typing demonstrated that these isolates belonged to sequence type 159. All isolates showed identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. The presence of BLNAR NTHi was strongly associated with ARI development, whereas viruses were not associated with the disease. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that a history of contact with the index patient was independently associated with ARI caused by BLNAR NTHi.CONCLUSIONSBLNAR NTHi has the potential to cause upper respiratory tract infections among adults and to spread rapidly in hospital settings.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:652–659

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