Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale
Background/aim: The modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (m-YPAS) is widely used to measure children?s anxiety level. The aim of this study was to translate the Turkish version of the m-YPAS and test its validity and reliability based on Turkish children. Materials and methods: The English version of the m-YPAS was translated into Turkish using the forward-back-forward translation technique. This study enrolled 120 children. The m-YPAS was performed on 120 children who were recorded on video. The State- Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC) was used for only 30 of 120 children. The videotapes were evaluated by two experienced observers [an anesthesiologist, ObA(an) and psychologist, ObB(ps)]. The interrater reliability, concurrent validity, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were analyzed. Results: The mean age of children was 7.8 ± 2.2 years in the study. The weighted kappa values of the m-YPAS between observers were in `substantial? agreement (?w = 0.74-0.80) and `almost perfect? agreement (?w = 0.84 - 0.85). Also, Cronbach?s alpha values were high [? = 0.85 for ObA(an) and ? = 0.86 for ObB(ps)]. The correlation between m-YPAS and STAIC showed `good? agreement (P < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity were high, and the predictive value was 92.86%. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the m-YPAS can be performed as a reliable and valid observational questionnaire for Turkish children. Key words: Anxiety, Validation studies, Pediatrics.