Influence of Agro-ecologies, Traditional Storage Containers and Major Insect Pests on Stored Maize (Zea mays L.) in Selected Woredas of Jimma Zone

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 226-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dubale ◽  
S. Waktole ◽  
A. Solomon ◽  
B. Geremew ◽  
M.R. Sethu
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Jimma Zone ◽  
Storage Containers

scholarly journals Mycoflora of grain maize (Zea mays L.) stored in traditional storage containers (gombisa and sacks) in selected woredas of Jimma zone, Ethiopia

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (62) ◽  
pp. 8676-8694
Author(s):  
B Dubale ◽  
◽  
A Solomon ◽  
B Geremew ◽  
G Sethumadhava Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Jimma Zone ◽  
Storage Containers ◽  
Storage Structures

Mycoflora of maize (Zea mays L.) grain (Variety: Bako Hybrid-660) stored in two traditional storage containers (Gombisa and Sacks) for 180 days was studied for mycoflora in two agro-ecologies, that is Intermediate and Lowland, with altitude ranges of 1500-2500 meters above sea level, and 1000-1500 meters above sea level, respectively, in Jimma zone, Ethiopia. The temperature and relative humidity were observed for identifying fungi species which can flourish and cause maximum deterioration to maize grains. Significant (P<0.05) decreases in germination rate of the grains were observed with time under each storage method for both the low and intermediate altitude ranges. Germination percentage reduced from 98% and 97.5% to 68.5% and 80.5% for grains stored in Gombisa and Sacks, respectively. Storage type significantly (p<0.05) affected seed germination under intermediate agro-ecology whereas no significant (p>0.05) effect was observed under lowland agro-ecology due to storage container type. One sterile white mycelium and a total number of eight species of fungi viz., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus tereus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Drechslera halodes, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium chrysogenum were identified from maize grain at the beginning and during storage. The most common fungi recorded from both agroecologies in the two storage structures were A. flavus, A. niger, D. halodes and F.oxysporum. These fungi were recorded from 90, 51, 72 and 44 percentage of the seed samples, respectively. In the districts of both intermediate and lowland agro-ecology these fungi were consistently recorded throughout 180 days, during storage. A. fumigatus was detected in3.6% of samples while C. cladosporioides observed in 15% of the samples. Fungal species A. tereus and Penicillium were recorded in 0.5% of samples in selected districts of Jimma. These fungal species were known to cause deterioration of maize and are a health risk to humans and animals due to the toxins they potentially produce.

scholarly journals POPULATION DYNAMICS OF EUXESTA SPP. (DIPTERA: OTITIDAE) IN MAIZE (Zea Mays L.), WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) AND POLYCULTURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-321
Author(s):  
MARIANA BONIFÁCIO AMANCIO ◽  
IVAN CRUZ
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Maize Protein

In Brazil there is a great concern about the incidence of insect pests on reproductive organs of plants. In maize, there has been some species of Euxesta (Diptera: Otitidae) flies causing damage, especially in sweet maize. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of Euxesta spp. in maize, wheat and polyculture. For this, two experiments were carried out in a savanna area. The first was set in two potential hosts, the high protein white maize and the wheat, the second experiment was carried out in a polyculture system (maize, soybean, sorghum and cotton). The insects were captured weekly until the end of cultivation through McPhail traps with hydrolyzed maize protein randomly distributed in both fields..Two species, Euxesta eluta and Euxesta mazorca, were sampled. There was a greater collection of individuals in maize compared to wheat. Higher number of E. eluta was observed in soybean and cotton, followed by maize 1 and 2 and sorghum. The number of E. maize was found to be higher in the two kinds of maize, soybean, cotton and sorghum. The number of females was higher than males in both crops.

scholarly journals Transgene behavior in Zea mays L. crosses across different genetic backgrounds: Segregation patterns, cry1Ab transgene expression, insecticidal protein concentration and bioactivity against insect pests

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. e0238523
Author(s):  
André Felipe Lohn ◽  
Miluse Trtikova ◽  
Ignacio Chapela ◽  
Johnnie Van den Berg ◽  
Hannalene du Plessis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Transgene Expression ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insecticidal Protein

Influence de l'âge sur les caractéristiques photosynthétiques de la feuille de maïs, Zea mays L

Agronomie ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier BETHENOD ◽  
Christine JACOB ◽  
Jean-Claude RODE ◽  
Jean-François MOROT-GAUDRY
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L

PRODUKTIVITAS PUPUK ORGANIK TERHADAP HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L) DI TANAH MINERAL

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-326
Author(s):  
Yoyon Riono.
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L

Penelitian tentang pengaruh pemberian produktivitas pupuk organik terhadap hasil Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L) di tanah mineral penelitian ini di laksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai Mei, yang bertempat di Sungai Salak Kecsmstsn Tempuling Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Provinsi Riau. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang disusun secara faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor B adalah bokashi pupuk kandang yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu B0 (tanpa pemberianpupuk kandang), B1 (5 ton/ha) dan B2 (10 tom/ ha), serta B3 (15 ton/ha) Parameter yang di amati adalah tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan basah, berat berangkasan kering, berat tongkol pertanaman sampel, diameter tongkol , produksi per plot, dan berat 100 biji. Selanjutnya data yang di peroleh di olah secara statistik, apabila F hitung lebih besar dari F tabel di lanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Tukey HSD pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa interaksi bokashi pupuk kandang dan varietas berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat tongkol dan produksi dan produksi per plot, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan basah, berat brangkasan kering , diameter tongkol dan berat 1000 biji. Untuk perlakuan bokashi pupuk kandang secara tunggal berpengaruh nyata terhadap terhadap diameter tongkol , akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan basah, berat brangkasan kering, berat tongkol, produksi per plot, dan berat 1000 biji, perlakuan bokashi terbaik terdapat pada pemberian 15 ton/ha. Sedangkan perlakuan varietas secara tunggal berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat brangkasan basah, berat tongkol, dan produksi per plot seta berat 1000 biji, akan tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dengan tinggi tanaman, panjang daun ke tujuh, berat brangkasan kering, dan diameter tongkol. Varietass terbaik adalah NT 10

Relaciones genéticas en muestras de razas mexicanas de maíz (Zea mays L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Angel Barrera Guzman ◽  
Juan Porfirio Legaria Solano
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Palabras Clave

Objetivo: Caracterizar muestras representativas de razas mexicanas de maíz con marcadores moleculares ISSR, que ayuden a inferir relaciones genéticas vinculadas a su origen, morfología, aspectos ecogeográficos, distribución y usos. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Se emplearon 54 muestras representativas de razas mexicanas de maíz caracterizadas con diez marcadores moleculares ISSR. Las distancias genéticas se calcularon con el coeficiente Dice y se generó un dendrograma con el método de agrupamiento jerárquico de varianza mínima de Ward. Para visualizar las muestras en dos dimensiones se efectúo un Análisis de Coordenadas Principales con el método de varianza mínima estandarizada. Resultados: En 76 loci detectados, el análisis de agrupamiento con una R2 semiparcial de 0.04 formó cinco grupos que compartieron características filogenéticas, ecogeográficas, morfoagronómicas, de distribución y usos especiales. El análisis de coordenadas principales mostró 21.2 % de la variación total para las dos primeras coordenadas. La primera coordenada principal explicó el 12.43 % de la variación total y separó las muestras por ubicación geográfica y usos especiales; la segunda coordenada principal explicó el 8.77 % de la variación total y separó las muestras por rangos altitudinales y ciclo biológico. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: Se empleó únicamente una muestra representativa por cada raza de maíz, considerando la variabilidad genética de este cultivo se deben incluir más muestras de la misma raza. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Las relaciones genéticas entre las muestras de razas de maíz obedecen a patrones altitudinales y geográficos; aunque algunos agrupamientos compartieron aspectos filogenéticos, morfoagronómicos, de distribución y usos. Palabras clave: Variabilidad genética, recursos fitogenéticos, caracterización molecular, clasificación integral.

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