scholarly journals Germination and Physiological Traits to Ascertain the Ability of Hormonal Priming to Improve Salinity Tolerance in Sorghum bicolor

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalal Ahmed Said
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Hormonal Priming

Comparative physiological and transcriptomic analysis reveals salinity tolerance mechanisms in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

Planta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 254 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayan Ukwatta ◽  
Isaiah Catalino M. Pabuayon ◽  
Jungjae Park ◽  
Junping Chen ◽  
Xiaoqiang Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Transcriptomic Analysis ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Association of SSR markers and morpho-physiological traits associated with salinity tolerance in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

Euphytica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 205 (3) ◽  
pp. 785-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Abbasi ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Majidi ◽  
Ahmad Arzani ◽  
Abazar Rajabi ◽  
Parisa Mashayekhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Physiological Traits

scholarly journals Genome-wide selection scans integrated with association mapping reveal mechanisms of physiological adaptation across a salinity gradient in killifish

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reid S. Brennan ◽  
Timothy M. Healy ◽  
Heather J. Bryant ◽  
Man Van La ◽  
Patricia M. Schulte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Hypoxia Tolerance ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Adaptive Divergence ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Freshwater Environments

AbstractAdaptive divergence between marine and freshwater environments is important in generating phyletic diversity within fishes, but the genetic basis of adaptation to freshwater habitats remains poorly understood. Available approaches to detect adaptive loci include genome scans for selection, but these can be difficult to interpret because of incomplete knowledge of the connection between genotype and phenotype. In contrast, genome wide association studies (GWAS) are powerful tools for linking genotype to phenotype, but offer limited insight into the evolutionary forces shaping variation. Here, we combine GWAS and selection scans to identify loci important in the adaptation of complex physiological traits to freshwater environments. We focused on freshwater (FW)-native and brackish water (BW)-native populations of the Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) as well as a population that is a natural admixture of these two populations. We measured phenotypes for multiple physiological traits that differ between populations and that may contribute to adaptation across osmotic niches (salinity tolerance, hypoxia tolerance, metabolic rate, and body shape) and used a reduced representation approach for genome-wide genotyping. Our results show patterns of population divergence in physiological capabilities that are consistent with local adaptation. Selection scans between BW-native and FW-native populations identified genomic regions that presumably aect fitness between BW and FW environments, while GWAS revealed loci that contribute to variation for each physiological trait. There was substantial overlap in the genomic regions putatively under selection and loci associated with the measured physiological traits, suggesting that these phenotypes are important for adaptive divergence between BW and FW environments. Our analysis also implicates candidate genes likely involved in physiological capabilities, some of which validate a priori hypotheses. Together, these data provide insight into the mechanisms that enable diversification of fishes across osmotic boundaries.Author SummaryIdentifying the genes that underlie adaptation is important for understanding the evolutionary process, but this is technically challenging. We bring multiple lines of evidence to bear for identifying genes that underlie adaptive divergence. Specifically, we integrate genotype-phenotype association mapping with genome-wide scans for signatures of natural selection to reveal genes that underlie phenotypic variation and that are adaptive in populations of killifish that are diverging between marine and freshwater environments. Because adaptation is likely manifest in multiple physiological traits, we focus on hypoxia tolerance, salinity tolerance, and metabolic rate; traits that are divergent between marine and freshwater populations. We show that each of these phenotypes is evolving by natural selection between environments; genetic variants that contribute to variation in these physiological traits tend to be evolving by natural selection between marine and freshwater populations. Furthermore, one of our top candidate genes provides a mechanistic explanation for previous hypotheses that suggest the adaptive importance of cellular tight junctions. Together, these data demonstrate a powerful approach to identify genes involved in adaptation and help to reveal the mechanisms enabling transitions of fishes across osmotic boundaries.

Qualitative and quantitative variation in the mechanisms of salinity tolerance determined by multivariate assessment of diverse rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rashed Hossain ◽  
Jeremy Pritchard ◽  
Brian V. Ford-Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Ion Balance ◽  
Wide Range

Climate change-induced events are causing salinization of many rice-growing areas, requiring the identification of new sources of genetic variation for salt tolerance in plant genetic resources since commonly grown cultivars are sensitive to salt. To identify the level of salt tolerance across a wide range of genotypes, we used a multivariate screening method using multiple growth and physiological traits simultaneously. For this purpose, four indica, two japonica and two wild rice genotypes were grown hydroponically under 40 and 80 mM NaCl stresses; fourteen different growth, qualitative and physiological traits, e.g. plant height, biomass, root and shoot elongation rates, and tissue ion accumulation, were recorded. In general, indica varieties performed better than both japonica and wild species. Our approach identified the existence of qualitatively different mechanisms of salt tolerance across the genotypes. For example, Pokkali, a salt-tolerant indica variety, displayed both ‘Na exclusion’ and ‘ion balance’ mechanisms, whereas PSBRc50 and IR58 showed only ‘Na exclusion’, and the Japonica genotypes Banikat and Nipponbare showed only ‘ion balance’. The results demonstrated that the tolerance is dependent on the level of stress and that this varies between genotypes; Nipponbare is moderately tolerant to 40 mM NaCl but not to 80 mM. We also suggest that the use of multivariate analyses can simplify the complex salinity tolerance picture and can effectively reveal the salinity tolerant genotype from a wide range of germplasm. The results reported here identify different physiological mechanism of tolerance across the genotypes and provide a sound basis for future studies examining their underlying molecular mechanisms.

scholarly journals Identification of QTLs for Morph-Physiological Traits Related to Salinity Tolerance at Seedling Stage in Indica Rice

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 389-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arshad Javed ◽  
Fahrul Zaman Huyop ◽  
Alina Wagiran ◽  
Faeza Mohd Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Physiological Traits

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of local sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes of East Java, Indonesia for agro-morphological and physiological traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulistyawati Sulistyawati ◽  
DYAH ROESWITAWATI ◽  
JABAL TARIK IBRAHIM ◽  
MAFTUCHAH
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Morphological And Physiological Traits ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Physiological Characters

Abstract. Sulistyawati, Roeswitawati D, Ibrahim JT, Maftuchah. 2019. Genetic diversity of local sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes of East Java, Indonesia for agro-morphological and physiological traits. Biodiversitas 20: 2503-2510. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) has great potential to be cultivated because it has extensive adaptability, tolerant to drought and puddles, can produce on marginal land and relatively resistant to pests and diseases. To meet the food requirement, sorghum can be grown in Indonesia as an alternative food source other than rice. This study aims to obtain information on the agro-morphological and physiological characters of nine local sorghum genotypes in East Java, Indonesia so that they can be used as parents in improving the nature of varieties. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Block Design, using nine local sorghum genotypes from East Java in three replications. The nine local sorghum genotypes are Sb.Pas, Sb.Lmg 1, Sb.Lmg 2, Sb.Tbn, Sb.Spg 1, Sb.Spg 2, Sb.Tag 1, Sb.Tag 2 and Sb.Jbg. The result showed that nine genotypes that are characterized have a variety of morphological (quantitative and qualitative), agronomic and physiological characters. According to the whole characters observed, there are five genotypes that are recommended for breeding programs, namely Sb.Lmg 1, Sb.Tbn, Sb.Spg 2, Sb.Tag1 and sb.Tag2. This can be proved by the morphological character, genotype Sb.Lmg 1, Sb.Tbn, Sb.Spg 2, Sb.Tag 1 and Sb.Tag2 have a high value of Agronomy character, genotype Sb.Tbn, Sb.Tag 1 and Sb.Tag 2 noted highest production acres-1 harvest age of genjah and medium; the Physiology character, high protein and carbohydrate substances reached by the Sb.Lmg 1 genotype, Sb.Tbn and Sb.Spg 2.

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