Cognitive Orientation to (Daily) Occupational Performance: Changes in Strategy and Session Time Use over the Course of Intervention

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Rodger ◽  
Silvia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Strategy ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Session Time ◽  
Cognitive Orientation ◽  
Computer Based

Cognitive Orientation to (daily) Occupational Performance (CO-OP) is a cognitive intervention that was developed to assist children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) enhance their motor performance in everyday activities. Using a computer-based analysis of 10 videotaped treatment sessions for each of four boys with DCD who were 6 to 9 years of age, this study investigated changes in cognitive strategy use and session time use over the course of intervention. Cognitive strategy use focused on the child's use of global and domain-specific strategies during intervention. Session time use referred to the duration of Talking About Task (describing the task or plans that will be executed), Practicing Task (actually doing the task or activity), and Dual Tasking (both talking and doing) coded during video segments observations. Trends in strategy and session time use over 10 sessions appeared to be child- and goal-specific, with few systematic patterns observed. This article discusses the use of specific strategies over time both within and across the four participants. Individual results were varied and highlight the unique child—task—environment interactions that occur during intervention, reinforcing the individualized and client-centered focus of the CO-OP.

CO-OP for Children with DCD: Goals Addressed and Strategies Used

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-286
Author(s):  
Sara P. Schwartz ◽  
Sarah R. K. Northrup ◽  
Sara Izadi-Najafabadi ◽  
Jill G. Zwicker
Keyword(s):  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Domain Specific

Introduction. Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts motor coordination and interferes with participation in everyday activities. Cognitive Orientation to Occupational Performance (CO-OP) is a client-centered treatment approach that focuses on skill acquisition through cognitive strategy use. Objectives. To determine which types of goals a sample of children with DCD choose most frequently and which domain-specific strategies were most commonly used to address these goals. Methods. Retrospective chart review of 50 children (8–12 years) with DCD who completed CO-OP intervention was conducted to identify goal types and strategy use. Results. Leisure was the most common goal type. Supplementing task knowledge, body position, and task modification were the most frequently used strategies. Conclusions. Results confirm the types of goals that are commonly selected by children with DCD and highlight commonly used strategies used to meet these goals. Findings will help guide occupational therapists in selecting appropriate strategies to meet children’s goals.

Cognitive Strategy Generation in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire A. Sangster ◽  
Claire Beninger ◽  
Helene J. Polatajko ◽  
Angela Mandich
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Strategy ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Quality Of Movement ◽  
Performance Problems ◽  
Coordination Disorder ◽  
The Impact

Background. Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a condition of impaired quality of movement and occupational performance. It has been hypothesized that the difficulties experienced by children with DCD may in part be due to an impaired ability to use cognitive strategies to solve occupational performance problems. Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) is a verbally-based approach to helping children remediate this difficulty. The current pilot study investigated the use of cognitive strategies in children with DCD to determine whether cognitive strategy use is improved by CO-OP. Methods. Observations of video-recorded sessions of 18 school-aged children were scored for frequency and type of cognitive strategies used. Results. Differences within and between groups revealed changes in the types and frequency of cognitive strategies. Clinical Implications. The results of the present study support the use of a cognitively-based approach such as CO-OP in assisting children with DCD in developing cognitive strategies when solving occupational performance problems. However, further research using a larger sample is necessary to fully explore the impact of CO-OP on the strategy use of children with DCD.

scholarly journals Efficacy of the Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance in Indian Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 6473-6477
Author(s):  
Ganapathy Sankar U ◽  
Monisha R
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Performance Quality ◽  
Cognitive Orientation ◽  
Academic Activities ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
And Performance

Participation restriction in sports and academic activities, which results from difficulties in performing all the activities of daily living in children with DCD. We aim to analyze the effects of cognitive orientation on occupational performance using COOP approach and to examine the transfer skills exhibited by children with DCD. Pre and post test design is adapted in the current study. Total of 8 girls aged 5-10 years were included in the study. Children participated in 12 COOP sessions at least twice a week and a trial session is delivered to all the children participated in the study, in order to gain orientation towards the protocol adapted in the study. COOP measure and performance quality rating scale were used as a outcome measure and in the perspectives of the evaluator all the children had attained a statistically and clinically significant improvement and 5 girls were able to transfer the learnt skill in many tasks which is new. This study adds evidence that COOP approach can be implemented in all the pediatric therapy centers in India.

scholarly journals Impaired awareness of deficits and cognitive strategy use in occupational performance of persons with acquired brain injury (ABI)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-115
Author(s):  
Sabine van Erp ◽  
Esther Steultjens
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Strategy ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Strategy Training ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Impaired Awareness ◽  
Assessment Results

Purpose This study aims to explore the difference in cognitive strategy use during observed occupational performance between and within different levels of impaired awareness of deficits of individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI). Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study (N = 24) of individuals with ABI receiving rehabilitation and with the capacity to demonstrate goal-directed behaviour (Allen cognitive level screen score = 4.0) was undertaken. Cognitive strategy use during occupational performance of daily activities (measured with the perceive, recall, plan and perform [PRPP]) was evaluated between and within different awareness levels (awareness levels measured by the self-regulation skill interview). Statistical analyses, using independent t-test, Mann Whitney U test, ANOVA and Friedman test, were executed. Findings Significant differences were shown for both strengths and weaknesses in cognitive strategy use between emergent (n = 13) and anticipatory awareness (n = 11) groups on PRPP items “perceive”, “sensing” and “mapping”; and “searches”, “recall steps”, “identify obstacles”, “calibrates”, “stops”, “continues” and “persists”. Within emergent awareness group, participants scored lowest related to “perceive”, “plan”, “sensing”, “mapping”, “programming” and “evaluating”. Within anticipatory awareness group, participants scored lowest related to “plan”, “programming” and “evaluating”. Practical implications This study showed differences in cognitive strategy application during task performance in individuals with emergent or anticipatory awareness deficits that fit with theoretical expectations. It is recommended to make use of the PRPP assessment results (strengths and weaknesses in cognitive strategy application) to support the level of awareness determination. The PRPP assessment results and the level of awareness tailor the clinical reasoning process for personalised intervention planning and cognitive strategy training. Originality/value Because impaired awareness has so much impact on the course and outcome of rehabilitation (Rotenberg-Shpigelman et al., 2014), in clinical practice, it is of paramount importance to be aware of the level of awareness of the client (Smeets et al., 2017) and the effect on occupational performance.

scholarly journals Brain functional connectivity in children with developmental coordination disorder following rehabilitation intervention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Izadi-Najafabadi ◽  
Shie Rinat ◽  
Jill G. Zwicker
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
List Type ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Attention Regulation ◽  
Rehabilitation Intervention ◽  
Cognitive Orientation ◽  
Brain Changes ◽  
Coordination Disorder

Abstract Background Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) show improved motor function after Cognitive Orientation to Occupational Performance (CO-OP) intervention; however, the neural basis for these improvements is unknown. Methods In this randomized waitlist-controlled trial, 78 children with DCD (with/without ADHD) were randomly assigned to either a treatment or waitlist group and underwent three resting-state MRI scans over six months. The treatment group received intervention between the first and second scan; the waitlist group received intervention between the second and third scan. Results After CO-OP intervention, children with DCD [13 male, 8 female; mean (SD) age: 10.0 (1.7) years] showed increased functional connectivity between the default mode network and right anterior cingulate gyrus (p < 0.01). Additional gains were noted at follow-up three months after the intervention, with greater functional connectivity between the dorsal attention network and precentral gyrus (p < 0.02). However, children with DCD + ADHD [18 male, 1 female; mean (SD) age: 10.0 (1.14) years] did not show brain changes following CO-OP. Conclusion For children with DCD, increased functional connectivity in networks associated with self-, emotion-, and attention-regulation may underlie motor skill improvements observed after CO-OP intervention. Modifications to the CO-OP protocol may be required to induce similar brain changes in children with DCD + ADHD. Impact This study provides neuroscientific evidence for the Cognitive Orientation to Occupational Performance (CO-OP) approach as an effective rehabilitation intervention to induce brain and behavioral changes in children with DCD. While children with DCD ± ADHD showed improved motor function after CO-OP, only children with DCD showed brain changes after intervention. Children with DCD showed increased functional connectivity in networks associated with self-, emotion-, and attention-regulation after the intervention. Treatment modifications may be required to induce similar brain changes in children with DCD + ADHD. Pediatricians are encouraged to refer children with DCD  with and without ADHD for CO-OP intervention to improve their motor skills.

Self-Regulation as a Mediator in Motor Learning: The Effect of the Cognitive Orientation to Occupational Performance Approach on Children With DCD

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Sangster Jokić ◽  
Helene Polatajko ◽  
David Whitebread
Keyword(s):  
Motor Performance ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Observational Coding ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Cognitive Orientation ◽  
Coding Method ◽  
Coordination Disorder ◽  
Experience Difficulty

Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) experience difficulty performing everyday motor tasks. It is has been suggested that children with DCD have fewer self-regulatory (SR) skills with which to acquire motor skills. This article presents the results of an exploratory study examining the development of SR competence among ten 7–9-year-old children with DCD participating in the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) program (Polatajko & Mandich, 2004). Using a quantitative observational coding method, children’s SR behavior was examined and compared across intervention sessions. Results indicate that children demonstrating improved motor performance similarly demonstrated more independent and effective SR behaviors. In contrast, children whose motor performance remained relatively stable failed to demonstrate such a change. These findings suggest that CO-OP enables SR performance among children with motor performance difficulties and, as a result, facilitates improved task performance.

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