Crystal structure of compositionally homogeneous, nanocrystalline ZrO2–CeO2 solutions was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction as a function of temperature for compositions between 50 and 65 mol % CeO2. ZrO2-50 and 60 mol % CeO2 solid solutions, which exhibit the t′-form of the tetragonal phase at room temperature, transform into the cubic phase in two steps: t′-to-t″ followed by t″-to-cubic. But the ZrO2-65 mol % CeO2, which exhibits the t″-form, transforms directly to the cubic phase. The results suggest that t′-to-t″ transition is of first order, but t″-to-cubic seems to be of second order.
Transmission in situ and operando high temperature X-ray powder diffraction in variable gaseous environments