Replacing Grasslands with Pine Plantations on the Karkloof Plateau: The Edge Effects on Downslope Forest Understorey Birds

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Malan
Keyword(s):  
Edge Effects ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Forest Understorey

Applications of Photoelectron Microscopy

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 506-507
Author(s):  
William J. Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Edge Effects ◽  
Electron Optics ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Crystalline Orientation ◽  
Fluorescent Screen

In this form of electron microscopy, photoelectrons emitted from a metal by ultraviolet radiation are accelerated and imaged onto a fluorescent screen by conventional electron optics. image contrast is determined by spatial variations in the intensity of the photoemission. The dominant source of contrast is due to changes in the photoelectric work function, between surfaces of different crystalline orientation, or different chemical composition. Topographical variations produce a relatively weak contrast due to shadowing and edge effects.Since the photoelectrons originate from the surface layers (e.g. ∼5-10 nm for metals), photoelectron microscopy is surface sensitive. Thus to see the microstructure of a metal the thin layer (∼3 nm) of surface oxide must be removed, either by ion bombardment or by thermal decomposition in the vacuum of the microscope.

Pine Plantations: Study Suggests Ecological Value

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
Roger D. Applegate
Keyword(s):  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Ecological Value

Growth and Yield Predictions for Thinned and Unthinned Slash Pine Plantations on Cutover Sites in the West Gulf Region

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley J. Zarnoch ◽  
Donald P. Feduccia ◽  
V. Clark Baldwin ◽  
Tommy R. Dell
Keyword(s):  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
The West

Harvester Productivity for Row Thinning Loblolly Pine Plantations

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Granskog ◽  
Walter C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations

An Integrated Approach Toward Reducing Losses from Fusiform Rust in Merchantable Slash and Loblolly Pine Plantations

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger P. Belanger ◽  
Thomas Miller ◽  
Stanley J. Zarnoch ◽  
Stephen W. Fraedrich ◽  
John F. Godbee
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Fusiform Rust
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