3) Catholicism and the Middle Ages during the Second Vatican Council. From neo-modernism to neo-intransigency

Two years ago we briefly announced the discovery of a new document of great interest for the history of the Fourth Lateran Council. Written in Spring 1216 as a letter from Rome, presumably by a German, it was copied by a thirteenth-century scribe into a manuscript now at the Universitäts-bibliothek of Giessen, where it follows directly after the constitutiones of the council. With its detailed and vivid description of the three plenary sessions and of many events that took place in between, the anonymous report adds considerably to the information we possess from other sources. But although other portions of the Giessen codex have been known and used by many scholars ever since the eighteenth century, this text has been overlooked to the present day. It is a happy coincidence that we are able to present this eyewitness account of the greatest of the ecumenical councils of the Middle Ages while the Second Vatican Council is in session.

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The evolution of the doctrine of the infallibility of the Pope in the Catholic beliefs. "An historical contract study"

Journal of Social Sciences (COES&RJ-JSS) ◽

10.25255/jss.2020.9.1.185.201 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 185

Author(s):

Ahmed Abd Al Awaisheh ◽

Hala Ghassan Al Hussein

Keyword(s):

Middle Ages ◽

Catholic Church ◽

Second Vatican Council ◽

Historical Events ◽

Vatican Council ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact ◽

Modern Era ◽

Shed Light ◽

The Middle Ages

This study examines the history of the development of the doctrine of infallibility of the Pope (Bishop of Rome) in the Catholic Church, from the Middle Ages to its adoption as a dogmatic constitution, to shed light on the impact of the course of historical events on the crystallization of this doctrine and the conceptual structure upon which it was based. The study concluded that the doctrine of infallibility of the Pope was based on the concept of the Peter theory, and it went through several stages, the most prominent of which was the period of turbulence in the Middle Ages, and criticism in the modern era, and a series of historical events in the nineteenth century contributed to the siege of the papal seat, which prompted Pius The ninth to endorsing the doctrine of infallibility of the Pope to confront these criticisms in the first Vatican Council in 1870 AD, by defining the concept of infallibility in the context of faith education and ethics, and this decision was emphasized in the Second Vatican Council in 1964 AD, but in more detail.

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Istotne cele małżeństwa katolickiego

Ius Matrimoniale ◽

10.21697/im.2019.30.3.05 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 111-124

Author(s):

Tomasz Smoliński

Keyword(s):

Middle Ages ◽

Canon Law ◽

Second Vatican Council ◽

Code Of Canon Law ◽

Vatican Council ◽

Ancient Times ◽

The Church ◽

Current Code ◽

The Middle Ages

Contemporary church legislation indicates two basic purposes of marriage: the good of the spouses and the birth of offspring. Today’s doctrine is based on the teaching of philosophers, theologians and doctors of the Church. In this work, considerations have been made regarding the important purposes of marriage, taking into account the views of scholars from ancient times, through the Middle Ages, to the Code of Canon Law of 1917, the Second Vatican Council and finally, the current Code of Canon Law of 1983.

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Gereja Persekutuan Umat Allah

Media (Jurnal Filsafat dan Teologi) ◽

10.53396/media.v1i1.6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 49-64

Author(s):

Novry Dien

Keyword(s):

Middle Ages ◽

Catholic Church ◽

Active Role ◽

Historical Background ◽

Second Vatican Council ◽

People Of God ◽

Small Communities ◽

Vatican Council ◽

The Church

This essay deals with the idea of the church as the people of God according to Lumen Gentium, a Second Vatican Council’s document on the Catholic Church. The author tries to explore and understand the historical background of this idea and its development. This idea can be traced in the patristic time when the church was still limited to some small communities in which the leadership of the church was more charismatic. As the Church grew bigger and needed to be organized, the role of the hierarchy was clearly emphasized and enjoyed its almost absolute privilege during the Middle Ages. The Church restored its initial understanding in the Second Vatican Council which opened the windows for active role of the lay persons in the life of the church, working together with the hierarchy to present salvation to the world. This essay also tries to explore some problem regarding this idea which arose in ecclesiological discourse after the Second Vatican Council.

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Sacred Trees, Mystic Caves, Holy Wells: Devotional Titles in Spanish Rural Sanctuaries

Religions ◽

10.3390/rel12030183 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 183

Author(s):

Jaime Tatay

Keyword(s):

Middle Ages ◽

Popular Religion ◽

Second Vatican Council ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Mass Migration ◽

Sacred Natural Sites ◽

Vatican Council ◽

Celestial Bodies ◽

Biocultural Heritage ◽

The Rich

This paper explores how local, lived religion has creatively linked spiritual insights and popular devotions in ecologically valuable settings helping generate and preserve the rich Spanish biocultural heritage. Focusing on a selection of Sacred Natural Sites (SNS), mostly Marian sanctuaries, it shows that local “geopiety” and religious creativity have generated “devotional titles” related to vegetation types, geomorphological features, water, and celestial bodies. It also argues that, despite mass migration to urban centers, the questioning of “popular religion” after the Second Vatican Council, and the rapid secularization of Spanish society over the past fifty years, a set of distinctive rituals and public expressions of faith—some of them dating back to the Middle Ages—have remained alive or even thrived in certain rural sanctuaries. These vernacular devotions, however, do not necessarily announce the advent of the postsecular. Finally, it suggests that Protected Area (PA) managers, regional governments, custodians, anthropologists, tourism scholars, and theologians should work together in order to analyze, interpret, and help solve the management challenges highly popular SNS face.

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