TRENDS AND CHALLENGES OF CARTILAGE TISSUE ENGINEERING

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsu-Wei Fang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cartilage Tissue

Cartilage injuries may be caused by trauma, biomechanical imbalance, or degenerative changes of joint. Unfortunately, cartilage has limited capability to spontaneous repair once damaged and may lead to progressive damage and degeneration. Cartilage tissue-engineering techniques have emerged as the potential clinical strategies. An ideal tissue-engineering approach to cartilage repair should offer good integration into both the host cartilage and the subchondral bone. Cells, scaffolds, and growth factors make up the tissue engineering triad. One of the major challenges for cartilage tissue engineering is cell source and cell numbers. Due to the limitations of proliferation for mature chondrocytes, current studies have alternated to use stem cells as a potential source. In the recent years, a lot of novel biomaterials has been continuously developed and investigated in various in vitro and in vivo studies for cartilage tissue engineering. Moreover, stimulatory factors such as bioactive molecules have been explored to induce or enhance cartilage formation. Growth factors and other additives could be added into culture media in vitro, transferred into cells, or incorporated into scaffolds for in vivo delivery to promote cellular differentiation and tissue regeneration.Based on the current development of cartilage tissue engineering, there exist challenges to overcome. How to manipulate the interactions between cells, scaffold, and signals to achieve the moderation of implanted composite differentiate into moderate stem cells to differentiate into hyaline cartilage to perform the optimum physiological and biomechanical functions without negative side effects remains the target to pursue.

scholarly journals Cartilage Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Three-Dimensional Silica Nonwoven Fabrics

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shohei Ishikawa ◽  
Kazutoshi Iijima ◽  
Kohei Sasaki ◽  
Mineo Hashizume ◽  
Masaaki Kawabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chondrogenic Differentiation ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics

In cartilage tissue engineering, three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds provide native extracellular matrix (ECM) environments that induce tissue ingrowth and ECM deposition for in vitro and in vivo tissue regeneration. In this report, we investigated 3D silica nonwoven fabrics (Cellbed®) as a scaffold for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cartilage tissue engineering applications. The unique, highly porous microstructure of 3D silica fabrics allows for immediate cell infiltration for tissue repair and orientation of cell–cell interaction. It is expected that the morphological similarity of silica fibers to that of fibrillar ECM contributes to the functionalization of cells. Human bone marrow-derived MSCs were cultured in 3D silica fabrics, and chondrogenic differentiation was induced by culture in chondrogenic differentiation medium. The characteristics of chondrogenic differentiation including cellular growth, ECM deposition of glycosaminoglycan and collagen, and gene expression were evaluated. Because of the highly interconnected network structure, stiffness, and permeability of the 3D silica fabrics, the level of chondrogenesis observed in MSCs seeded within was comparable to that observed in MSCs maintained on atelocollagen gels, which are widely used to study the chondrogenesis of MSCs in vitro and in vivo. These results indicated that 3D silica nonwoven fabrics are a promising scaffold for the regeneration of articular cartilage defects using MSCs, showing the particular importance of high elasticity.

scholarly journals CARTILAGE TISSUE ENGINEERING

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIH-HUNG CHANG ◽  
FENG-HUEI LIN ◽  
TZONG-FU KUO ◽  
HWA-CHANG LIU
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Engineered Cartilage

Tissue engineering is a new approach for articular cartilage repair. The aim of the present article was to review the current status of cartilage tissue engineering researches. The scaffold materials used for cartilage tissue engineering, the in vitro, in vivo studies and the clinical trials were all reviewed. Our researches about in vitro cartilage tissue engineering with new type bioactive scaffold and preliminary animal studies results will also be described. The scaffold was tricopolymer made from gelatin, hyaluronan and chondroitin. Chondrocytes seeded in tricopolymer showed in vitro engineered cartilage formation. The engineered cartilage constructs were implanted into knee joints of miniature pigs for animal study.

Mechano-Active Cartilage Tissue Engineering

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
Soo Hyun Kim ◽  
Young Mee Jung ◽  
Sang Heon Kim ◽  
Young Ha Kim ◽  
Jun Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Compressive Deformation ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Cartilaginous Tissue ◽  
Pressing Method ◽  
Safranin O

To engineer cartilaginous constructs with a mechano-active scaffold and dynamic compression was performed for effective cartilage tissue engineering. Mechano-active scaffolds were fabricated from very elastic poly(L-lactide-co-ε-carprolactone)(5:5). The scaffolds with 85 % porosity and 300~500 μm pore size were prepared by a gel-pressing method. The scaffolds were seeded with chondrocytes and the continuous compressive deformation of 5% strain was applied to cell-polymer constructs with 0.1Hz to evaluate for the effect of dynamic compression for regeneration of cartilage. Also, the chondrocytes-seeded constructs stimulated by the continuous compressive deformation of 5% strain with 0.1Hz for 10 days and 24 days respectively were implanted in nude mice subcutaneously to investigate their biocompatibility and cartilage formation. From biochemical analyses, chondrogenic differentiation was sustained and enhanced significantly and chondrial extracellular matrix was increased through mechanical stimulation. Histological analysis showed that implants stimulated mechanically formed mature and well-developed cartilaginous tissue, as evidenced by chondrocytes within lacunae. Masson’s trichrome and Safranin O staining indicated an abundant accumulation of collagens and GAGs. Also, ECM in constructs was strongly immuno-stained with anti-rabbit collagen type II antibody. Consequently, the periodic application of dynamic compression can improve the quality of cartilaginous tissue formed in vitro and in vivo.

scholarly journals Gellan Gum Injectable Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Engineering Applications: In Vitro Studies and Preliminary In Vivo Evaluation

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
João T. Oliveira ◽  
Tírcia C. Santos ◽  
Luís Martins ◽  
Ricardo Picciochi ◽  
Alexandra P. Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Gellan Gum ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Injectable Hydrogels

In vitro and in vivo imaging techniques for cartilage tissue engineering

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. S447
Author(s):  
S. Tiwari ◽  
S. Pollok ◽  
H. Notbohm ◽  
R. Reis ◽  
B. Vollmar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue

scholarly journals Silencing Smad7 Potentiates BMP2-induced Chondrogenic Differentiation and Inhibits Endochondral Ossification in Human Synovial Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
pengcheng xiao ◽  
Zhenglin Zhu ◽  
Chengcheng Du ◽  
Yongsheng Zeng ◽  
junyi Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Chondrogenic Differentiation ◽  
Endochondral Ossification ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Alcian Blue Staining ◽  
Cartilage Injuries

Abstract Background: Cartilage injuries pose formidable challenges for effective clinical management. Autologous stem cell-based therapies and transgene-enhanced cartilage tissue engineering may open new avenues for the treatment of cartilage injuries. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) is a promising chondrogenic growth factors for transgene-enhanced cartilage tissue engineering. However the BMP2 is failed to maintain a stable chondrogenic phenotype as it also induces robust endochondral ossification. Recently, human synovial derived mesenchymal stem cells (hSMSCs) arouse interested through the poor differentiation potential into osteogenic lineage. Smad7, a protein to antagonizes TGF-β/BMP signaling pathway has been discovered significant in the endochondral ossification. In the present study ,we further explore the effect of downregulate Smad7 in BMP2-induced chondrogenic differentiation of hSMSCs. Methods: hSMSCs were isolated from synovium of human knee joint through adhesion growth. In vitro and in vivo chondrogenic differentiation models of hSMSCs were constructed . Transgenes of BMP2, silencing Smad7 and Smad7 were expressed by adenoviral vectors. The osteogenic differentiation was detected by alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red staining. The chondrogenic differentiation was detected by alcian blue staining. Gene expression was determined by reverse transcription and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. The subcutaneous stem cell implantation model was established and evaluated by micro-CT , h＆e staining, alcian blue staining and immunohistochemistry assay.Results: Compared to other MSCs, hSMSCs performed less of capability to osteogenic differentiation. But the occurrence of endochondral ossification is still inevasible during BMP2 induced cartilage formation. We found that silencing Smad7 enhanced the BMP2-induced chondrogenic differentiation of hSMSCs in vitro. Also, it leading to much less of hypertrophic differentiation. The subcutaneous stem cells implantation assays demonstrated silencing Smad7 potentiates BMP2-induced cartilage formation and inhibits endochondral ossification. Conclusion: This study strongly suggests that application of hSMSCs , cell scaffolds and silencing Smad7 can potentiate BMP2-induced chondrogenic differentiation and inhibit endochondral ossification. Thus, inhibit the expression of Smad7 in BMP2-induced hSMSCs differentiation may be a new strategy for cartilage tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Chondrogenic Potential of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Osteology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-174
Author(s):  
Naveen Jeyaraman ◽  
Gollahalli Shivashankar Prajwal ◽  
Madhan Jeyaraman ◽  
Sathish Muthu ◽  
Manish Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Dentin Matrix

The field of tissue engineering has revolutionized the world in organ and tissue regeneration. With the robust research among regenerative medicine experts and researchers, the plausibility of regenerating cartilage has come into the limelight. For cartilage tissue engineering, orthopedic surgeons and orthobiologists use the mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of various origins along with the cytokines, growth factors, and scaffolds. The least utilized MSCs are of dental origin, which are the richest sources of stromal and progenitor cells. There is a paradigm shift towards the utilization of dental source MSCs in chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration. Dental-derived MSCs possess similar phenotypes and genotypes like other sources of MSCs along with specific markers such as dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein (DMP) -1, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and STRO-1. Concerning chondrogenicity, there is literature with marginal use of dental-derived MSCs. Various studies provide evidence for in-vitro and in-vivo chondrogenesis by dental-derived MSCs. With such evidence, clinical trials must be taken up to support or refute the evidence for regenerating cartilage tissues by dental-derived MSCs. This article highlights the significance of dental-derived MSCs for cartilage tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals In vitro study of cartilage tissue engineering using human adipose-derived stem cells induced by platelet-rich plasma and cultured on silk fibroin scaffold

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imam Rosadi ◽  
Karina Karina ◽  
Iis Rosliana ◽  
Siti Sobariah ◽  
Irsyah Afini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Silk Fibroin Scaffold

Abstract Background Cartilage tissue engineering is a promising technique for repairing cartilage defect. Due to the limitation of cell number and proliferation, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been developed as a substitute to chondrocytes as a cartilage cell-source. This study aimed to develop cartilage tissue from human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) cultured on a Bombyx mori silk fibroin scaffold and supplemented with 10% platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Methods Human ADSCs and PRP were characterized. A silk fibroin scaffold with 500 μm pore size was fabricated through salt leaching. ADSCs were then cultured on the scaffold (ADSC-SS) and supplemented with 10% PRP for 21 days to examine cell proliferation, chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, and surface marker expression. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of type 2 collagen, aggrecan, and type 1 collagen was analysed. The presence of type 2 collagen confirming chondrogenesis was validated using immunocytochemistry. The negative and positive controls were ADSC-SS supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) and ADSC-SS supplemented with commercial chondrogenesis medium, respectively. Results Cells isolated from adipose tissue were characterized as ADSCs. Proliferation of the ADSC-SS PRP was significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to that of controls. Chondrogenesis was observed in ADSC-SS PRP and was confirmed through the increase in glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) secretion, the absence of mineral deposition, and increased surface marker proteins on chondrogenic progenitors. The mRNA expression of type 2 collagen in ADSC-SS PRP was significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to that in the negative control on days 7 and 21; however, aggrecan was significantly increased on day 14 compared to the controls. ADSC-SS PRP showed stable mRNA expression of type 1 collagen up to 14 days and it was significantly decreased on day 21. Confocal analysis showed the presence of type 2 collagen in the ADSC-SS PRP and positive control groups, with high distribution outside the cells forming the extracellular matrix (ECM) on day 21. Conclusion Our study showed that ADSC-SS with supplemented 10% PRP medium can effectively support chondrogenesis of ADSCs in vitro and promising for further development as an alternative for cartilage tissue engineering in vivo.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document