New Information Infrastructure Commons

2012 ◽  
pp. 157-174
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Information Infrastructure ◽  
Institutional Rules ◽  
Information Infrastructures ◽  
New Information

This chapter explores the characteristics of new and emerging information infrastructures. In particular, the chapter focuses on Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) projects, exploring what makes individuals and communities contribute code and ideas towards a FOSS product, but also how they negotiate and eventually agree on a set of institutional rules for structuring their collective action. The chapter also examines the emerging attributes of mashup projects and the ways that, once again, individuals and communities design and structure their contribution. The chapter concludes with some implications for further research on and around these new information infrastructures.

The development and consequences of new information infrastructures: the case of mashup platforms

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 606-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panos Constantinides
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Distributed Networks ◽  
Digital Content ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Information Infrastructures ◽  
New Information ◽  
Expert User ◽  
Future Events

The advent of Web 2.0 has led to the development of new information infrastructures, where the logic of collective action is becoming more heterogeneous and multilayered, derived not from a single core structure (e.g. a corporation), but from networked interdependencies. Although lay users and expert user-developers act collectively towards commonly shared goals (e.g. producing, mixing, ripping and sharing digital content), their actions are not collective but rather are instigated under complex motivational structures whereby no single individual or group of individuals has complete information regarding all likely combinations of future events. This article explores the complex interactions of distributed networks of lay users, expert developers and owners of new information infrastructures such as Flickr. The article then focuses on the challenge of governing the consequences of these new information infrastructures and concludes with implications for further research.

scholarly journals Open Source Software and the “Private-Collective” Innovation Model: Issues for Organization Science

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric von Hippel ◽  
Georg von Krogh
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Investment Model ◽  
Open Source Software Development ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Organization Science

Currently, two models of innovation are prevalent in organization science. The “private investment” model assumes returns to the innovator result from private goods and efficient regimes of intellectual property protection. The “collective action” model assumes that under conditions of market failure, innovators collaborate in order to produce a public good. The phenomenon of open source software development shows that users program to solve their own as well as shared technical problems, and freely reveal their innovations without appropriating private returns from selling the software. In this paper, we propose that open source software development is an exemplar of a compound “private-collective” model of innovation that contains elements of both the private investment and the collective action models and can offer society the “best of both worlds” under many conditions. We describe a new set of research questions this model raises for scholars in organization science. We offer some details regarding the types of data available for open source projects in order to ease access for researchers who are unfamiliar with these, and also offer some advice on conducting empirical studies on open source software development processes.

Free & Open Source Software for Microfinance

2010 ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Britta Augsburg ◽  
Jan Philipp Schmidt ◽  
Karuna Krishnaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Software Projects ◽  
Free Open Source Software ◽  
New Information ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Free Open Source

In this chapter we investigate the potential of open source software to increase the impact of microfinance (MF) especially for the very poor. We argue that especially small and medium organizations play a crucial role, because they are more flexible in operations and familiar with the local context. We consider how new information and communication technology (ICT) can increase outreach of MF to the very poor within a self-sustainable holistic approach. We consider the potential of free/open source software projects to address the computing needs of small and remote MFIs, and we describe the reasons why no suitable solutions have emerged yet. While the use of FOSS and ICTs in general can help increase outreach, we feel the need to draw attention to the challenges that come with it; one should not forget that access to basic financial services is not all that is needed by the very poor.

The Consequences of New Information Infrastructures

2012 ◽  
pp. 175-195
Keyword(s):  
Social Participation ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Information Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
External Influence ◽  
Information Infrastructures ◽  
New Information ◽  
Ethical Governance ◽  
And Control

This chapter builds on the discussion in Chapter 8 by exploring the dynamics of social participation in the development of new information infrastructures. Specifically, this chapter focuses on the consequences of social participation and ‘free choice’ – if indeed individuals are free, i.e. without any external influence – into different types of interaction offered by new information infrastructures. The WikiLeaks information infrastructure is used as an example to set the ground for examining how new information infrastructures generate a number of consequences for the ‘freedom’ of individual users, and for those seeking to monitor and control infrastructure use. This discussion raises a number of ethical issues which are explored by drawing on Foucault’s notion of governmentality. The chapter concludes with some implications for further research on the ethical governance of information infrastructure development.

An Algorithm for Gradual Patch Acceptance Detection in Open Source Software Repository Mining

2012 ◽  
Vol E95.A (9) ◽  
pp. 1478-1489
Author(s):  
Passakorn PHANNACHITTA ◽  
Akinori IHARA ◽  
Pijak JIRAPIWONG ◽  
Masao OHIRA ◽  
Ken-ichi MATSUMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Software Repository ◽  
Repository Mining ◽  
Software Repository Mining
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