Pretenders and Misleaders in Product Design

Meaningful messages may be conveyed in product design with the use of pretenders as the carriers of hidden messages; they refer to visual practices in design, architecture, and visualization. For this reason, they may be useful for working projects in further chapters. The notions of iconic objects, or iconcity of an object, make a basis of product semantics. Proper design versus pretenders, misleaders, informers, double-duty gadgets, and multitasking tools are discussed and then contrasted with the notion of camouflage.

Author(s):  
H. M. Kerch ◽  
R. A. Gerhardt

Highly porous ceramics are employed in a variety of engineering applications due to their unique mechanical, optical, and electrical characteristics. In order to achieve proper design and function, information about the pore structure must be obtained. Parameters of importance include pore size, pore volume, and size distribution, as well as pore texture and geometry. A quantitative determination of these features for high porosity materials by a microscopic technique is usually not done because artifacts introduced by either the sample preparation method or the image forming process of the microscope make interpretation difficult.Scanning electron microscopy for both fractured and polished surfaces has been utilized extensively for examining pore structures. However, there is uncertainty in distinguishing between topography and pores for the fractured specimen and sample pullout obscures the true morphology for samples that are polished. In addition, very small pores (nm range) cannot be resolved in the S.E.M. On the other hand, T.E.M. has better resolution but the specimen preparation methods involved such as powder dispersion, ion milling, and chemical etching may incur problems ranging from preferential widening of pores to partial or complete destruction of the pore network.


1932 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
Sylvester J. Liddy ◽  
John C. Pemberton
Keyword(s):  

1979 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
pp. 214-222
Author(s):  
K. Sauter

The problems encountered in achieving data security within computer-supported information systems increased with the development of modern computer systems. The threats are manifold and have to be met by an appropriate set of hardware precautions, organizational procedures and software measures which are the topic of this paper. Design principles and software construction rules are treated first, since the security power of a system is considerably determined by its proper design. A number of software techniques presented may support security mechanisms ranging from user identification and authentication to access control, auditing and threat monitoring. Encryption is a powerful tool for protecting data during physical storage and transmission as well.Since an increasing number of health information systems with information-integrating functions are database-supported, the main issues and terms of database systems and their specific security aspects are summarized in the appendix.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
Ermaida Dewi

The background of this research is an instrument of learning for reading comprehension which in general is still dominated by an instrument in the form of print out which makes the students’ interest to read is reduced. In addition, this instrument is usually done manually or handwritten so that the students’ work must be corrected manually and require some time to get the results. This study aims to develop instruments or measuring devices for reading comprehension in the Primary School in Pekanbaru and find out the feasibility of measuring devices for reading comprehension skills. This product is Macromedia Flash 8 based namely "MaCaMi" which stands forMari Membaca dan Memahami. The research method used was the 4D model with four stages, such as the define stage, the design phase, the develop phase, and the dessiminate stage which is limited to the third stage. The data of this study were obtained from product design expert validation questionnaire, questionnaire validated by linguists, teacher response questionnaire and students response questionnaire. The data were generated quantitatively and analyzed by using the assessment criteria to determine the product quality. The results of this study showed the assessment of product design experts in draft 1 had an average percentage of 69.61% with the appropriate category then had increased in draft 2 to 90.56% with the very feasible category. The results of  the feasibility test by linguists in draft 1 with had average percentage of 95.30% with the very feasible category then increased in draft 2 to 97.20% withn the very feasible category. The results of the teacher's response to the reading comprehension measuring instrument in the Primary School in Pekanbaru developed by researchers obtained an average percentage of 93.50% with a very good category and the results of students' responses to the measuring instrument obtained an average percentage of 89.90% with a category very good. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the product developed by researchers is feasible to be used as a measure of reading comprehension ability of primary school students.


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