“Come on Now, I Want to See Blood!”

2016 ◽

pp. 1-18

Author(s):

Laura L. Hansen ◽

Melissa E. Freitag

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Juvenile Delinquency ◽

Historical Perspective ◽

Violent Behavior ◽

Street Gangs ◽

Youth Gangs ◽

New Members ◽

Initiation Rites ◽

Gang Affiliation ◽

Predictive Risk

Violent initiation rites directed at new members or potential members of an organization are not recent phenomena and not exclusive to joining street gangs or crews. This chapter will explore the origins of violent initiation through history and how contemporary rites used to “welcome” new members in youth gangs mirror other entries into exclusively male enclaves. These rituals include controlled, choreographed patterns of violent behavior, including participants vs. voyeurs and number of blows directed at the initiate before the rite is considered to be completed. In additional to taking a historical perspective, recognized predictive risk factors for gang recruitment are listed, including those identified by Hill et al. (1999) in their Seattle study of juvenile delinquency and how it leads down the slippery slope to gang affiliation.

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38 Identifying predictive risk factors for permanent pacemaker implantation up to 30 days post-TAVI

10.1136/heartjnl-2021-bcs.38 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jiaqi Li ◽

Annita Christodoulidou ◽

James Cranley ◽

Farhana Ara ◽

Charis Costopoulos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Pacemaker Implantation ◽

Permanent Pacemaker ◽

Permanent Pacemaker Implantation ◽

Predictive Risk

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Socialization processes within adolescents’ relationships with parents and peers predicting couples’ intimate partner violence in adulthood: A social learning perspective

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579421000602 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Thao Ha ◽

Mark J. Van Ryzin ◽

Kit K. Elam

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Substance Use ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Violent Behavior ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

High Risk Sexual Behavior ◽

Self Reports ◽

Socialization Processes ◽

Risk Sexual Behavior

Abstract Previous studies have established that individual characteristics such as violent behavior, substance use, and high-risk sexual behavior, as well as negative relationships with parents and friends, are all risk factors for intimate partner violence (IPV). In this longitudinal prospective study, we investigated whether violent behavior, substance use, and high-risk sexual behavior in early adulthood (ages 22–23 years) mediated the link between family conflict and coercive relationship talk with friends in adolescence (ages 16–17 years) and dyadic IPV in adulthood (ages 28–30 years). A total of 998 individuals participated in multimethod assessments, including observations of interactions with parents and friends. Data from multiple reporters were used for variables of interest including court records, parental and self-reports of violence, self-reports of high-sexual-risk behaviors and substance use, and self- and romantic partner-reports of IPV. Longitudinal mediation analyses showed that violent behavior during early adulthood mediated the link between coercive relationship talk with friends in adolescence and dyadic IPV in adulthood. No other mediation paths were found and there was no evidence of gender differences. Results are discussed with attention to the interpersonal socialization processes by which IPV emerges relative to individual risk factors.

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Incidence and Risk Factors of Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism Following Foot and Ankle Surgery

Foot & Ankle International ◽

10.1177/1071100718794851 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 98-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Johanna Marie Richey ◽

Miranda Lucia Ritterman Weintraub ◽

John M. Schuberth

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hormone Replacement ◽

Case Series ◽

Foot And Ankle ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Ankle Surgery ◽

History Of ◽

Low Incidence ◽

Predictive Risk

Background: The incidence rate of venous thrombotic events (VTEs) following foot and ankle surgery is low. Currently, there is no consensus regarding postoperative prophylaxis or evidence to support risk stratification. Methods: A 2-part study assessing the incidence and factors for the development of VTE was conducted: (1) a retrospective observational cohort study of 22 486 adults to calculate the overall incidence following foot and/or ankle surgery from January 2008 to May 2011 and (2) a retrospective matched case-control study to identify risk factors for development of VTE postsurgery. One control per VTE case matched on age and sex was randomly selected from the remaining patients. Results: The overall incidence of VTE was 0.9%. Predictive risk factors in bivariate analyses included obesity, history of VTE, history of trauma, use of hormonal replacement or oral contraception therapy, anatomic location of surgery, procedure duration 60 minutes or more, general anesthesia, postoperative nonweightbearing immobilization greater than 2 weeks, and use of anticoagulation. When significant variables from bivariate analyses were placed into the multivariable regression model, 4 remained statistically significant: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for obesity, 6.1; history of VTE, 15.7; use of hormone replacement therapy, 8.9; and postoperative nonweightbearing immobilization greater than 2 weeks, 9.0. The risk of VTE increased significantly with 3 or more risk factors ( P = .001). Conclusion: The overall low incidence of VTE following foot and ankle surgery does not support routine prophylaxis for all patients. Among patients with 3 or more risk factors, the use of chemoprophylaxis may be warranted. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective case series.

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Predictive risk factors towards liver fluke infection among the people in Kamalasai District, Kalasin Province, Thailand

SAGE Open Medicine ◽

10.1177/2050312119840201 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 205031211984020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Woragon Wichaiyo ◽

Wirat Parnsila ◽

Wisit Chaveepojnkamjorn ◽

Banchob Sripa

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Liver Fluke ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The People ◽

Fluke Infection ◽

Raw Fish ◽

Predictive Risk ◽

Liver Fluke Infection

Background: Liver fluke disease caused by Opisthorchis viverrini remains a major public health problem with its crucial risk factors caused by some individual habits or false beliefs among the people in northeastern Thailand concerning the consumption of raw fish meat dishes. Objectives: This study explores the predictive risk factors for the infection of liver fluke disease. Methods: The sample consisted of 400 people aged 30 years and above in Thanya sub-district, Kamalasai district, Kalasin province. A cross-sectional analytic study, using the χ2 test, odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, was used to find the influence of each variable, along with the use of multiple logistic regression (p = 0.05). A questionnaire form was used as the research instrument. Results: Factors found in the results are as follows: households with a cat were 7.00 times more at risk than households without a cat; eating raw fish dishes prepared by themselves increases the risk of infection by 2.58 times; eating raw fish dishes prepared by family members increases the risk by 4.74 times; and raw fish dishes bought from a community market increases the risk by 2.33 times. Conclusion: A campaign should be launched to educate people not to eat raw or undercooked fish dishes, but to fully cook fish dishes before eating, as the food is still delicious, but also safe, healthy, and free from liver fluke infection.

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