Spectrum Sensing and Identification Techniques of Cognitive Radio Networks

2019 ◽  
pp. 189-202
Author(s):  
Rashmi M. Kittali ◽  
Ashok V. Sutagundar
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Dynamic Spectrum Access ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Radio Link ◽  
Radio Systems ◽  
Key Enabling Technologies ◽  
Identification Techniques

Cognitive radio emerged as one of the key enabling technologies of dynamic spectrum access, addressing the problem of inefficient usage of the available radio spectrum. It aims at providing more effective and convenient communication capabilities. Cognitive radio which is considered as the key technology for future mobile computing and wireless communications can form cognitive radio networks (CRN) by extending the features of radio link to network layer functions and above. The cognitive radio systems have the ability to exploit the spectrum holes by detecting and using them in an opportunistic manner through spectrum sensing. This chapter will brief the various architectures of cognitive radio networks, terminal capabilities of cognitive radio as nodes of CRN highlighting the spectrum sensing ability and different methods of it, and some applications of CRN.

scholarly journals A REVIEW ON SPECTRUM SENSING METHODS FOR COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 5053-5057
Author(s):  
K. Kaarthik ◽  
P.T. Sivagurunathan ◽  
S. Sivaranjani
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Dynamic Spectrum Access ◽  
Cognitive Radios ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Spectrum Access ◽  
Free Spectrum ◽  
Allocation Process

In Wireless Communication, Radio Spectrum is doing a vital role; for the future need it should use efficient. The existing system, it is not possible to use it efficiently where the allocation of spectrum is done based on fixed spectrum access (FSA) policy. Several surveys prove that it show the way to inefficient use of spectrum. An innovative technique is needed for spectrum utilization effectively. Using Dynamic spectrum access (DSA) policy, available spectrum can be exploited. Cognitive radio arises to be an attractive solution which introduces opportunistic usage of the frequency bands that are not commonly occupied by licensed users. Cognitive radios promote open spectrum allocation which is a clear departure from habitual command and control allocation process for radio spectrum usage. In short, it permits the formation of “infrastructure-less” joint network clusters which is called Cognitive Radio Networks (CRN). Conversely the spectrum sensing techniques are needed to detect free spectrum. In this paper, different spectrum sensing techniques are analyzed.

scholarly journals Adaptive dual-radio spectrum-sensing scheme in cognitive radio networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1247-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Jun Cai ◽  
Attahiru S. Alfa ◽  
Anthony C.K. Soong ◽  
Simin Li
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Radio Networks

Cognitive Radio Networks

2019 ◽  
pp. 491-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Gupta ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Dhurandher ◽  
Bhoopendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Spectrum Sharing ◽  
Dynamic Spectrum Access ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Limited Spectrum

The radio spectrum is witnessing a major paradigm shift from fixed spectrum assignment policy to the dynamic spectrum access, which will completely change the way radio spectrum is managed. This step is required to greatly reduce the load on limited spectrum resources, which is being enforced by the exponential growth of wireless services. This is only feasible due to the capabilities of the cognitive radio, which will provide a new paradigm in wireless communication by exploiting the existing unused spectrum bands opportunistically. The chapter provides insight into recent developments in the area of cognitive radio networks with the main focus on review of the spectrum management, which consists of four main challenges: sensing of selected spectrum band, decision about sensed spectrum, sharing of spectrum among many users, and spectrum handoff. Further, sharing of target channel after a channel handoff is analyzed using game theory to get a different perspective on the existing medium access techniques.

Cross-Layer Design in Cognitive Radio Networks

2012 ◽  
pp. 282-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Zhiqiang Wu ◽  
Zhongmei Yao
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Dynamic Spectrum Access ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Opportunistic Spectrum Access ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Spectrum Access ◽  
Frequency Bands

Radio spectrum has become a precious resource. Most frequency bands have been allocated for exclusive use in the US. However, studies have shown that a very large portion of the radio spectrum is unused or underused for long periods of time at a given geographic location. Therefore, allowing users without a license to operate in licensed bands while causing no interference to the license holder becomes a promising way to satisfy the fast growing need for spectrum resources. Dynamic spectrum access and cognitive radio are technologies for enabling opportunistic spectrum access and enhancing the efficiency and utilization of the spectrum. A cognitive radio adapts to the environment in which it operates by sensing the spectrum and then opportunistically exploiting unused and/or underused frequency bands in order to achieve certain performance goals. Due to the close coupling and interaction among protocol layers, the optimal design of opportunistic spectrum access and cognitive radio networks calls for a cross-layer approach that integrates signal processing and networking with regulatory policy making. This chapter introduces basic concepts, design issues involved, and some recent development in this emerging technological field. Future research directions are also briefly examined.

Throughput-Efficient Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Networks

2015 ◽  
pp. 454-477
Author(s):  
Raza Umar ◽  
Wessam Mesbah
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Coalition Formation ◽  
Dynamic Spectrum Access ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Spectrum Access ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Network Partition ◽  
Game Theoretic

Cognitive radio based on dynamic spectrum access has emerged as a promising technology to meet the insatiable demand for radio spectrum by the emerging wireless applications. In this chapter, the authors address the problem of throughput-efficient spectrum access in Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) using Coalitional Game-theoretic framework. They model the problem of joint Coalition Formation (CF) and Bandwidth (BW) allocation as a CF game in partition form with non-transferable utility and present a variety of algorithms to dynamically share the available spectrum resources among competing Secondary Users (SUs). First, the authors present a centralized solution to reach a sum-rate maximizing Nash-stable network partition. Next, a distributed CF algorithm is developed through which SUs may join/leave a coalition based on their individual preferences. Performance analysis shows that the CF algorithms with optimal BW allocation provides a substantial gain in the network throughput over existing coalition formation techniques as well as the simple cases of singleton and grand coalition.

An Energy Efficient Spectrum Aware Routing for Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dileep Reddy Bolla ◽  
Jijesh J J ◽  
Mahaveer Penna ◽  
Shiva Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Spectrum Management ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
The Impact

Back Ground/ Aims:: Now-a-days in the Wireless Communications some of the spectrum bands are underutilized or unutilized; the spectrum can be utilized properly by using the Cognitive Radio Techniques using the Spectrum Sensing mechanisms. Objectives:: The prime objective of the research work carried out is to achieve the energy efficiency and to use the spectrum effectively by using the spectrum management concept and achieve better throughput, end to end delay etc., Methods:: The detection of the spectrum hole plays a vital role in the routing of Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs). While detecting the spectrum holes and the routing, sensing is impacted by the hidden node issues and exposed node issues. The impact of sensing is improved by incorporating the Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (CSS) techniques. Along with these issues the spectrum resources changes time to time in the routing. Results:: All the issues are addressed with An Energy Efficient Spectrum aware Routing (EESR) protocol which improves the timeslot and the routing schemes. The overall network life time is improved with the aid of residual energy concepts and the overall network performance is improved. Conclusion:: The proposed protocol (EESR) is an integrated system with spectrum management and the routing is successfully established to communication in the network and further traffic load is observed to be balanced in the protocol based on the residual energy in a node and further it improves the Network Lifetime of the Overall Network and the Individual CR user, along with this the performance of the proposed protocol outperforms the conventional state of art routing protocols.

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