Data Confidentiality on the Semantic Web

2008 ◽  
pp. 3309-3320
Author(s):  
Csilla Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Inference Problem ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description

This chapter investigates the threat of unwanted Semantic Web inferences. We survey the current efforts to detect and remove unwanted inferences, identify research gaps, and recommend future research directions. We begin with a brief overview of Semantic Web technologies and reasoning methods, followed by a description of the inference problem in traditional databases. In the context of the Semantic Web, we study two types of inferences: (1) entailments defined by the formal semantics of the Resource Description Framework (RDF) and the RDF Schema (RDFS) and (2) inferences supported by semantic languages like the Web Ontology Language (OWL). We compare the Semantic Web inferences to the inferences studied in traditional databases. We show that the inference problem exists on the Semantic Web and that existing security methods do not fully prevent indirect data disclosure via inference channels.

Data Confidentiality on the Semantic Web

2006 ◽  
pp. 73-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csilla Farkas
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Inference Problem ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description

This chapter investigates the threat of unwanted Semantic Web inferences. We survey the current efforts to detect and remove unwanted inferences, identify research gaps, and recommend future research directions. We begin with a brief overview of Semantic Web technologies and reasoning methods, followed by a description of the inference problem in traditional databases. In the context of the Semantic Web, we study two types of inferences: (1) entailments defined by the formal semantics of the Resource Description Framework (RDF) and the RDF Schema (RDFS) and (2) inferences supported by semantic languages like the Web Ontology Language (OWL). We compare the Semantic Web inferences to the inferences studied in traditional databases. We show that the inference problem exists on the Semantic Web and that existing security methods do not fully prevent indirect data disclosure via inference channels.

scholarly journals Semantic Web in the expansion of E Commerce

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 3820-3827
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Resource Description Framework ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Web Ontology Language ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Semantic Enrichment ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description

This study focuses on the enhancing the potential of the e-commerce websites with various Semantic web technologies. The involvement of semantic enrichment gives more meaning to the data and makes content more easily discoverable by both search engines and users. Daily thousands of people try searching for a product they are willing to buy and due to the system inefficiency, customers waste a lot of their precious time and resources and also there are a lot of problems with the current e-commerce systems. So, semantic web has certain technologies/languages specifically established for data, i.e. RDF (Resource description framework), OWL (Web ontology language) and XML, etc. which can help overcome the problems and accelerate the business to a higher level where e-commerce websites will be playing an important role.

scholarly journals Petri nets on the semantic web guidelines and infrastructure

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Gasevic
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Uml Profiles ◽  
Community Effort ◽  
Model Sharing ◽  
Petri Net Markup Language ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Resource Description

This paper gives the Petri net ontology as the most important element in providing Petri net support for the Semantic Web. Available Petri net formal descriptions are: metamodels, UML profiles, ontologies and syntax. Metamodels are useful, but their main purpose is for Petri net tools. Although the current Petri-net community effort Petri Net Markup Language (PNML) is XML-based, it lacks a precise definition of semantics. Existing Petri net ontologies are partial solutions specialized for a specific problem. In order to show current Petri net model sharing features we use P3 tool that uses PNML/XSLT-based approach for model sharing. This paper suggests developing the Petri net ontology to represent semantics appropriately. This Petri net ontology is described using UML, Resource Description Framework (Schema) RDF(S) and the Web Ontology Language-OWL.

scholarly journals OpenCitations, an infrastructure organization for open scholarship

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 428-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Peroni ◽  
David Shotton
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Citation Data ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Citation Indexes ◽  
Description Framework

OpenCitations is an infrastructure organization for open scholarship dedicated to the publication of open citation data as Linked Open Data using Semantic Web technologies, thereby providing a disruptive alternative to traditional proprietary citation indexes. Open citation data are valuable for bibliometric analysis, increasing the reproducibility of large-scale analyses by enabling publication of the source data. Following brief introductions to the development and benefits of open scholarship and to Semantic Web technologies, this paper describes OpenCitations and its data sets, tools, services, and activities. These include the OpenCitations Data Model; the SPAR (Semantic Publishing and Referencing) Ontologies; OpenCitations’ open software of generic applicability for searching, browsing, and providing REST APIs over resource description framework (RDF) triplestores; Open Citation Identifiers (OCIs) and the OpenCitations OCI Resolution Service; the OpenCitations Corpus (OCC), a database of open downloadable bibliographic and citation data made available in RDF under a Creative Commons public domain dedication; and the OpenCitations Indexes of open citation data, of which the first and largest is COCI, the OpenCitations Index of Crossref Open DOI-to-DOI Citations, which currently contains over 624 million bibliographic citations and is receiving considerable usage by the scholarly community.

scholarly journals Decentralized case-based reasoning and Semantic Web technologies applied to decision support in oncology

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu d'Aquin ◽  
Jean Lieber ◽  
Amedeo Napoli
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Description Logic ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Case Based Reasoning ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Concept Classification ◽  
Case Based

AbstractThis article presents the Kasimir system dedicated to decision knowledge management in oncology and which is built on top of Semantic Web technologies, taking benefit from standard knowledge representation formalisms and open reasoning tools. The representation of medical decision protocols, in particular for breast cancer treatment, is based on concepts and instances implemented within the description logic OWL DL (Web ontology language description logic). The knowledge units related to a protocol can then be applied for solving specific medical problems, using instance or concept classification. However, the straight application of a protocol is not always satisfactory, for example, because of contraindications, necessitating an adaptation of the protocol. This is why the principles and methods of case-based reasoning (CBR) in the framework of DLs have been used. In addition, the domain of oncology is complex and involves several specialties, for example, surgery and chemotherapy. This complexity can be better undertaken with a viewpoint-based representation of protocols and viewpoint-based reasoning, for either application or adaptation of the protocols. Accordingly, a distributed DL has been used for representing a viewpoint-based protocol. The application and the adaptation of the viewpoint-based protocol to medical cases is carried out using global instance classification and decentralized CBR.

A Policy-Based Team Collaboration

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae W. Hwang ◽  
Shmuel Rotenstreich
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Team Collaboration ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Semantic Query ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Negotiation Protocol ◽  
Coordination Model ◽  
Ontology Language

This paper presents a policy-based coordination model for team collaboration. Team collaboration requires an agreement that utilizes a negotiation protocol to find candidate teams and to decide on a collaboration partner. The decision relies on policies that are rules governing team situations in an organization. Contexts and rules allow reasoning about team situations. The authors describe a policy-based negotiation protocol. It introduces an ontology-based whiteboard component that uses the Semantic Web technologies such as Web Ontology Language (OWL), Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL), and Semantic Query-enhanced Web Rule Language (SQWRL). The negotiation protocol facilitates whiteboards as a computational foundation for awareness of situations and policies, and it assists with the final decision using a measure based on the combination of rule-based queries and functions.

Knowledge Management Portals for Empowering Citizens and Societies

2011 ◽  
pp. 42-63
Author(s):  
Hakikur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common People ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Intellectual Content ◽  
Huge Data

Knowledge management is not a simple technology driven modus operandi, rather it is policy driven issue that is intermingled with technology, decision, management and intellectuality. Along this route, empowering common citizens utilizing knowledge development utilities is a challenge to the researchers and development practitioners. Furthermore, dissemination of intellectual content on the Web for public view, their understanding, capacity development, and specifically for being utilized as a tool to increase their social, educational, political and economic ability is by far the most difficult part of the system. The process complicates further, when emerging technologies are being adopted to provide the solution, especially for the common people of the community with their social and political implications. However, in recent years, knowledge management has become a new branch of system management for achieving breakthrough in entrepreneurship, social and governance performance synergizing people, process, technology and policy. At the same time, emerging technologies like, data mining are being utilized for carrying out intelligent decision among dispersed source of huge data. Semantic Web Technologies are also being incorporated in the decision making processes. This chapter is focusing on knowledge management issues for developing knowledge management portals to empower citizens and societies. In this context, the chapter introduced critical aspects of knowledge management perspectives, justified establishment of knowledge management portals acting as a tool of empowerment, provided insight on data mining as a technology of implementation, throws a solution by introducing Semantic Web Technologies as an essential technology for establishing knowledge management portals, puts forward contemporary challenges during the establishment of knowledge management portal, illustrated a few cases that are acting as knowledge management portals, and concluded before giving a few hints on future research issues for empowering common element of the society.

Survey of directly mapping SQL databases to the Semantic Web

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan F. Sequeda ◽  
Syed Hamid Tirmizi ◽  
Oscar Corcho ◽  
Daniel P. Miranker
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Resource Description Framework ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Web Ontology Language ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Description Framework ◽  
Resource Description ◽  
Semantic Properties ◽  
Rdf Schema

AbstractThe Semantic Web anticipates integrated access to a large number of information sources on the Internet represented as Resource Description Framework (RDF). Given the large number of websites that are backed by SQL databases, methods that automate the translation of those databases to RDF are crucial. One approach, taken by a number of researchers, is to directly map the SQL schema to an equivalent Web Ontology Language (OWL) or RDF Schema representation, which in turn, implies an RDF representation for the relational data. This paper reviews this research, and derives a consolidated, overarching set of translation rules expressible as a stratified Datalog program. We present all the possible key combinations in an SQL schema and consider their implied semantic properties. We review the approaches and characterize them with respect to the scope of their coverage of SQL constructs.

An Ontology Based Representation of Software Design Patterns

2011 ◽  
pp. 258-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Dietrich ◽  
Chris Elgar
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Design Patterns ◽  
Web Ontology Language ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Software Design Patterns ◽  
Formal Definitions ◽  
The Web

This chapter introduces an approach to define Design patterns using semantic Web technologies. For this purpose, a vocabulary based on the Web ontology language OWL is developed. Design patterns can be defined as RDF documents instantiating this vocabulary, and can be published as resources on standard Web servers. This facilitates the use of patterns as knowledge artefacts shared by the software engineering community. The instantiation of patterns in programs is discussed, and the design of a tool is presented that can x-ray programs for pattern instances based on their formal definitions.

Automating REA Policy Level Specifications with Semantic Web Technologies

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tod Sedbrook ◽  
Richard I. Newmark
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Web ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Model Complex ◽  
Application Ontology ◽  
Entity Relationship ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Machine Readable

ABSTRACT: Enterprise modelers require tools and techniques that consistently represent and logically apply domain knowledge. Current modeling approaches rely on entity relationship or unified modeling diagrams to represent semantic descriptions of business exchanges. However, it remains difficult to transform the implicit metadata, ontologies, and logic embedded in diagrams into a coherent form that can be interpreted by machines and delivered across the web. This study explores the uniting of machine processing capabilities of semantic web technologies with resource event agent (REA) enterprise ontologies to model complex multienterprise partnerships. Web Ontology Language (OWL) and Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) were used to model REA policies for a distributed e-commerce partnership selling nearly new vehicles. We combine a specialized REA application ontology with semantic technologies to direct multienterprise collaborations. We present a prototype that encodes the ontology's concepts within OWL and SWRL and explore these machine-readable representations within the context of a case study.

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