Based on COVID-19, Enterprise Strategic Transformation Management of Review

The spread of COVID-19 has caused a huge impact on China's economic situation, and the industry has been significantly affected. Therefore, accelerating the strategic transformation of all industries is the only way to seek sustainable development in the post-epidemic era. This paper reviews the theory of strategic transformation through the study of the concept, classification, development stage, and various industries of strategic transformation, including education, steel, manufacturing, and commercial banks. This paper summarizes the theory of strategic transformation and its development in recent years to a certain extent and puts forward the future research direction of strategic transformation. On the one hand, the research results of this paper provide literature support for the theoretical development of strategy and strategic transformation. On the other hand, it provides a practical basis for studying strategic issues in various industries based on the background of COVID-19.

Medical Students' Perceptions of Patient-Doctor Relationship in South Korea: Concept Mapping Analysis

Introduction: The patient-doctor relationship has evolved from early paternalism to a consumerism and partnership model that emphasizes cooperation. Patient-doctor relationships might vary with the socio-cultural environment, because the medical environment affects such relationships.Method: We investigated the patient-doctor relationship among medical students through concept mapping analysis. Twenty-six fourth-grade Korean medical students wrote a reflection journal and participated in the concept classification and the importance evaluation of the derived concept. ALSCAL multidimensional scaling and Ward hierarchical cluster analysis were performed. Also, the 5-point Likert scale was used to evaluate the importance of the concept.Results: Sixty-six statements about the patient-doctor relationship were extracted and grouped into six clusters. The x-axis is the dimension of “Information-Respect,” and the y-axis is “Changeability-Persistence.” Six patient-doctor concepts were derived and students evaluated “Patient-centered” as the most important.Conclusions: Medical students express various concepts of the patient-doctor relationship. Considering that they may encounter various medical conditions and patients, it is necessary that they understand deeply the complex patient-doctor relationship.

Geographical Analysis of the Determinants of Spatial Expansion in the City of Kirkuk

The city of Kirkuk found a large spatial expansion in line with its functional requirements. It was interrupted by determinants represented by the stress areas that clearly affected the city’s growth. Based on that, the research aims to classify the stress areas and identify axes and directions for their expansion, relying on an inductive approach. Introduction, the first axis began to study the stress areas in terms of their concept, classification and characteristics, while the second axis was devoted to the school of urban development (population and urbanism) by dividing them into four morphological stages, while the third axis was devoted to studying and identifying patterns of stress areas and their impact on spatial expansion, and the research was concluded with a sentence of Conclusions and recommendations.

Effective models of economic growth of enterprise performance: Classification, analysis, selection

Subject. The article considers the concept, classification and mechanisms of implementing the models of performance growth as tools to maintain the sustainability of enterprises in a volatile economic environment. Objectives. The study aims to develop recommendations for replacing the growth models focused on a certain way of generating results, due to a decrease in their marginal utility, which violates the stability of the enterprise. Methods. The proposed method rests on a comparison of values of marginal utility and incremental costs necessary for implementing the special-purpose growth models, which parameters are oriented toward the management of certain sources of net cash flow growth; hierarchical schemes, determining the causal relationships of the analyzed growth models, the factors of net cash flows and the contribution to the growth; the projected level of enterprise potential development and the volume of investment required for a new growth model. Results. We developed a methodology for selecting an economically feasible organizational growth model that increases the enterprise sustainability on the planning interval, as applied to the predicted economic conditions of the environment. Conclusions. Our methodology may serve as an analytical tool to justify strategies for improving the efficiency of enterprises to maintain their stability on the planning interval in a volatile economic environment.

Information Need and Information User: Theory and Practice

This study discusses theoretical and practical issues of information needs and information users. The study presents a theoretical system about information needs and information users, including: concept, classification and role of information users; concept, classification, characteristics, and factors affecting information needs. The study affirms the practical values of information user's information needs for the development of society, the information and library industry and information user community.

Perspectives on the pharmacist’s “product”: a narrative review

Clarity about the pharmacist’s “product” is fundamental to developing and communicating the value of pharmacy offerings. It is clear within the profession that pharmacists use their scope of knowledge and technical skills to address medication-related needs of individuals and populations. However, confusion still remains in the professional and public literature about what a pharmacist precisely produces for society. Is it a drug, service, program, solution, or something else? As the profession evolves from one that focuses on dispensing drugs to a profession that seeks to achieve positive patient health outcomes, pharmacists need to better conceptualize and articulate what they produce. This narrative review explores ideas from the marketing, business strategy, and entrepreneurship literature to discuss diverse perspectives on the pharmacist’s product. The four perspectives are the product as (1) a tangible product, (2) an intangible service, (3) a “smart, connected” good or service, and (4) a solution to a customer problem in whatever form provided. Based upon these perspectives, the pharmacist’s product can be any combination of tangible or intangible, face-to-face or virtual offering produced by pharmacists that seeks to satisfy medication-related needs and wants of pharmacy patients and customers. Ideas discussed in this review include the total product concept, classification schemes from the services marketing literature, the theory of service-dominant logic, the concepts of “smart, connected” products and industrialized intimacy, and the jobs-to-be-done framework. These various perspectives offer lessons for pharmacists on how to innovate when serving patients and customers and to communicate the pharmacist’s value proposition to the people they serve.

From Electronic to Smart Library Systems: Concept, Classification of Services, Scheme of Work and Model

The university library is presented as a complex system that includes elements with various properties and challenges. Any structural change inevitably affects the activity of all its components. This paper discusses the concept of an anticipated smart library, the services that can be transferred to it, and its scheme of work and model. This paper presents a certain set of technical solutions deliverable through the smart library of a university. Over 200 publications, mainly by foreign scholars, have been analysed because of the lack of research in Russia on smart library services. The smart library system is designed to provide information services in any form and on any digital device through classical and service networks based on smart services. Smart library services are classified by two main characteristics: the library activity types (e. g. general services, scientific and educational) and the ways of obtaining information (e. g., traditional, online and smart). This paper presents the scheme of a smart library, based on which the model of a university smart library is constructed. The research results may be best limited to university libraries. The results have practical applications in the Library and Publishing Complex of Siberian Federal University. Consequently, a new library information environment has been developed and integrated into the university’s information space

MANAGEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURES OF THE ENTERPRISE: CONCEPT, CLASSIFICATION AND ORDER OF REFLECTION IN ACCOUNTING

In the article, the authors highlight the concept and classification of income and expenses of an enterprise, the author's polemic on the concept of income is presented. The order of reflection of income and expenses in accounting is considered.