Protocol Operation

Author(s):  
Gábor Árpád Németh

This chapter gives a fundamental overview of communication protocol operation. The concept of layering is introduced along with the definitions of communication primitives, protocol and service data units, data encapsulation, and service access points. An example for layering – the OSI Reference Model – is also presented. The service provided by a protocol can be characterized based on the various distributed communication models and operational environments. The model of an operation environment along with its characteristics and the model of a communication node are introduced as well. Various communication problems, trigger conditions, and the purpose of the timer trigger condition are discussed. Protocol interaction scenarios are presented with respect to the number of participants and the reliability of the transmission medium. The characteristics of these dialogues are also introduced and discussed.

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Eskol Tiar Sirait ◽  
Rati Sanjaya

COVID-19 has been declared as pandemic by WHO. Indonesian government late to give official statement that made public believe in hoax, rumours, gossip, even propaganda that they got from social media and passed from one group to another. As we know, too much information or shortage of information could lead to confusing messages that eventually increase public distrust towards official statement. Consequently, people resort to social media as the only source of information. As a mass-self communication channel, the credibility of information from this source is problematic. Castell’s mass-self communication made this circle become infodemic that hamstring public trust to government. In this research, we do comparative case study on how countries (China and South Korea) tackle communication problems during the pandemic. This research is significant because it could be a reference model of crisis communication strategy when the country faces a pandemic Relying on mass media analysis and literature review, we find that China’s government uses power to control information circulation while South Korea’s generates public’s participation in social media. Indonesia as a democratic country could use this experience to gain public’s trust by doing Coomb’s SCCT for crisis situation. Doing this, Indonesia is expected to be more prepared to for the crisis communication in the future.Keywords: COVID-19, infodemic, crisis communication, case study ABSTRAKCOVID-19 telah dinyatakan sebagai pandemi oleh WHO. Pemerintah Indonesia terlambat memberikan pernyataan resmi yang membuat publik percaya pada hoax, rumor, gosip, bahkan propaganda yang mereka dapatkan dari media sosial dan diteruskan dari satu kelompok ke kelompok lain. Seperti kita ketahui, informasi yang terlalu banyak atau kekurangan informasi dapat menimbulkan pesan yang membingungkan yang pada akhirnya meningkatkan ketidakpercayaan publik terhadap pernyataan resmi. Akibatnya, masyarakat menggunakan media sosial sebagai satu-satunya sumber informasi. Sebagai saluran komunikasi massa-mandiri, kredibilitas informasi dari sumber ini bermasalah. Komunikasi massa yang dilakukan Castell membuat lingkaran ini menjadi infodemik yang melemahkan kepercayaan publik kepada pemerintah. Dalam penelitian ini, kami melakukan studi kasus komparatif tentang bagaimana negara-negara (China dan Korea Selatan) menangani masalah komunikasi selama pandemi. Penelitian ini penting karena dapat menjadi model referensi strategi komunikasi krisis ketika negara menghadapi pandemi Mengandalkan analisis media massa dan tinjauan pustaka, kami menemukan bahwa pemerintah China menggunakan kekuatan untuk mengontrol peredaran informasi sementara Korea Selatan menghasilkan partisipasi publik di media sosial. Pengalaman ini bisa dimanfaatkan Indonesia sebagai negara demokrasi untuk mendapatkan kepercayaan publik dengan melakukan SCCT Coomb untuk situasi krisis. Dengan begitu, Indonesia diharapkan lebih siap menghadapi krisis komunikasi di masa mendatang.Kata Kunci: COVID-19, infodemik, komunikasi krisis, studi kasus


1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfred A Melendez ◽  
Erik Lorenz Petersen

1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1334-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Day ◽  
H. Zimmermann

2010 ◽  
Vol 121-122 ◽  
pp. 228-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Guo Huan Lou ◽  
Jiong Zhao Yang ◽  
Zheng Yao

Profibus and CAN bus are two kinds of widely used field bus in the industrial control field. However, this two bus protocol conversion devices are not introduced on the market, it can not meet the needs of users. Therefore, the design of a Profibus and CAN protocol translation ngateway is very important. By comparing the OSI reference model, the same points of Profibus and CAN bus can be found, their communication model structure is streamlined by the OSI model, they are only three layers, which makes it possible to interconnect them. This paper designs an embedded protocol conversion gateway, S3C2410 processor is used as main controller, SPC3 and SJA1000 are selected as Profibus and CAN protocol chips. The design has realized Profibus and CAN bus protocol conversion, using this gateway in industrial field can bring certain economic benefits for the enterprise.


2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tuma ◽  
I. Fajfar ◽  
M. Perko ◽  
F. Bratkovič ◽  
J. Puhan

A new local area network (LAN) concept designed for educational purposes is proposed based upon the standard RS232 protocol. The concept enables students to gain hands-on experience of all seven open system interconnection (OSI) layers. The proposed approach to teaching computer networks has proved very popular with students. At the same time students' comprehension of basic OSI concepts has improved considerably.


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