Framework for the Structuring of Distance Education in Higher Education Institutions in the COVID-19 Pandemic Process

The aim of this study is to examine the structure, tasks, and resources of distance education centers of Turkey universities to determine the changes occurring in the centers during the pandemic process by interviews with center employees and to create the framework for the tasks and responsibilities of centers. For this purpose, the organizational structure, tasks, and resources of distance education centers were examined by websites and a variety of documents by content analysis. Then, new tasks, problems, and solutions in the COVID-19 pandemic process were examined with semi-structured interviews with center employees, and changes in the structuring of center were determined. According to results, it is seen that there are more support requests coming to the assessment and evaluation unit than the normal process, communication problems with instructors, slowing and delayed question checks, and technical problems.

Performance in the accuracy task in children with Childhood Apraxia of Speech after an integrated intervention of literacy and motor skills

ABSTRACT Difficult in literacy skills are often seen in children with Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS). This occurs because oral language has direct relationship with reading and writing learning. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance in the accuracy task of an integrated phonoarticulatory awareness, motor skills and literacy intervention of three children with CAS. Three boys between 5;3 and 5;8 years of age, with CAS, were offered 2 hours per week of therapy sessions based on literacy and motor skills. The children were assessed before and after therapy and at a maintenance assessment 1 month after the treatment ceased. The children improved on the accuracy task considering their deficits level. Improvement was maintained at the maintenance assessment. Therapy based on literacy considering phonoarticulatory awareness and motor skills can help children with CAS, but the severity of the children’s communication problems must be taken into consideration.

Juridical Overview of the Syndication Financing Agreement Between Customers and Financial Institutions

Companies need funding for business growth. Syndicated financing is financing in large amounts of funds and projects that require extensive and long-term financing. Syndi-cated financing has grown since the 1960s. Participating financial institutions have compliance and knowledge of syndicated financing agreements. Customers have low compliance and understanding of financing agreements. This discrepancy has given rise to several communication problems, which resulted in legal events. This research aims to examine syndicated financing agreements between financial institutions and customers from the juridical side. This research uses a normative juridical method. This research concludes that the financing agreement is a single agreement between customers and many financial institutions. Financial institutions cannot deal directly with customers in the syndicated financing agreements. The facility agent or trustee represents the financial institution in negotiations with the customer if there is a difference or discrepancy with the financing agreement.

DISCOURSE OF NEUROSIS IN S. PROTSYUK’S NOVEL “ROSE OF RITUAL PAIN”

The purpose of the article is to analyze the mechanism of the emergence and functioning of the discourse of neurosis of Vasyl Stefanyk on the material of the artistic and biographical novel by S. Protsyuk “Rose of Ritual Pain”.Methods of analysis, synthesis, description, interpretation, psychoanalytic methodology, postcolonial reading were used to analyze the set goal.Research results. The novel presents a wide range of artistic psychoanalytic tools – unconscious processes of mental development of the hero, traumas and traumatic events in the life of Vasily Stefanyk, a body of mental inspirations, built on numerous fears, neuroses, pain, a number of associations and suggestions, well-associated images and visionary discourses, indepth archetypes. It was found that neurosis is a natural consequence of the intensified struggle of various incarnations of Vasyl Stefanyk, which he tried to reconcile with each other. Significant aspects of the appearance and functioning of the neurotic state of the hero added children’s trauma, fears, complexes, stress, excessive anxiety. Internal tension and early childhood trauma formed deeply associated images of the beast with the bloody paw and the Bullet of Alarm as fundamental neurotic factors. The Oedipus complex and the conflict between the real idea of oneself and one’s ideal self also significantly developed the neurotic way of life of Vasyl Stefanyk. It is established that the image of Vasyl Stefanyk in the novel is marked by dispersive tension, excessive anxiety, which led to the emergence of a depressive, melancholic and partly infantile worldview. It was found that creativity helped the character to alleviate tension, fears, guilt, sins.Conclusions. The image of Vasyl Stefanyk in the novel is marked by neurosis, the key components of which are excessive anxiety, depression, actually neurotic and mental disorders in behavior, fears and addictions, communication problems, the Oedipus complex, multiple personality. Important psychoanalytic codes for the interpretation of the neurotic type of personality are the deep personal associations of the Bullet of Alarm and the beast with the bloody paw, which express the neurotic discourse of the protagonist’s performance.Key words: neurosis, fear, trauma, anxiety, association. Мета статті – на матеріалі художньо-біографічного роману С. Процюка «Троянда ритуального болю» проаналізувати механізм появи і функціонування дискурсу неврозу Василя Стефаника.Для аналізу поставленої мети використано дослідницькі прийоми систематизації, класифікації та узагальнення, застосовано психоаналітичну методологію, постколоніальне прочитання.Результати дослідження. У романі представлений широкий художній психоаналітичний інструментарій – неусвідомлені процеси психічного розвитку героя, травми і травматичні події у житті Василя Стефаника, корпус душевних інспірацій, розбудованих на численних страхах, неврозах, болях, низка асоціацій і сугестій, вдало засоційованих образів тривоги і неспокою, хитросплетених сновидного й візійного дискурсів, поглибленої архетипіки. Зʼясовано, що невроз є закономірним наслідком утривавленої боротьби різних іпостасей Василя Стефаника, які він намагався примирити між собою. Вагомих аспектів появи і функціонування невротичного стану героя додали дитячі травми, страхи, комплекси, стреси, надмірна тривожність. Внутрішня напруга й рання дитяча травма виформували глибоко засоційовані образи звіра із кривавою пащекою і Кулі Тривоги як засадничих невротичних факторів. Едіпів комплекс і конфлікт між реальним уявленням себе та своїм ідеальним Я також вагомо розвивали невротичний спосіб життєукладу Василя Стефаника. Встановлено, що образ Василя Стефаника в романі відзначається дисперсійною напругою, надмірною тривожністю, що призвело до появи депресійного, меланхолійного і почасти інфантильного світоставлення. Зʼясовано, що творчість допомагала персонажеві притлумлювати напругу, страхи, відчуття провини, гріхи.Висновки. Образ Василя Стефаника в романі маркований неврозом, ключовими складниками якого є надмірна тривога, депресія, власне невротичні і психічні зриви в поведінці, страхи і залежності, проблеми в комунікації, Едіпів комплекс, множинна особистість. Важливими психоаналітичними кодами потрактування невротичного типу особистості є глибинні осібні асоціації Кулі Тривоги та звіра із кривавою пащекою, що увиразнюють невротичний дискурс виповнення головного героя.Ключові слова: невроз, страх, травма, тривога, асоціація.

Nauka języków obcych uczniów z dysfunkcją słuchu

Hearing impaired people have serious communication problems: both with (full) understanding of reality and with learning the first language. In order to counteract communication exclusion, they compensate for the deficiencies with an increased use of other senses. They learn the first language consciously with the help of a speech therapist, compensating for hearing dysfunctions, e.g. wide-angle vision. Karpińska-Szaj calls such learning inclusive; they can be successfully used in teaching foreign languages.

Etika Komunikasi Pejabat Publik dalam Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19

Communication of public officials greatly influences the public to comply with the corona virus disease (Covid-19) health protocol and is positively correlated with the effectiveness of handling Covid-19. Unfortunately, as this study found using descriptive qualitative methods and data collection techniques from credible online media, there are a number of public officials who often make controversial statements about Covid-19 that are not fully based on scientific, accurate data, and empirical facts. In addition to causing ethical communication problems, this has led to pro and contra responses, noise, confusion and disrupts and hinders acceleration in handling the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study recommends that public officials pay attention to and prioritize communication ethics in handling the Covid-19 pandemic so that the Covid-19 pandemic can be controlled, and quickly removed from Indonesian soil.

Lessons Learned: COVID 19 and Individuals Experiencing Homelessness in the Global Context

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has affected all our lives but did not affect all parts of societies equally. This study uses a systematic literature review approach to examine the experiences of homeless populations during COVID-19. Our literature review identified lessons learned and promising practices from the field at a global level, and summarizes academic studies in order to promote future efforts to prepare homeless populations for potential extreme events in the future. Forty-one of 209 articles were selected to prepare this literature review. Following the academic database search, grey literature from various organizations were also identified to enrich the literature results and analysis. Findings from these articles were grouped under three main themes to better illustrate the results: (1) impact of COVID-19 on people experiencing homelessness (PEH), (2) support mechanisms, and (3) promising practices. A comparative approach also was used to examine how PEH responded during two previous pandemics (severe acute respiratory syndrome [SARS] in 2003 and Swine Flu 2009) compared to the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings showed that there was continuous improvement in the disaster preparedness for PEH during COVID-19 when compared to past pandemics. In addition, promising practices have emerged. However, ongoing issues, such as lack of personal protective equipment (PPE), staff shortages, and communication problems, still persist in the field. More research regarding PEH during pandemics is needed, and their voices should be included.

Making the Most of Adversity: A Fully Remote Ecological Momentary Assessment and Actigraphy Study of Hospital Nurses

The COVID-19 pandemic has created challenges and opportunities for research. This is especially true for research on essential workers, such as hospital nurses. In adaptation to the pandemic, the current study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a fully remote study to collect data on psychological and behavioral measures such as daily stress and sleep, utilizing ecological momentary assessments (EMA) and sleep actigraphy. Our remote study protocol was conducted through a web platform that provided detailed video and written instructions regarding the study and facilitated virtual onboarding meetings with participants. Outpatient day shift nurses (n=86) responded to a background survey, 84 of whom completed 14 days of EMA and sleep actigraphy. Feasibility was assessed by compliance rates to the 14-day study protocol. Acceptability was assessed by analyzing qualitative feedback provided during onboarding meetings (n=82). The compliance rates of EMA (91.8%) and actigraphy (97.9%) were high. The EMA compliance was higher than that from a pre-COVID, non-remote study of inpatient day shift nurses from the same hospital (86.6%, p=.030). Themes from content analysis were mostly positive with 51.2% reporting “easy, clear, simple onboarding process” and 16.3% reporting “helpful website”. Only six participants provided solely negative feedback (e.g., “communication problems” or “technical difficulties/preferences”). Our remote study protocol was feasible and well-accepted by nurses. A similar methodology could be used in studies on broader healthcare workers and those caring for aging populations to better understand their unique challenges and develop effective strategies to help them, both during and after the pandemic.