The Aviation Operational Environment

2011 ◽  
pp. 241-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald John Lofaro ◽  
Kevin M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Flight Crew ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
Decision Performance ◽  
Flight Simulators ◽  
And Performance

This chapter will focus on the role of pilot/flightcrew training and performance evaluation in the identification and management of risk, especially while aloft and in changing conditions. The chapter will integrate different- but we posit interrelated, topic areas: First, a decision-making paradigm for flight crew’s use in the operational environment. Second, training and performance evaluation in flight simulators (FS), as well as the design and development of FS scenarios to test decision performance. Third, Relevant Federal Aviation regulations (FAR’s) and approved programs in current pilot/flightcrew training. Fourth, accident investigations; the role and use-value of accident investigation data in flying safety. Finally, the authors will present recommendations for the next steps in the development and use of new and emerging technologies for maximum pilot/flight crew decision performance and safety. This will be done via a collaborative ground-air, automated system and is what we propose to achieve our goal, increasing safety of flight.

scholarly journals Talking Our Way Around Expert Caution: A Rhetorical Analysis of VAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glory Tobiason
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Teacher Evaluation ◽  
Rhetorical Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Education Reforms ◽  
Use Value ◽  
Persuasive Strategies ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
Public Decision

This study turns a rhetorical lens on the debate about how best to use value-added modeling (VAM) in teacher evaluation by addressing the question, Which arguments legitimize the dismissal of expert caution about proposed education reforms? My rhetorical analysis of a corpus of nonacademic texts (e.g., newspapers, magazines, political speeches) reveals three persuasive strategies that function to get around technical concerns about VAM. By pointing out these strategies and explaining how they work, the study disrupts their persuasive potential and suggests a potentially overlooked role of expertise in public decision making.

Hippocampal Theta Activity and Learning: A Reply to Douglas

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 580-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Theta Activity ◽  
Hippocampal Theta Activity ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Hippocampal Theta ◽  
Learning And Performance

Adey and his associates have asserted that theta electrical activity recorded from the hippocampus during learning and performance reflects the role of this structure in information processing, decision making and memory consolidation. This notion was recently questioned by Douglas (1967) who concluded that the tasks employed by Adey and his associates to assess theta activity were tasks which the lesion literature indicated do not requite hippocampal functioning to be learned. The present paper questions Douglas' assertion by describing studies in the lesion literature which demonstrate that the tasks used by Adey and his co-workers may actually require hippocampal functioning to be learned.

scholarly journals How Teacher Characteristics Relate to How Teachers Use Dashboards: Results From Two Case Studies in K-12

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-21
Author(s):  
Anouschka van Leeuwen ◽  
Carolien A. N. Knoop-van Campen ◽  
Inge Molenaar ◽  
Nikol Rummel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Teacher Characteristics ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Teacher Decision Making ◽  
And Performance ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Initial Framework

Teacher dashboards are a specific form of analytics in which visual displays provide teachers with information about their students; for example, concerning student progress and performance on tasks during lessons or lectures. In the present paper, we focus on the role of teacher dashboards in the context of teacher decision-making in K–12 education. There is large variation in teacher dashboard use in the classroom, which could be explained by teacher characteristics. Therefore, we investigate the role of teacher characteristics — such as experience, age, gender, and self-efficacy — in how teachers use dashboards. More specifically, we present two case studies to understand how diversity in teacher dashboard use is related to teacher characteristics. Surprisingly, in both case studies, teacher characteristics were not associated with dashboard use. Based on our findings, we propose an initial framework to understand what contributes to diversity of dashboard use. This framework might support future research to attribute diversity in dashboard use. This paper should be seen as a first step in examining the role of teacher characteristics in dashboard use in K–12 education.

Value analysis system development for water treatment plant maintenance method selection

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1213-1223
Author(s):  
Jong-Won Seo ◽  
Pyung-Ki Jung ◽  
Min-Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
A Value ◽  
Method Selection ◽  
Analysis System

Even though the life span of a water treatment facility is relatively long, the decision-making process related to method selection for repair and reinforcement is generally influenced by an engineer's experience. These decisions should be made systematically after considering facility use, damage features, technical features, reconstruction costs, maintenance costs, and others. The purpose of this study is to provide a value analysis system for the effective selection of repairing and (or) reinforcing methods for water treatment plant concrete structures. Analysis of the concrete structure's damage type and maintenance records allowed the development of a value analysis system for more effective and systematic decision making. Performance evaluation criteria were established using a survey of field professionals as the decision basis. Weight for each performance criterion was determined by using the field personnel survey and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology. The rank rating standard for each performance evaluation criterion was established for each maintenance method type. Finally, an automated system was developed that can give guidance on repair and reinforcement method selection by applying proposed performance indices that are related to the maintenance method selection and the value analysis of the different methods.

Feedback Frequency Effect on Performance Time in Dynamic Decision Making Task

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
Nakkyeong Choi ◽  
Rohae Myung
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Dynamic Decision Making ◽  
Frequency Effect ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Successful Work ◽  
Activation Theory ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Feedback Frequency

Decision support such as feedback has been considered to be crucial for successful work in many important Dynamic Decision Making (DDM) tasks. However, previous research did not consider the effect of feedback frequency on the performance time which, in conjunction with accuracy, is an important measure of the task performance evaluation in DDM. Therefore, in order to accurately evaluate task performance in a DDM, not only the accuracy of performance, but also the time to perform the task should be considered. This paper will examine the effect of feedback frequency on the task performance time in DDM. Drawing from activation theory (Anderson, 2009), we hypothesized that frequent feedback induces cognitive overload, resulting in learning degradation, and thus producing a U-shaped relationship with performance time. In order to test this hypothesis, we have experimented with the DDM simulation where the frequency of feedback was manipulated. The results demonstrate that there is U-shaped relationship between feedback frequency and performance time ( R2= 0.746, p < 0.01). Our findings show that providing excessively frequent feedback to an operator negatively affects performance time.

scholarly journals Decision making and performance of Malaysian rugby sevens referees

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Nizam
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Experience Level ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Performance ◽  
One Way Anova

<p>This study aims to examine the decision making by rugby sevens referees, and its relationship with the referees’ performance. The instruments used in this study are the Rugby Referee Decision Making Test (α=.74) and the Referee Sevens Field Performance Evaluation (α=.94). It was administered to 132 rugby sevens referees (mean age 33.4 + 1.5 years; 132 males) from the Malaysian Rugby Union (MRU), which have been refereeing in 10 rugby sevens tournaments in Malaysia. Descriptive and Inferential statistics (one way ANOVA and Pearson’s Correlation) were employed to analyse the data. Decision Making ( = 24.13, SD= 5.24) and performance ( = 136.45, SD = 4.47) were identified at a moderate level. The findings indicated no significant differences [F= (3, 128) =.246, p&gt;0.05] in the decision making across age level, but there were significant differences [F= (3, 128) =63.159, p&lt;0.05] across experience level. Highly experienced referees scored significantly higher in all decision making constructs compared to less experienced referees. The research findings have revealed a positive and significant relationship between decision making (r= .61, p&lt;.05) and referee performance. In conclusion, the decision making can help rugby sevens referees’ performance, and it is recommended that referees should increase<strong> </strong>the use of decision making in future<strong> </strong>training and assessment. Future research should investigate the effectiveness of decision making interventions in enhancing referees’ performance in the future.</p>

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