Status of Solid Waste Management in Myanmar

2020 ◽  
pp. 223-247
Author(s):  
Premakumara Jagath Dickella Gamaralalage ◽  
Ohnmar May Tin Hlaing ◽  
Aung Myint Maw ◽  
Matthew Hengesbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Treatment And Disposal

Myanmar, the largest country in mainland Southeast Asia, has been facing considerable challenges with the management of solid waste in the recent past because of increasing income and consumption patterns, urban growth, and lack of effective waste management policies, treatment, and disposal methods. Waste management is also a crosscutting issue that touches on many aspects of social and economic development, and as such is widely associated with a range of global challenges including public health, climate change, poverty reduction, food security, resource efficiency, and sustainable production and consumption. This country chapter therefore presents an overview of the current waste management in Myanmar, discusses key challenges and opportunities, and identifies some policy recommendations towards its improvement.

Challenges and opportunities associated with municipal solid waste management

2021 ◽  
pp. 231-258
Author(s):  
Anudeep Nema ◽  
K. Mohammed Bin Zacharia ◽  
Aman Kumar ◽  
Ekta Singh ◽  
Vempalli Sudharsan Varma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Solid Waste Management in Cambodia

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-85
Author(s):  
Ran Yagasa ◽  
Rithy Uch ◽  
Phalla Sam
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Governance Reform ◽  
Slow Pace ◽  
Growth Change ◽  
Treatment And Disposal

Driven by economic development, population growth, change in life style, and consumption patterns, Cambodia is faced with equally rapid increase of solid waste, with MSW disposal amount attaining 1,709,379 tons/year in 2018. Various policy instruments and legislations have been developed over the years in response to this long-existing crisis, which effectively translated into tangible improvements on the ground. But municipalities continue to suffer from weak waste management system including collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal. Resource recovery almost entirely depends on informal sector while efforts for reduce and reuse are still weak, while presenting vast opportunity if effective policies are employed and implemented. The ongoing governance reform involving functional decentralization of waste management service is being implemented although at a slow pace.

Surviving from garbage: the role of informal waste-pickers in a dynamic model of solid-waste management in developing countries

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROCÍO DEL PILAR MORENO-SÁNCHEZ ◽  
JORGE HIGINIO MALDONADO
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Waste Pickers

In developing countries, informal waste-pickers (known as scavengers) play an important role in solid waste management systems, acting in a parallel way to formal waste collection and disposal agents. Scavengers collect, from the streets, dumpsites, or landfills, re-usable and recyclable material that can be reincorporated into the economy's production process. Despite the benefits that they generate to society, waste-pickers are ignored when waste management policies are formulated. The purpose of this paper is to integrate the role of scavengers in a dynamic model of production, consumption, and recovery, and to show that, in an economy producing solid waste, efficiency can be reached using a set of specific and complementary policies: a tax on virgin materials use, a tax on consumption and disposal, and a subsidy to the recovery of material. A numerical simulation is performed to evaluate the impact of these policies on landfill lifetime and natural resource stocks. A discussion on the implementation of these instruments is also included.

scholarly journals Challenges and opportunities associated with waste management in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 160764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Stephen R. Smith ◽  
Geoff Fowler ◽  
Costas Velis ◽  
S. Jyoti Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Waste Dumps ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Key Barrier ◽  
Treatment And Disposal

India faces major environmental challenges associated with waste generation and inadequate waste collection, transport, treatment and disposal. Current systems in India cannot cope with the volumes of waste generated by an increasing urban population, and this impacts on the environment and public health. The challenges and barriers are significant, but so are the opportunities. This paper reports on an international seminar on ‘Sustainable solid waste management for cities: opportunities in South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries’ organized by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute and the Royal Society. A priority is to move from reliance on waste dumps that offer no environmental protection, to waste management systems that retain useful resources within the economy. Waste segregation at source and use of specialized waste processing facilities to separate recyclable materials has a key role. Disposal of residual waste after extraction of material resources needs engineered landfill sites and/or investment in waste-to-energy facilities. The potential for energy generation from landfill via methane extraction or thermal treatment is a major opportunity, but a key barrier is the shortage of qualified engineers and environmental professionals with the experience to deliver improved waste management systems in India.

scholarly journals Municipal solid waste and risk from 1970 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-137
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Araiza-Aguilar ◽  
◽  
Silke Cram-Heydrich ◽  
Naxhelli Ruiz-Rivera ◽  
Oralia Oropeza-Orozco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Reference Framework ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Management Policies

In the field of solid waste management, key concepts such as risk, impact and hazards have been used interchangeably and have had imprecise meanings and scopes; this can lead to a partial or biased vision, for example in relation to municipal solid waste management policies. This paper presents a review of the literature on the theme of municipal solid waste and risk. Analysis of scientific publications from the years 1970 to 2020 shows that the concept of risk in the field of solid waste has been approached from various perspectives and different interpretations. Of all risk components, vulnerability has been the least addressed in the literature, because technical aspects such as hazard modeling predominate in this field. Most of the publications have studied the final disposal stage, since open dumpsites and landfills are still the most common methods for disposing of solid waste. Finally, a reference framework is proposed.

scholarly journals Integrated Waste Management

2015 ◽  
pp. 125-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günay Kocasoy
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
The World ◽  
Integrated Waste Management ◽  
Management Policies

Handling of solid waste has been a serious problem for countries all over the world. Increase in population, change in life standard and life style, industrialization and production of new products contribute to the increase in the amount of solid wastes and consequently the problems generated by them. Developed countries, being aware of the significance of the problems, established regulatory programs, while economically developing countries continued to handle the solid wastes in a very primitive way, such as dumping them into “open dumps.” In these countries recycling activities are mostly carried on by scavengers in a very primitive way. For the protection of the environment and sustainable development, economically developing countries should establish solid waste management policies, plan recycling programs and publish related regulations and by-laws, and strictly control the application of them. This is explored in this chapter.

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