Magnetic Nanoparticles

The magnetic nanoparticles are said to be a class of nanoparticles or nanomaterials that can be manipulated by the help of externally applied magnetic field. These magnetic nanoparticles constitute materials such as nickel, cobalt, iron, and their derivatives. These are normally smaller than 1 µm in diameter possess wide range of properties and attractive characteristics suitable for biomedical such as used as hyperthermia, enhancing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, supplementing tissue engineering efforts, and improving the target-based drug delivery and many other technological applications. In the field of cancer research, the role of nanoparticles and nanotechnology-based methods and novel strategies have been increasing swiftly for cancer identification and cancer therapy. The iron oxide (Fe3O4, γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used for the drug delivery, magnetic nanoparticle-enhanced hyperthermia, and also as MRI contrast agents due to its biocompatibility, low toxicity, etc. lead to the growth of novel biopharmaceutical technologies.

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Magnetism for Drug Delivery, MRI and Hyperthermia Applications: a Review

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac112.86548668 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 8654-8668

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Drug Delivery ◽

Iron Oxide ◽

Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Mri Contrast ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Superparamagnetic nanoparticles contain unique magnetic properties that differ from the bulk materials and are able to function at a cellular level due to their size, shape, and surface characteristics. These features make them attractive candidates for drug delivery systems, thermal mediators in hyperthermia, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the application of iron oxide nanoparticles in cancer diagnosis, drug delivery, treatment, and safety concerns related to these materials are considered, as well. Furthermore, the general principles and challenges of the magnetic behavior of nanoparticles in the field of oncology are also discussed. Firstly, the basic requirements for magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications are outlined. The close link between structure, shape, size, and magnetic characterization are described, which is considered essential for non-invasive imaging modality, innovative magnetic-driven nanocarriers, and treatment based on the overheating. In conclusion, investigation of the toxicity profile of novel nanoparticles is provided, as well. In the current review, the attention is focused on the role of magnetic nanoparticles, especially iron oxide nanoparticles in some bioapplications such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, targeted drug delivery, and magnetic hyperthermia systems.

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Preparation and application of various nanoparticles in biology and medicine

Nanotechnology Development ◽

10.4081/nd.2013.e2 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 2 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vardan Gasparyan

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Drug Delivery ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Optical Properties ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Gold And Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Mri Contrast ◽

Cellular Processes ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The present paper considers prospects for application of various nanoparticles in biology and medicine. Here are presented data on preparation of gold and silver nanoparticles, and effects of shape of these nanoparticles on their optical properties. Application of these nanoparticles in diagnostics, for drug delivery and therapy, and preparation of magnetic nanoparticles from iron and cobalt salts are also discussed. Application of these nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents and as vehicles for drug delivery, and preparation of quantum dots and their application as prospective nanoparticles for multiplex analysis and for visualization of cellular processes will be tackled. Finally, prospects for new types of nanocomposites (metallic nano-shells) will be not overlooked.

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Genetic encoding of targeted MRI contrast agents for in vivo tumor imaging

10.1101/799411 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Simone Schuerle ◽

Maiko Furubayashi ◽

Ava P. Soleimany ◽

Tinotenda Gwisai ◽

Wei Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽

Contrast Agents ◽

Tumor Imaging ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Contrast Effects ◽

Mri Contrast ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Targeted Mri

AbstractTumor-selective contrast agents have the potential to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer using noninvasive imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Such contrast agents can consist of magnetic nanoparticles incorporating functionalities that respond to cues specific to tumor environments. Genetically engineering magnetotactic bacteria to display peptides has been investigated as a means to produce contrast agents that combine the robust image contrast effects of magnetosomes with transgenic targeting peptides displayed on their surface. This work reports the first use of magnetic nanoparticles that display genetically-encoded pH low insertion peptide (pHLIP), a long peptide intended to enhance MRI contrast by targeting the extracellular acidity associated with the tumors. To demonstrate the modularity of this versatile platform to incorporate diverse targeting ligands by genetic engineering, we also incorporated the cyclic αv integrin-binding peptide iRGD into separate magnetosomes. Specifically, we investigate their potential for enhanced binding and tumor imaging both in vitro and in vivo. Our experiments indicate that these tailored magnetosomes retain their magnetic properties, making them well-suited as T2 contrast agents, while exhibiting increased binding compared to wild-type magnetosomes.

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Exceedingly small iron oxide nanoparticles as positive MRI contrast agents

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1620145114 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 114 (9) ◽

pp. 2325-2330 ◽

Cited By ~ 172

Author(s):

He Wei ◽

Oliver T. Bruns ◽

Michael G. Kaul ◽

Eric C. Hansen ◽

Mariya Barch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iron Oxide ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Contrast Agents ◽

Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Mri Contrast ◽

Wide Range ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Medical imaging is routine in the diagnosis and staging of a wide range of medical conditions. In particular, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is critical for visualizing soft tissue and organs, with over 60 million MRI procedures performed each year worldwide. About one-third of these procedures are contrast-enhanced MRI, and gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are the mainstream MRI contrast agents used in the clinic. GBCAs have shown efficacy and are safe to use with most patients; however, some GBCAs have a small risk of adverse effects, including nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), the untreatable condition recently linked to gadolinium (Gd) exposure during MRI with contrast. In addition, Gd deposition in the human brain has been reported following contrast, and this is now under investigation by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). To address a perceived need for a Gd-free contrast agent with pharmacokinetic and imaging properties comparable to GBCAs, we have designed and developed zwitterion-coated exceedingly small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (ZES-SPIONs) consisting of ∼3-nm inorganic cores and ∼1-nm ultrathin hydrophilic shell. These ZES-SPIONs are free of Gd and show a high T1 contrast power. We demonstrate the potential of ZES-SPIONs in preclinical MRI and magnetic resonance angiography.

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Role of Cardiac MRI in Detecting Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Review

Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences ◽

10.24191/jchs.v1i1.5846 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 4

Author(s):

Marymol Koshy ◽

Bushra Johari ◽

Mohd Farhan Hamdan ◽

Mohammad Hanafiah

Keyword(s):

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Genetic Disorder ◽

Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Wide Range ◽

Proper Diagnosis ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Potential Use

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a global disease affecting people of various ethnic origins and both genders. HCM is a genetic disorder with a wide range of symptoms, including the catastrophic presentation of sudden cardiac death. Proper diagnosis and treatment of this disorder can relieve symptoms and prolong life. Non-invasive imaging is essential in diagnosing HCM. We present a review to deliberate the potential use of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in HCM assessment and also identify the risk factors entailed with risk stratification of HCM based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

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Biocompatible dextran-coated gadolinium-doped cerium oxide nanoparticles as MRI contrast agents with high T1 relaxivity and selective cytotoxicity to cancer cells

Journal of Materials Chemistry B ◽

10.1039/d1tb01147b ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anton Popov ◽

Maxim Artemovich Abakumov ◽

Irina Savintseva ◽

Artem Ermakov ◽

Nelly Popova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Contrast Agents ◽

Mri Contrast Agents ◽

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Mri Contrast ◽

Selective Cytotoxicity ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Gd-based complexes are widely used as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. The safety of previously approved contrast agents is questionable and is being re-assessed. The main causes of concern...

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