Discussion of CRD Simulation Results

2022 ◽  
pp. 159-170

The results of the simulations shown in Chapter 10 clearly show the consistent pattern of operation of the Grondona system, buying and selling reserves of commodities in response to changes in market prices as reliably as under a gold standard. This has a range of direct and indirect effects which are discussed in this chapter, including the reliably counter-cyclical timing of changes in the quantity of the CRD's reserves, and the parallel changes in the national money supply, the system's contribution to resisting inflationary pressures, and the effect of a CRD's reserves of a commodity falling to zero. Some remaining uncertainties about the system's operation are also discussed, notably about the foreign exchange market's likely response to the system expanding the money supply when commodity prices are falling.

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana M. Binder ◽  
Martin J. Bourgeois ◽  
Christine M. Shea Adams

Author(s):  
Li Tan ◽  
Hua Deng

This paper did an empirical research on the impact of foreign exchange on the money supply, using Johansen co-integration testand getting a conclusion that the actions are in the same direction.


2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem Gravett

The development of artificial intelligence has the potential to transform lives and work practices, raise efficiency, savings and safety levels, and provide enhanced levels of services. However, the current trend towards developing smart and autonomous machines with the capacity to be trained and make decisions independently holds not only economic advantages, but also a variety of concerns regarding their direct and indirect effects on society as a whole. This article examines some of these concerns, specifically in the areas of privacy and autonomy, state surveillance, and bias and algorithmic transparency. It concludes with an analysis of the challenges that the legal system faces in regulating the burgeoning field of artificial intelligence.


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