A Dynamic Approach to Estimate Receiving Bandwidth for WebRTC

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-33
Author(s):  
Razib Iqbal ◽  
Shervin Shirmohammadi ◽  
Rasha Atwah
Keyword(s):  
Congestion Control ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Round Trip Time ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Dynamic Approach ◽  
Trip Time ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Congestion Control Mechanism

Web Real-Time Communication (WebRTC), drafted by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), enables direct browser-to-browser real-time communication. As its congestion control mechanism, WebRTC uses the Google Congestion Control (GCC) algorithm. But using GCC will limit WebRTC's performance in cases of overusing due to using a fixed decreasing factor, known as alpha (a). In this paper, the authors propose a dynamic alpha model to reduce the receiving bandwidth estimate during overuse as indicated by the overuse detector. Using their proposed model, the receiver can more efficiently estimate its receiving rate in case of overuse. They implemented their model over both unconstrained and constrained networks. Experimental results show noticeable improvements in terms of higher incoming rate, lower Round-Trip Time, and lower packet loss compared to the fixed alpha model.

scholarly journals Coap based Congestion Control Mechanism For Low Power Iot Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 958-962
Keyword(s):  
Congestion Control ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Protocol Stack ◽  
Application Layer ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Trip Time ◽  
Time Out ◽  
Simple Change ◽  
Congestion Control Mechanism ◽  
Better Than

Internet of Things has billions of connected devices into internet. CoAP is a Constrained Protocol used in application layer of IoT Protocol Stack. CoAP is running on top of User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which means that, there is no possibility of congestion control in it, so CoAP is responsible for Congestion control mechanism. UDP has no knowledge on congestion control. IoT has significant resource constraint, due to this there are lots of design challenges in IoT network. This paper proposes a simple change in the CoAP protocol named CoCoA (CoAP Simple Congestion Control / Advance). CoCoA introduces novel Round Trip Time (RTT), VBF (Variable Back off Factor) and aging mechanism to calculate the dynamic and controlled Retransmission Time Out (RTO) for IoT Networks. This paper compared with the existing all the congestion control mechanism and the implementation result shows that the proposed mechanism is better than the existing mechanism in terms of throughput, power consumption, memory foot print and fairness index.

scholarly journals A Smart Collaborative Policy for Mobile Fog Computing in Rural Vitalization

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutong Zhou ◽  
Wei Shi ◽  
Fei Song
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Performance Evaluations ◽  
Round Trip Time ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Trip Time ◽  
Smart Mobile

Mobile Fog Computing (MFC), as a crucial supplement to cloud computing, has its own special traits in many aspects. As smart mobile devices grow and vary in shapes and formats over the years, the need for real-time interactions and an easy-to-use network is imminent. In this paper, we propose a smart collaborative policy for MFC scenarios by considering the target of rural vitalization. The challenges and drawbacks of extending cloud to fog are reviewed at the beginning. Then, the analysis of policy design is presented from the perspectives of feature comparisons, urgent requirements, and possible solutions. The details of policy establishment are introduced with necessary examples. Finally, performance evaluations are provided based on simulation platforms. Validation results related to round trip time and transmission time illustrate the significant improvements of our proposal in certain ways compared to the original candidate, which enables larger deployment in impoverished areas.

scholarly journals BBR-ACD: BBR with Advanced Congestion Detection

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imtiaz Mahmud ◽  
Geon-Hwan Kim ◽  
Tabassum Lubna ◽  
You-Ze Cho
Keyword(s):  
Congestion Control ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Round Trip Time ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Packet Losses ◽  
Recovery Mechanism ◽  
Congestion Detection ◽  
Trip Time ◽  
Drain Time ◽  
Extensive Test

With the aim of improved throughput with reduced delay, Google proposed the bottleneck bandwidth and round-trip time (BBR) congestion control algorithm in 2016. Contrasting with the traditional loss-based congestion control algorithms, it operates without bottleneck queue formation and packet losses. However, we find unexpected behaviour in BBR during testbed experiments and network simulator 3 (NS-3) simulations. We observe huge packet losses, retransmissions, and large queue formation in the bottleneck in a congested network scenario. We believe this is because of BBR’s nature of sending extra data during the bandwidth probing without considering the network conditions, and the lack of a proper recovery mechanism. In a congested network, the sent extra data creates a large queue in the bottleneck, which is sustained due to insufficient drain time. BBR lacks a proper mechanism to detect such large bottleneck queues, cannot comply with the critical congestion situation properly, and results in excessive retransmission problems. Based on these observations, we propose a derivative of BBR, called “BBR with advanced congestion detection (BBR-ACD)”, that reduces the excessive retransmissions without losing the merits. We propose a novel method to determine an actual congestion situation by considering the packet loss and delay-gradient of round-trip time, and implement a proper recovery mechanism to handle such a congestion situation. Through extensive test and NS-3 simulations, we confirmed that the proposed BBR-ACD could reduce the retransmissions by about 50% while improving the total goodput of the network.

Ultrasonic Control of Fastener Tightening Using Varying Wave Speed

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed A. Nassar ◽  
Aditya B. Veeram
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Wave Speed ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Ultrasonic Technique ◽  
Round Trip Time ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
The Real ◽  
Trip Time ◽  
Stress Dependent

A high precision ultrasonic technique and a test apparatus are developed for the real time control of the fastener elongation during the tightening process of bolted joints. This is accomplished by monitoring the propagation of longitudinal ultrasonic waves through the fastener material and the reflection of these waves at the end of the fastener. The round trip time of the longitudinal waves is continuously measured and monitored in real time. Using the wave speed in the fastener material, the change in the round trip time determines the fastener elongation, which creates fastener tension and joint clamp load. The wave speed through the bolt material is stress dependent; hence, it continuously changes as the fastener is being elongated during the tightening process. A varying wave speed algorithm is developed and utilized in order to compensate for wave speed variations. Because the torque-tension relationship in threaded fasteners is highly sensitive to friction variations, the scatter in such relationship is often unacceptable, especially in critical applications. By contrast, the automatic control of the fastener elongation during the tightening process would eliminate the dependence on the torque value as a predictor for the bolt tension. Hence, the new ultrasonic technique for the real-control of the fastener tension, by monitoring its elongation, would significantly enhance the reliability of bolted assemblies.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI KOMUNIKASI FULL DUPLEX MENGGUNAKAN WEB SOCKET PADA SISTEM INFORMASI PENGELOLAAN ANGGARAN UNIVERSITAS ABC

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 603-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husen Husen ◽  
Alam Rahmatulloh ◽  
Heni Sulastri
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Full Duplex ◽  
Round Trip Time ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Trip Time

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai sistem pengelolaan anggaran di Universitas ABC yang didalamnya memuat manajemen pengelolaan anggaran biaya dari setiap bagian mulai dari pengajuan rencana anggaran biaya sampai dengan realisasi anggaran. Data dari hasil pengelolaan anggaran setiap bagian dapat dimonitoring oleh pihak pimpinan, namun dalam penyajian datanya belum real-time sehingga interaksi user dalam monitoring dan analisis data pada sistem kurang interaktif. Saat ini teknologi yang sedang tren pada aplikasi berbasis web yang real-time yaitu web socket (WS). WS dapat menyajikan komunikasi dua arah secara bersamaan (full-duplex). Selain itu menurut beberapa penelitian teknologi WS juga dapat meningkatkan performa sistem menjadi lebih baik. Maka pada penelitian ini akan di terapkan teknologi web socket sehingga proses monitoring data anggaran dapat dilakukan secara real-time dengan menyajikan data tersebut ke dalam bentuk grafik dan persentase. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukan bahwa dengan menggunakan WS nilai perbandingan Round Trip Time (RTT) yaitu 1:135 ms jika dibandingakan ajax, sehingga penggunaan teknologi WS lebih cepat dan performanya jauh lebih baik.Kata kunci: anggaran, full-duplex, monitoring, real-time, web socket.

scholarly journals Kelayakan Penggunaan Protokol WebSocket untuk Presensi Perkuliahan Jurusan Teknik Elektro Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya Berteknologi Quick Response Code

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Nesa Sukoco ◽  
Suroso Suroso ◽  
Ibnu Ziad
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Web Server ◽  
Round Trip Time ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Response Code ◽  
Trip Time ◽  
Quick Response Code

Perkembangan teknologi khususnya di bidang telekomunikasi memberikan perspektif baru untuk menjadikan proses presensi yang sebelumnya dilakukan manual dengan media kertas kini beralih ke penggunaan IT berupa web server sebagai admin dan aplikasi mobile berbasis android dengan teknologi Quick Response code (QR) sebagai client. Proses presensi mahasiswa membutuhkan koneksi yang real time. Salah satu protokol yang mendukung komunikasi real time adalah WebSocket. Protokol WebSocket tersebut digunakan dan dilakukan pengujian berdasarkan skenario yang telah ditentukan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa semakin banyaknya request yang dikirim maka akan berpengaruh terhadap nilai Round Trip Time (RTT) dan request yang mampu dilayani oleh sistem.

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