A Novel Framework of an IOT-Blockchain-Based Intelligent System

With the growing need of technology into varied fields, dependency is getting directly proportional to ease of user-friendly smart systems. The advent of artificial intelligence in these smart systems has made our lives easier. Several Internet of Things- (IoT-) based smart refrigerator systems are emerging which support self-monitoring of contents, but the systems lack to achieve the optimized run time and data security. Therefore, in this research, a novel design is implemented with the hardware level of integration of equipment with a more sophisticated software design. It was attempted to design a new smart refrigerator system, which has the capability of automatic self-checking and self-purchasing, by integrating smart mobile device applications and IoT technology with minimal human intervention carried through Blynk application on a mobile phone. The proposed system automatically makes periodic checks and then waits for the owner’s decision to either allow the system to repurchase these products via Ethernet or reject the purchase option. The paper also discussed the machine level integration with artificial intelligence by considering several features and implemented state-of-the-art machine learning classifiers to give automatic decisions. The blockchain technology is cohesively combined to store and propagate data for the sake of data security and privacy concerns. In combination with IoT devices, machine learning, and blockchain technology, the proposed model of the paper can provide a more comprehensive and valuable feedback-driven system. The experiments have been performed and evaluated using several information retrieval metrics using visualization tools. Therefore, our proposed intelligent system will save effort, time, and money which helps us to have an easier, faster, and healthier lifestyle.

Apps to Promote Computational Thinking Concepts and Coding Skills in Children of Preschool and Pre-Primary School Age

A decade ago, Computational Thinking (CT) and coding were typically considered part of the secondary education programs, as the focus was on programming and algorithm development. The early childhood classroom was not exactly the area expected to find students-developed coding skills. But as has been the case lately, CT and coding have been characterized as fundamental skills of the 21st century, not only for computer scientists but for all citizens. Yet, through the application of developmentally appropriate technologies, the development of coding skills is increasingly possible, and the result may be the advancement of CT fluency or at least familiarity in young age children. Given the enormous success of smart mobile devices and accompanying mobile apps the rationale for this chapter is to investigate if there are apps that provide the children of preschool and pre-primary school age with opportunities to cultivate their foundational coding and CT skills.

ROLE OF ICT IN E-COMMERCE BUSINESS EMERGING

Role of ICT in E-Commerce Business developing are inseparable terms as the e-commerce industry is absolutely dependent on ICT and e-commerce for its operations and intensification. E-commerce is referred to as application of ICT in business and E- commerce. ICT is term which involves usage of computers, including hardware, software, application and networks used to communicate, store and cover the requisite information. The concept of e–Business has been evolving since a number of years and is causative to the economic growth of several developing economies. The approaching for the growth of e-commerce in the developing countries is very high but ICT being the precondition, lack of ICT infrastructure hampers the rate of its growth. The growth of e- commerce is primarily dependent upon the boost in ICT infrastructure. The Smart mobile phone market and Internet diffusion has proved to be a catalyst for growth of ecommerce industry. This paper focus to discuss the role of ICT and ecommerce its services in driving ecommerce industry in developing countries like India and the shift from e-commerce to commerce in large scale in the near future.

Construction of College English Mobile Learning Model Based on Distributed Terminal

The quality of English teaching cannot be separated from the students’s accumulation and mastery of vocabulary, and sufficient vocabulary can ensure that students feel easy and comfortable in the language application. However, there are still some problems in teaching English vocabulary in colleges and universities, such as single presentation method, lack of real context, and other difficulties. With the rapid development of mobile Internet, the share of smart mobile devices among college students has increased, which in turn has laid the foundation for the development of new learning modes. The mobile terminal-mediated learning mode in English classroom teaching has become a hot topic of research nowadays, of which English vocabulary teaching has become a typical example. This paper is designed as a system model of edge computing, in which the user terminal device can connect wirelessly with each MECS and offload the tasks to be processed on the MECS, which helps the user terminal device to process and return the results to the user terminal device. The research in this paper also provides a basis for students’ independent and lifelong learning of English words and for schools’ information technology to serve English vocabulary teaching and learning.

Optimal Offloading for Streaming Applications in Mobile Edge Computing

With the rapid development of smart mobile devices, mobile applications are becoming more and more popular. Since mobile devices usually have constrained computing capacity, computation offloading to mobile edge computing (MEC) to achieve a lower latency is a promising paradigm. In this paper, we focus on the optimal offloading problem for streaming applications in MEC. We present solutions to find offloading policies of streaming applications to achieve an optimal latency. Streaming applications are modeled with synchronous data flow graphs. Two architecture assumptions are considered — with sufficient processors on both the local device and the MEC server, and with a limited number of processors on both sides. The problem is generally NP-complete. We present an exact algorithm and a heuristic algorithm for the former architecture assumption and a heuristic method for the latter. We carry out our experiments on a practical application and thousands of synthetic graphs to comprehensively evaluate our methods. The experimental results show that our methods are effective and computationally efficient.

Application of Smart Mobile Medical Services in Maternal Health Care Management

In order to standardize the health management of pregnant women, improve the health level of pregnant women, and improve the outcome of pregnancy with the help of the smartphone mobile terminal app, the 100 pregnant women who gave birth in the hospital and participated in the management of the health assistant app were selected as the observation group, and the 100 hospitalized pregnant women who did not participate in the management of the app were selected as the control group. The two groups of pregnant women were compared in their knowledge of health care, compliance of prenatal examination, delivery mode, and follow-up rate. The results showed that the observation group was significantly higher than the control group in the knowledge of health care during pregnancy and perinatal period, the rate of natural childbirth, the compliance rate of prenatal examination, and the follow-up rate. After the system was launched, the number of registered pregnant women reached more than 60% of the total number of pregnant women in the hospital, the number of clicks reached more than 2 million times, the number of clinic settlement accounted for more than 30%, and the interpretation rate of fetal heart rate in outpatient and remote clinics reached more than 20%. The diagnosis and treatment process has been significantly improved, and the implementation effect has reached the expectation. O2O maternal and child service mode has been realized through mobile internet technology. It has been proved that the use of smart mobile terminals in the out-of-hospital health care management of pregnant women not only facilitates medical staff to provide timely personalized medical services for pregnant women but also is convenient for pregnant women to obtain health care knowledge through multiple channels, improve the quality of home health management for pregnant women, and effectively improve the pregnancy outcome.

Characterizing Genotype-Specific Rice Architectural Traits Using Smart Mobile App and Data Modeling

The quantity and quality of light captured by a plant’s canopy control many of its growth and development processes. However, light quality-related processes are not very well represented in most traditional and functional–structural crop models, which has been a major barrier to furthering crop model improvement and to better capturing the genetic control and environment modification of plant growth and development. A main challenge is the difficulty in obtaining dynamic data on plant canopy architectural characteristics. Current approaches on the measurement of 3D traits often relies on technologies that are either costly, excessively complicated, or impractical for field use. This study presents a methodology to estimate plant 3D traits using smart mobile app and data modeling. Leaf architecture data on 16 genotypes of rice were collected during two crop seasons using the smart-app PocketPlant3D. Quadratic Bézier curves were fitted to leaf lamina for estimation of insertion angle, elevation angle, and curve height. Leaf azimuth angle distribution, leaf phyllotaxis, canopy leaf angle distribution, and light extinction coefficients were also analyzed. The results could be used for breeding line selection or for parameterizing or evaluating rice 3D architectural models. The methodology opens new opportunities for strengthening the integration of plant 3D architectural traits in crop modeling, better capturing the genetic control and environment modification of plant growth and development, and for improving ideotype-based plant breeding.

A DIY Fabrication Approach for Ultra-Thin Focus-Tunable Liquid Lens Using Electrohydrodynamic Pump

Demand for variable focus lens is increasing these days due to the rapid development of smart mobile devices and drones. However, conventional mechanical systems for lenses are generally complex, cumbersome, and rigid (e.g., for motors and gears). This research proposes a simple and compact liquid lens controlled by an electro hydro dynamics (EHD) pump. In our study, we propose a do-it-yourself (DIY) method to fabricate the low-cost EHD lens. The EHD lens consists of a polypropylene (PP) sheet for the exterior, a copper sheet for the electrodes, and an acrylic elastomer for the fluidic channel where dielectric fluid and pure water are filled. We controlled the lens magnification by changing the curvature of the liquid interface between the dielectric fluid and pure water. We evaluated the magnification performance of the lens. Moreover, we also established a numerical model to characterize the lens performance. We expect to contribute to the miniaturization of focus-tunable lenses.