Wearables for Performance Support and Learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron Havard ◽  
Megan Podsiad
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Performance Support ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Educational Environments ◽  
Psychomotor Learning ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
A Current ◽  
Sensory Communication

Wearables include a variety of body-borne sensory, communication, and computational components that users wear on, under, over the body or within clothing. These mechanisms have potential benefits for: (a) human performance support; and (b) cognitive and psychomotor learning. This review of existing wearable research begins with a historical overview of wearables and then provides the reader with a current and future perspective of their use across a variety of educational environments.

Wearable Computers

2018 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Byron Havard ◽  
Megan Podsiad
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Wearable Computers ◽  
Educational Environments ◽  
Psychomotor Learning ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
K 12 ◽  
A Current

Wearable computers include a variety of body-borne sensory, communication, and computational components that may be worn on the body, under, over, or within clothing. These mechanisms have potential benefits for (a) human performance support, (b) cognitive and psychomotor learning, and (c) K-12 educational environments. This chapter begins with a historical overview of wearable computers and then provides the reader with a current and future perspective of their use across a variety of educational environments.

Wearable Computers

2017 ◽  
pp. 356-365
Author(s):  
Byron Havard ◽  
Megan Podsiad
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Wearable Computers ◽  
Educational Environments ◽  
Psychomotor Learning ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
K 12 ◽  
A Current

Wearable computers include a variety of body-borne sensory, communication, and computational components that may be worn on the body, under, over, or within clothing. These mechanisms have potential benefits for (a) human performance support, (b) cognitive and psychomotor learning, and (c) K-12 educational environments. This chapter begins with a historical overview of wearable computers and then provides the reader with a current and future perspective of their use across a variety of educational environments.

A Current Review of Human Factors and Ergonomic Intervention With Exoskeletons

2018 ◽  
pp. 217-246
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Schnieders ◽  
Richard T. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Military ◽  
And Training ◽  
A Current

Research and development of exoskeletons began as early as the 1960s. Recent advancement in technology has spurred a further research into the field specifically at rehabilitation and human performance augmentation. Human performance augmenting exoskeletons find use in the military, emergency services, industrial and space applications, and training. Rehabilitation exoskeletons assist in posture support and replacing lost function. Exoskeleton research is broadly broken up in this chapter by anthropometry: lower body, upper body, and extremities. The development for various anthropometry has their own unique set of challenges. This chapter provides a brief history, discusses current trends in research, looks at some of the technology involved in development, the potential benefits of using exoskeletons, and looks at the possible future improvements in research.

A Current Review of Human Factors and Ergonomic Intervention With Exoskeletons

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-34
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Schnieders ◽  
Richard T. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Military ◽  
And Training ◽  
A Current

Research and development of exoskeletons began as early as the 1960s. Recent advancement in technology has spurred a further research into the field specifically at rehabilitation and human performance augmentation. Human performance augmenting exoskeletons find use in the military, emergency services, industrial and space applications, and training. Rehabilitation exoskeletons assist in posture support and replacing lost function. Exoskeleton research is broadly broken up in this chapter by anthropometry: lower body, upper body, and extremities. The development for various anthropometry has their own unique set of challenges. This chapter provides a brief history, discusses current trends in research, looks at some of the technology involved in development, the potential benefits of using exoskeletons, and looks at the possible future improvements in research.

scholarly journals Lung Ultrasound Imaging, a Technical Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libertario Demi ◽  
Thomas Egan ◽  
Marie Muller
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Ultrasound Method ◽  
Technical Review ◽  
Technical Developments ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Physical Phenomena

Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a growing and fascinating field of application for ultrasound imaging. Despite the difficulties in imaging an organ largely filled with air, the potential benefits originating from an effective ultrasound method focusing on monitoring and diagnosing lung diseases represent a tremendous stimulus for research in this direction. This paper presents a technical review where, after a brief historical overview, the current limitations of LUS imaging are discussed together with a description of the physical phenomena at stake. Next, the paper focuses on the latest technical developments of LUS.

Galvanotropic Reactions of Polycelis nigra in Relation to Inherent Electrical Polarity

1927 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-88
Author(s):  
J. ARMITAGE ROBERTSON
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
The Body ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Forward Movement ◽  
Electrical Currents ◽  
Turning Mechanism ◽  
Electrical Polarity ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Physiological Gradients ◽  
A Current

The galvanotropic reactions of Polycelis nigra were investigated in constant and "intermittent" (that is, a current showing slight commutator ripple) electrical currents, varying in strength from one to about ten milliamperes. Galvanotropic reactions were most readily forthcoming at about 2 m.a. constant current, higher current strengths producing signs of discomfort or rigor, and intermittent current being slightly more effective in producing such disturbances than constant current. As a rule, Polycelis places itself longitudinally, with head facing the kathode, and moves thither by means of looping, its normal gliding motion being in abeyance. If facing the kathode on application of the current, it simply loops forward, but if moving parallel to the electrodes it turns its anterior end first, and then movesmore or less directly towards the kathode. If previously facing the anode, a turn in the direction of the kathode is usually accomplished only after more or less headwaving and apparent difficulty or hesitation. Decapitate animals, if facing the anode in the current, at some time or other almost invariably loop backwards to the kathode, tail foremost, for a varying number of times, before turning their anterior end to the kathode and orientating normally. This was never observed in normal animals. Decaudate animals behave like unmutilated individuals. Decapitate-and-decaudate Polycelis (middle-pieces) reactin the same manner as do decapitate specimens, i.e. show backward looping. Longitudinal halves of Polycelis are usually curved towards the injured side, and show little or no movement, either in or out of the current; it is supposed that this curvature is mechanical and the result of the injury. Higher amperages (above 2 m.a.) produce, progressively, cessation of forward movement with twisting and apparent discomfort, and, finally, flattening of the kathodic end of the body. This last reaction is often accompanied by various postures, presumably the result of arrested movement. An explanation of these reactions, in normal and unmutilated animals, is attempted, based on the supposed interaction of the experimental current with the external portion of an inherent electrical circuit. If this inherent circuit be obstructed it is suggested that the metabolic activities, with which it is apparently correlated, are to some extent upset. Further, that to avoid this derangement, and concomitant malaise, the animals orientate themselves so that the experimental current does not flow counter to the external portion of their inherent circuit; that the turning mechanism of the flanks which affects this orientation can be explained upon similar grounds; finally that backward looping can be explained as a transference of control or dominance to the tail end, due to the combined inhibitory action of mutilation and of a contrary experimental current upon the normal physiological gradients at the anterior end. A variety of points related to the theory, and some cases of galvanotropism bearing on the work, together with their theoretical explanations, are discussed.

scholarly journals Load carriage, human performance, and employment standards

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (6 (Suppl. 2)) ◽  
pp. S131-S147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel A.S. Taylor ◽  
Gregory E. Peoples ◽  
Stewart R. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Load Carriage ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Physiological Strain ◽  
Employment Standards ◽  
Heavy Loads ◽  
External Loads

The focus of this review is on the physiological considerations necessary for developing employment standards within occupations that have a heavy reliance on load carriage. Employees within military, fire fighting, law enforcement, and search and rescue occupations regularly work with heavy loads. For example, soldiers often carry loads >50 kg, whilst structural firefighters wear 20–25 kg of protective clothing and equipment, in addition to carrying external loads. It has long been known that heavy loads modify gait, mobility, metabolic rate, and efficiency, while concurrently elevating the risk of muscle fatigue and injury. In addition, load carriage often occurs within environmentally stressful conditions, with protective ensembles adding to the thermal burden of the workplace. Indeed, physiological strain relates not just to the mass and dimensions of carried objects, but to how those loads are positioned on and around the body. Yet heavy loads must be borne by men and women of varying body size, and with the expectation that operational capability will not be impinged. This presents a recruitment conundrum. How do employers identify capable and injury-resistant individuals while simultaneously avoiding discriminatory selection practices? In this communication, the relevant metabolic, cardiopulmonary, and thermoregulatory consequences of loaded work are reviewed, along with concomitant impediments to physical endurance and mobility. Also emphasised is the importance of including occupation-specific clothing, protective equipment, and loads during work-performance testing. Finally, recommendations are presented for how to address these issues when evaluating readiness for duty.

Mobile Community Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 1068-1087
Author(s):  
Vijayan Sugumaran ◽  
Shriram Raghunathan ◽  
K. Vivekanandan
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Community Networks ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Community Network ◽  
Processing Power ◽  
Mobile Community ◽  
Collaboration And Communication ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
A Current

The evolution of mobile devices has opened new opportunities for collaboration and communication. Instant connectivity, portability, rapidly reducing costs, etc. are some of the drivers for this change. Mobile devices have lower processing power, memory capabilities, deal with varying network conditions and the available power is less. Notwithstanding the above, mobile communities have emerged as a significant domain of research in their own right akin to the online (virtual) communities. This article traces the factors contributing to the proliferation of mobile communities and places the mobile community networks in a current and future perspective. An architecture for the mobile community network is proposed and the challenges in implementing such a network are also discussed.

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