scholarly journals Comprehension, Perception, and Projection

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Wendy Rowan ◽  
Yvonne O'Connor ◽  
Laura Lynch ◽  
Ciara Heavin
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
User Perceptions ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Decision Satisfaction ◽  
Political Technology ◽  
Future Consequences

Health social networks (HSNs) allow individuals with health information needs to connect and discuss health-related issues online. Political-technology intertwinement (e.g. GDPR and Digital Technology) highlights that users need to be aware, understand, and willing to provide electronic consent (eConsent) when sharing personal information online. The objective of this study is to explore the ‘As-Is’ factors which impact individuals’ decisional autonomy when consenting to the privacy policy (PP) and Terms and Conditions (T&Cs) on a HSN. We use a Situational Awareness (SA) lens to examine decision autonomy when providing eConsent. A mixed-methods approach reveals that technical and privacy comprehension, user perceptions, and projection of future consequences impact participants’ decision autonomy in providing eConsent. Without dealing with the privacy paradox at the outset, decision awareness and latterly decision satisfaction is negatively impacted. Movement away from clickwrap online consent to customised two-way engagement is the way forward for the design of eConsent.

Risk Assessment vs. Right to Privacy: The Access to Health Information on the Insurance Candidate through Questionnaires and the Right to Privacy

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Maria Inês de Oliveira Martins
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Right To Privacy ◽  
The Right To Privacy ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Principle Of Proportionality ◽  
The Right

Abstract The need of private insurers for information on the candidate’s health risks is recognized by the law, which places pre-contractual duties of disclosure upon the candidates. When the risks are influenced by health factors, e.g. in the case of life- and health insurances, it implies the provision of health information by the candidates, who thus voluntarily limit their right to privacy. This consent, however, often happens in a context of factual coercion to contract. Next to this, from a legal standpoint, the collection of personal information must respond to the principle of proportionality. Against this background, this article assesses the compatibility of questionnaire techniques that rely on open-ended health related questions with the right to privacy, as protected by Portuguese and international law. It then analyses the extent of pre-contractual duties of disclosure as defined by the Portuguese Insurance Act, which requires the candidate to volunteer all the relevant information independently of being asked for it. In doing so, the article also refers to some other European countries. It concludes that the relevant Portuguese legislation is incompatible both with Portuguese constitutional law and with international law.

scholarly journals Voice Technologies to Support Aging in Place: Opportunities and Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 317-318
Author(s):  
Alisha Pradhan ◽  
Amanda Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Aging In Place ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Actual Usage ◽  
Desktop Computers ◽  
Visual Interaction ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology

Abstract Technology to support aging in place has been a topic of interest. Research indicates that older adults are increasingly using commercially available voice assistants in smart speakers. These devices enable non-visual interaction that does not require extensive expertise with traditional mobile or desktop computers, thus offering new possibilities of access to digital technology. We conducted two different studies with individuals aged 65 years old or above—a three week smart speaker deployment study with individuals who did not use computing devices regularly and a workshop on customizing internet of things technology with tech savvy individuals. Our findings indicate specific ways that these voice technologies might support aging in place, including ease of use and due to their not being identified with aging-specific technologies. We observed that participants consistently used their voice agent for finding online information, particularly health-related, emphasizing the need to revisit concerns about credibility of information with this new interaction medium. And, although features to support memory (e.g., setting timers, reminders) were initially perceived as useful, the actual usage was unexpectedly low due to reliability concerns. Our work provides a basis to understand older adults’ perceptions and usage of current voice technologies. We also identify opportunities for customizing voice technologies to better support aging in place.

Gender, knowledge and motivation for wine purchasing

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Peixeira Marques ◽  
Ana Teresa Bernardo Guia
Keyword(s):  
Information Search ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Alternative Formulation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Subjective Knowledge

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to verify if the gender effects described in the wine consumer behaviour literature, namely, concerning information search and the motivations to buy, may be explained by the mediating effect of subjective knowledge, taking into consideration that the importance of knowledge in the decision process is gender specific. Design/methodology/approach A path analysis was modelled with an exogenous variable (gender), a mediating variable (subjective knowledge) and four dependent variables (need for information and three motivational dimensions). The model was assessed with empirical data obtained from a sample of 523 shoppers in large supermarkets in the areas of Lisbon and Oporto, Portugal. Structured interviews were conducted at checkout, collecting information on the relevant variables. Scales measuring the latent variables (knowledge, information and motivation) were previously validated through confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 217 wine consumers. Findings Subjective knowledge fully mediates the effects of gender on motivation and information needs. Men think of themselves as more knowledgeable in wines and the mediation effect explains why, compared to women, they use less personal information sources and are more motivated to purchase wine. Practical implications The authors suggest promotion programmes in large supermarkets focussing on opportunities for wine knowledge development. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature by introducing and validating an alternative formulation of gender effects on wine shopping, emphasising the role of the purchaser’s perceived or subjective knowledge.

scholarly journals Reflecting on personal data in a health course: Integrating wearable technology and ePortfolio for eHealth

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Sobko ◽  
Gavin Brown
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Health Course ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Literacy Scores

Activity trackers (ATs) equipped with biometric sensors may support deep knowledge acquisition of health and active learning. The mechanism may be via personal data being pushed to the students, which deepens the knowledge about their own health and may impact long-term health action processes. To understand health knowledge acquisition, 43 students attending an undergraduate university course were equipped with an AT over a period of five months. Weekly observation on emerging personal data and consequent actions (lifestyle adaptations) were reflected in an individual course-related ePortfolio. Students’ change in health action process was assessed using a short standard eHealth literacy scale at the beginning and end of the course. The usability of ePortfolio tool was tested with two previously validated scales. The combination of personal information from an AT and ePortfolio may have enhanced students’ critical assessment of health-related personal and available digital information. eHealth literacy scores significantly increased by the end of the course (p < .01). The ePortfolio helped with learning, and the usability of the ePortfolio did not really interfere. The combination of AT and ePortfolio constitutes a novel and productive method of using ePortfolios in higher education in regards to eHealth literacy acquisition.

Globalizing adolescence: Digital music cultures and music therapy

2019 ◽  
pp. 217-224
Author(s):  
Michael Viega
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Youth Culture ◽  
First Century ◽  
Digital Music ◽  
Digital Production ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Person Experience

Since the beginning of the twenty-first century, digital technology has connected adolescents to a global youth culture that subverts and bypasses traditional means of consuming music. In health-related contexts, adolescents can use digital tools to sample, edit, layer, manipulate, and record their own soundscapes, which allows them to have agency over their own narratives and share them with others. Concurrently, therapists acquire empathy for the lived experience of an adolescent by understanding the use of, and attuning to, the digital production components of songs used and created in therapy. Using the author’s first-person experience with digital technology and adolescents in music therapy, this chapter investigates the evolving role of digital music and media for both adolescents and therapists, exploring the ways it can (re)connect youth to a global community and have their voices heard.

User-Centric Similarity and Proximity Measures for Spatial Personalization

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanwu Yang ◽  
Christophe Claramunt ◽  
Marie-Aude Aufaure ◽  
Wensheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Mobile Environments ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Semantic Domain ◽  
User Centric ◽  
Proximity Measures

Spatial personalization can be defined as a novel way to fulfill user information needs when accessing spatial information services either on the web or in mobile environments. The research presented in this paper introduces a conceptual approach that models the spatial information offered to a given user into a user-centered conceptual map, and spatial proximity and similarity measures that considers her/his location, interests and preferences. This approach is based on the concepts of similarity in the semantic domain, and proximity in the spatial domain, but taking into account user’s personal information. Accordingly, these spatial proximity and similarity measures could directly support derivation of personalization services and refinement of the way spatial information is accessible to the user in spatially related applications. These modeling approaches are illustrated by some experimental case studies.

A study of the use of simulated work task situations in interactive information retrieval evaluations

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Borlund
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Work Task ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interactive Information Retrieval ◽  
Test Instrument ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report a study of how the test instrument of a simulated work task situation is used in empirical evaluations of interactive information retrieval (IIR) and reported in the research literature. In particular, the author is interested to learn whether the requirements of how to employ simulated work task situations are followed, and whether these requirements call for further highlighting and refinement. Design/methodology/approach – In order to study how simulated work task situations are used, the research literature in question is identified. This is done partly via citation analysis by use of Web of Science®, and partly by systematic search of online repositories. On this basis, 67 individual publications were identified and they constitute the sample of analysis. Findings – The analysis reveals a need for clarifications of how to use simulated work task situations in IIR evaluations. In particular, with respect to the design and creation of realistic simulated work task situations. There is a lack of tailoring of the simulated work task situations to the test participants. Likewise, the requirement to include the test participants’ personal information needs is neglected. Further, there is a need to add and emphasise a requirement to depict the used simulated work task situations when reporting the IIR studies. Research limitations/implications – Insight about the use of simulated work task situations has implications for test design of IIR studies and hence the knowledge base generated on the basis of such studies. Originality/value – Simulated work task situations are widely used in IIR studies, and the present study is the first comprehensive study of the intended and unintended use of this test instrument since its introduction in the late 1990’s. The paper addresses the need to carefully design and tailor simulated work task situations to suit the test participants in order to obtain the intended authentic and realistic IIR under study.

scholarly journals Security Risk Measurement for Information Leakage in IoT-Based Smart Homes from a Situational Awareness Perspective

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mookyu Park ◽  
Haengrok Oh ◽  
Kyungho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Smart Home ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Information Leakage ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Iot Security ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Iot Devices

Internet-of-Things (IoT) is a technology that is extensively being used in various fields. Companies like Samsung, LG, and Apple are launching home appliances that use IoT as a part of their smart home business. Currently, Intelligent Things which combine artificial intelligence (AI) and IoT are being developed. Most of these devices are configured to collect and respond to human behavior (motion, voice, etc.) through built-in sensors. If IoT devices do not ensure high security, personal information could be leaked. This paper describes the IoT security threats that can cause information leakage from a hierarchical viewpoint of cyberspace. In addition, because these smart home-based IoT devices are closely related to human life, considering social damage is a problem. To overcome this, we propose a framework to measure the risk of IoT devices based on security scenarios that can occur in a smart home.

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