scholarly journals Light interception, leaf area and biomass production as a function of the density of maize plants analyzed using mathematical models

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomás Aquino Portes ◽  
Hyrandir Cabral de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Maize Plants

scholarly journals Nutrient Loaded Biochar Doubled Biomass Production in Juvenile Maize Plants (Zea mays L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte C. Dietrich ◽  
Md Arifur Rahaman ◽  
Ana A. Robles-Aguilar ◽  
Sajid Latif ◽  
Kiatkamjon Intani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Substrate Properties ◽  
Total Plant Biomass ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Maize Plants

Biochars have long been associated with elevating plant productivity. An increasing number of studies, however, report that char application might also impair plant nutrient availability and reduce yields. In particular, char accompanying compounds as well as a hypothesized immobilization of nitrogen have been identified as playing a significant role in possibly diminishing plant productivity following char application. Herein, we tested the fertilizing effects of modified biochars in order to derive knowledge required to develop tailor-made chars, which predictably affect plant nutrition. Slow-pyrolysis maize cob biochar was modified by washing with either ethanol or hydrochloric acid to remove ash and organic compounds or by loading it with nutrient-rich residues in the form of digestate from the bioenergy sector. Maize plants were grown for 35 days on biochar-amended sand. We analyzed both substrate properties (pH, total carbon, and nitrogen, available magnesium and potassium) and plant functional traits (biomass, leaf area, root to shoot ratio, specific leaf area). Our results suggest that total plant biomass production remained unaffected by the application of biochar and its washed forms. Contrastingly, nutrient-loaded biochar induced a significant increase in productivity at similar nutrient levels due to improved plant nutrient uptake. Further research is required to understand the role of biochar modifications that facilitated improvements in plant productivity.

scholarly journals Dynamics of light interception, leaf area and biomass production in Populus clones in the establishment year

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 515s-518s ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Scarascia-Mugnozza ◽  
J. G. Isebrands ◽  
T. M. Hinckley ◽  
R. F. Stettler
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Light Interception

scholarly journals Adding Far-Red to Red-Blue Light-Emitting Diode Light Promotes Yield of Lettuce at Different Planting Densities

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqing Jin ◽  
Jorge Leigh Urbina ◽  
Ep Heuvelink ◽  
Leo F. M. Marcelis
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Light Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency

The economic viability and energy use of vertical farms strongly depend on the efficiency of the use of light. Increasing far-red radiation (FR, 700–800 nm) relative to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400–700 nm) may induce shade avoidance responses including stem elongation and leaf expansion, which would benefit light interception, and FR might even be photosynthetically active when used in combination with PAR. The aims of this study are to investigate the interaction between FR and planting density and to quantify the underlying components of the FR effects on growth. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa cv. Expertise RZ) was grown in a climate chamber under two FR treatments (0 or 52 μmol m–2 s–1) and three planting densities (23, 37, and 51 plants m–2). PAR of 89% red and 11% blue was kept at 218 μmol m–2 s–1. Adding FR increased plant dry weight after 4 weeks by 46–77% (largest effect at lowest planting density) and leaf area by 58–75% (largest effect at middle planting density). Radiation use efficiency (RUE: plant dry weight per unit of incident radiation, 400–800 nm) increased by 17–42% and incident light use efficiency (LUEinc: plant dry weight per unit of incident PAR, 400–700 nm) increased by 46–77% by adding FR; the largest FR effects were observed at the lowest planting density. Intercepted light use efficiency (LUEint: plant dry weight per unit of intercepted PAR) increased by adding FR (8–23%). Neither specific leaf area nor net leaf photosynthetic rate was influenced by FR. We conclude that supplemental FR increased plant biomass production mainly by faster leaf area expansion, which increased light interception. The effects of FR on plant dry weight are stronger at low than at high planting density. Additionally, an increased LUEint may contribute to the increased biomass production.

Impact of an Open Trellis on Canopy Growth, Light Interception, Yield, and Leaf Physiology of Red Raspberry (Rubus idaeus)

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 468b-468
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Klauer ◽  
J. Scott Cameron ◽  
Chuhe Chen
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Leaf Physiology ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Upper Third

After promising results were obtained with an open-style split trellis (two top wires) in its initial year, two new trials were established in 1997 in northwest (Lynden) and southwest (Woodland) Washington. For the split trellis, actual yields were 33% (machine-picked 1/2 season) and 17% (hand-picked) greater, respectively, for the two locations compared to the conventional trellis (one top wire). In Woodland, canes from the split trellis had 33% more berries, 55% more laterals, 69% more leaves, and 25% greater leaf area compared with the conventional trellis. Greatest enhancement of these components was in the upper third of the canopy. Laterals were also shorter in this area of the split canopy, but there was no difference in average total length of lateral/cane between trellis types. Total dry weight/cane was 22% greater in the split trellis, but component partitioning/cane was consistent between the two systems with fruit + laterals (43%) having the greatest above-ground biomass, followed by the stem (30% to 33%) and the leaves (21% to 22%). Measurement of canopy width, circumference, and light interception showed that the split-trellis canopy filled in more quickly, and was larger from preanthesis through postharvest. Light interception near the top of the split canopy was 30% greater 1 month before harvest with 98% interception near the top and middle of that canopy. There was no difference between the trellis types in leaf CO2 assimilation, spectra, or fluorescence through the fruiting season, or in total nitrogen of postharvest primocane leaves.

Leaf Area Development, Light Interception, and Yield among Switchgrass Populations in a Short‐Season Area

Crop Science ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 827-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. C. Madakadze ◽  
B. E. Coulman ◽  
P. Peterson ◽  
K. A. Stewart ◽  
R. Samson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Area Development ◽  
Leaf Area Development

scholarly journals Modeling light interception and distribution in mixed canopy of common cocklebur (Xanthium stramarium) in competition with corn

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Vazin ◽  
M. Hassanzadeh ◽  
A. Madani ◽  
M. Nassiri-Mahallati ◽  
M. Nasri
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Extinction Coefficient ◽  
Distribution Density ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Parabolic Function ◽  
Triangular Function ◽  
Height Model

The aim of this study was to model light interception and distribution in the mixed canopy of Common cocklebur (Xanthium stramarium) with corn. An experiment was conducted in factorial arrangement on the basis of randomized complete blocks design with three replications in Gonabad in 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 seasons. The factors used in this experiment include corn density of 7.5, 8.5 and 9.5 plants per meter of row and density of Common cocklebur of zero, 2, 4, 6 and 8 plants per meter of row. INTERCOM model was used through replacing parabolic function with triangular function of leaf area density. Vertical distribution of the species' leaf area showed that corn has concentrated the most leaf area in layer of 80 to 100 cm while Common cocklebur has concentrated in 35-50 cm of canopy height. Model sensitivity analysis showed that leaf area index, species' height, height where maximum leaf area is seen (hm), and extinction coefficient have influence on light interception rate of any species. In both species, the distribution density of leaf area at the canopy length fit a triangular function, and the height in which maximum leaf area was observed was changed by change in density. There was a correlation between percentage of the radiation absorbed by the weed and percentage of corn seed yield loss (r² = 0.89). Ideal type of corn was determined until the stage of tasseling in competition with weed. This determination indicates that the corn needs more height and leaf area, as well as less extinction coefficient to successfully fight against the weed.

scholarly journals Modelos alométricos na determinação da área foliar de Bauhinia monandra Kurz

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Edilson Romais Schmildt ◽  
Omar Schmildt ◽  
Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre ◽  
Adriano Alves Fernandes ◽  
Marcio Paulo Czepak
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Potential Model ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Potential Models ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Area Determination

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the adjustment of mathematical models for determining Bauhinia monandra leaf area using the length and/or width of the leaves as independent variables. Leaves from plants with three years were used to the estimative of equations in linear, quadratic and potential models. The validation from the estimated leaf area as a function of the observed leaf area showed that the linear model based on the product of length and width of the largest leaf surface is the model that best fits. However, the leaf area determination can be represented by using only the length or width of the leaves with little loss of accuracy. A representation that better estimates Bauhinia monandra leaf area with easy application is the potential model in which xi represents the length of one of the symmetrical leaf lobes.

Interrelationship Between Leaf Area, Light Interception and Growth Rate in a Soybean-wheat System

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 605-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansab Ali ◽  
Daniel L. Jeffers . ◽  
Paul R. Henderlong .
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Light Interception

scholarly journals Impact of Different Barley-Based Cropping Systems on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Barley Growth under Conventional and Conservation Tillage Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naeem ◽  
Noman Mehboob ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Shahid Farooq ◽  
Shahid Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Area Index

This two-year study observed the influence of various barley-based cropping systems on soil physicochemical properties, allometric traits and biomass production of barley sown under different tillage systems. Barley was cultivated in different cropping systems (CS), i.e., fallow-barley (fallow-B), maize-barley (maize-B), cotton-barley (cotton-B), mungbean-barley (mungbean-B) and sorghum-barley (sorghum-B) under zero tillage (ZT), minimum tillage (MT), strip tillage (ST), conventional tillage (CT) and bed-sowing (BS). Interaction between different CS and tillage systems (TS) positively influenced soil bulk density (BD), total porosity, available phosphorus (P), ammonical and nitrate nitrogen (NH4-N and NO3-N), available potassium (K), allometric traits and biomass production of barley. The highest soil BD along with lower total porosity were noted in ZT leading to lesser leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), specific leaf area (SLA), crop growth rate (CGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) of barley. Nonetheless, bed-sown barley produced the highest biomass due to better crop allometry and soil physical conditions. The highest postharvest soil available P, NH4-N, NO3-N, and K were recorded for zero-tilled barley, while BS followed by CT recorded the lowest nutrient contents. Barley in mungbean-B CS with BS produced the highest biomass, while the lowest biomass production was recorded for barely sown in fallow-B cropping system with ZT. In conclusion, barley sown after mungbean (mungbean-B cropping system) with BS seems a pragmatic choice for improving soil fertility and subsequently soil health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document