scholarly journals Investigation on a Novel Sensing Technology for the Detection of Blood Coagulation Based on Liquid Resonance Characteristics

2011 ◽  
Vol 2-3 ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Ping Liu ◽  
Qi Zhou ◽  
Guo Ming Chen

Based on the liquid resonance principle, a novel sensing technology for detecting the blood coagulation was proposed. The course of blood coagulation can alter its inherent properties, such as viscosity and density. As a result, liquid resonance frequency of blood will change with the blood agglomeration. A gold-plated Interdigital Electrode (IDE) was fabricated and a detection system was designed for the acquisition of the frequency. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was measured using the IDE and the detection system. For four volunteers, the activated partial thromboplastin time measured is 22-37 seconds, which are consistent with the reference value 22-38 seconds. The results indicated that the liquid resonance frequency can characterize the course of blood coagulation.

1984 ◽  
Vol 12 (01n04) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jih-Pyang Wang ◽  
Mei-Feng Hsu ◽  
Che-Ming Teng

Bleeding time in rats was markedly prolonged after the adminstration of the water extract of Hsien-Ho-T'sao. This antihemostatic effect was more marked in the group of i.p. injection of the drug than in the group of p.o. administration for 2 to 7 consecutive days. Blood coagulation studies showed that plasma prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and stypven time were prolonged, while thrombin time adnd fibrinogen level were not changed. The thromboelastographic recording showed that reation time was prolonged and maximal elasticity of clot was decreased. In addition, ADP- and collagen- induced aggregations of platelet-rich plasma was suppressed. In conclusion, the prolongation of the bleeding time might be due to both anticoagulant and antiplatelet action of the drug.


1984 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 666-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. O'Brodovich ◽  
M. Andrew ◽  
G. W. Gray ◽  
G. Coates

Acute decompression is associated with a shortening of the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). This study was performed to examine whether this change in aPTT results from hypoxia or hypobaria. We exposed healthy adults on three separate occasions to 2 h of 1) hypoxic hypobaria (410 Torr, n = 5), 2) hypoxic normobaria (fractional inspired O2 tension = 0.11, n = 4), or 3) normoxic hypobaria (410 Torr breathing supplemental O2, n = 5). The aPTT shortened during hypoxic hypobaria and hypoxic normobaria (P less than 0.05) but was unchanged during normoxic hypobaria. The prothrombin and thrombin times, hematocrit, and concentrations of fibrinogen, total plasma protein, and fibrinogen-fibrin fragment E were unchanged. During hypoxic hypobaria biologic levels of prekallikrein, high-molecular-weight kininogen, and factors XII, XI, X, VII, V, and II were unchanged, but procoagulant VIII (VIII:C) increased 50% without an increase in VIII-related antigen levels (VIIIR:Ag). Fibrin monomer was not detected in any group. In one subject who became ill after 1.5 h of hypoxic normobaria aPTT shortened by 10 s; the platelet count decreased by 93,000/mm3; VIII:C increased fivefold, but VIIIR:Ag only increased three-fold. We conclude that it is the hypoxia which shortens aPTT during acute decompression to 410 Torr and speculate that it results from an increase in plasma VIII:C-like activity.


1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 022-023 ◽  
Author(s):  
I S Chohan ◽  
I Singh ◽  
R M Rai

SummaryA study conducted in rats exposed to a continuous noise of 110 decibels over a period of 3 weeks revealed development of significantly prolonged bleeding time, higher plasma fibrinogen content, and progressively shorter activated partial thromboplastin time in test animals. These changes suggest a coagulopathy induced by noise stress.


Author(s):  
М.С. Успенская ◽  
М.Г. Ляпина ◽  
М.Д. Калугина

Введение. Актуальность темы исследования обусловлена проблемой борьбы с тромбозами и тромбоэмболиями безопасными для организма методами. Во многих растениях обнаружены антикоагулянты разной природы (гепариноподобные, пептиды). Цель исследования - изучение возможности проявления синергических эффектов на антикоагулянтную и фибринолитическую активность крови и процессы полимеризации фибрина экстракта из корней пиона «Иван Горожанкин» в сравнительном аспекте с действием экстракта из корней пиона «молочноцветковый». Методика. Объектом исследования служили корни пионов «Иван Горожанкин» и «молочноцветковый», произрастающих в Ботаническом саду МГУ. Пион «Иван Горожанкин» был создан скрещиванием пиона «молочноцветкового» и «лекарственного» Разработаны методы получения экстрактов из корней различных пионов. При различных разведениях экстрактов (0.1, 1, 5%) определены антикоагулянтная активность по тестам, характеризующим внутренний, внешний и общий пути свертывания крови, а также степень полимеризации фибрина плазмы крови крыс. Для сравнения был использован стандартный препарат низкомолекулярного гепарина (LMWH) животного происхождения фирмы «Celsus» (США). Проведены выделение и очистка активного начала (гепариноидов) из сухих препаратов и измерены их активности. Pезультаты. Показано, что экстракты из обоих препаратов пионов обладали антикоагулянтной и суммарной фибринолитической активностью на нестабилизированном фибрине, но в разной степени. В экстрактах из корней пиона «Иван Горожанкин» отмечались преимущественные синергические эффекты, а именно превышение антикоагулянтной активности на 20-30%, суммарной фибринолитической - на 18% по сравнению с таковыми, отмечаемыми в экстрактах из корней пиона «молочноцветковый». Подобные результаты выявлены и при изучении степени полимеризации фибрина под влиянием очищенных препаратов из пионов. Рассмотрены возможные механизмы активирующего действия экстракта из пиона «Иван Горожанкин» на антикоагулянтные свойства плазмы, суммарную фибринолитическую активность и степень полимеризации фибрина. Это связано с блокадой активности тромбина и факторов внутреннего механизма свертывания крови. При этом антикоагулянтный эффект от применения экстракта из пиона «Иван Горожанкин» по тесту APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) превышал на 20-30% ту же активность, выявленную у пиона «молочноцветковый», которая соответствовала антикоагулянтной активности препарата сравнения LMWH. В экстракте из пиона «Иван Горожанкин» впервые обнаружено наличие антикоагулянтного гепариноподобного вещества. Заключение. Впервые установлена способность экстракта из корней пиона «Иван Горожанкин» проявлять синергические антикоагулянтные и фибриндеполимеризационные эффекты, превышающие таковые у экстракта из пиона «молочноветковый». На основе полученных данных возникает необходимость исследования пиона «Иван Горожанкин» в качестве антитромботического, а возможно, и антиатеросклеротического агента. Introduction. The research topic is relevant due to the problem of safely combating thrombosis and thromboembolism. Anticoagulants of various kinds, e.g., heparin-like and peptides, have been found in many plants. Aim. To investigate the possibility of synergistic effects on the blood anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activity and on processes of fibrin polymerization by an extract from the roots of the «Ivan Gorozhankin» peony compared with the root extract from «Paeonia lactiflora». Methods. The focus of the study was the roots of the “Ivan Gorozhankin” peony and the Paeonia lactiflora growing in the Botanical Garden of the Moscow State University. The “Ivan Gorozhankin” peony was created by crossing P. lactiflora and the “medicinal” peony. Methods for obtaining extracts from the roots of various peonies have been developed. In 1%, 3%, and 5% dilutions of the extracts, the anticoagulant activity was determined according to tests characterizing the internal, external and general blood coagulation pathways, as well as by the degree of polymerization of rat blood plasma fibrin. For comparison, we used a standard preparation of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) of animal origin (Celsus, USA). Isolation and purification of the active substances, heparinoids, were isolated from dry preparations and purified, and their activities were measured. Results. Extracts from both peony preparations had anticoagulant and total fibrinolytic activity on unstabilized fibrin, but to different extents. In the extracts from the roots of the “Ivan Gorozhankin” peony, preferential synergistic effects were noted, namely, the anticoagulant activity was higher by 20-30%, and the total fibrinolytic activity was higher by 18% compared to those of extracts from Paeonia lactiflora roots. Similar results were obtained when studying the degree of fibrin polymerization as influenced by purified peony preparations. Possible mechanisms of the activating action of the «Ivan Gorozhankin» peony extract on the anticoagulant properties of plasma, the total fibrinolytic activity, and the degree of fibrin polymerization are considered. This action is due to the inhibition of thrombin activity and factors of the internal mechanism of blood coagulation. According to the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) test, the anticoagulant effect of extracts from the «Ivan Gorozhankin» peony exceeded by 20-30% the activity of Paeonia lactiflora extract, which corresponded to the anticoagulant activity of the LMWH comparator drug. Using the described biochemical methods, the presence of an anticoagulant heparin-like substance in an extract from the peony «Ivan Gorozhankin» has been discovered. Conclusion. For the first time, the ability of an extract from the roots of the «Ivan Gorozhankin» peony to exhibit synergistic anticoagulant and fibrin-depolymerization effects was demonstrated. These effects exceeded those of the Paeonia lactiflora extract. Based on these data, it appears necessary to study the «Ivan Gorozhankin» peony as an antithrombotic, and possibly as an anti-atherosclerotic agent.


2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
pp. 879-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur S Brecher ◽  
Eric L Hommema

The comparative effects of glycosaminoglycans and acetaldehyde (AcH) – glycosaminoglycan (GAG) mixtures upon Factor Xa- (FXa) and Factor X-deficient plasma (FXDP) have been studied by activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) studies. Heparin at 0.025, 0.030, 0.04, and 0.05 U statistically prolonged the APTT when pre-incubated with FXa at 37°C for 3 min prior to addition to FXDP and subsequent addition of Ca2+. Upon addition of 0.25, 0.375, and 0.5 µg heparin-6000 (H6k) to FXa, significant increases in APTT were observed. Similarly, profound increases in APTT were observed when 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 µg heparin-3000 (H3k) was added to FXa. The chondroitin sulfates (CSA, CSB, CSC) had far less impact upon APTT with the FXa–FXDP system. In examining the effects of AcH–GAG mixtures upon the clotting factor, it was observed that 44.3 and 443 mM AcH synergistically prolonged the APTT in a statistically significant manner regardless of the order of premixing the three components. Hence, AcH may play a role in prolonging APTT in alcoholics. It synergistically prolonged APTT in concert with GAGs and FXa at the AcH levels used in this study. The effect of the GAGs upon FXDP is far less than its effect upon FXa.Key words: Factor Xa, acetaldehyde, heparin, glycosaminoglycans, blood coagulation.


2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Radwińska ◽  
Anna Domosławska ◽  
Andrzej Pomianowski ◽  
Katarzyna Żarczyńska ◽  
Andrzej Jurczak

Abstract Twenty bitches with acute endometritis-pyometra complex (EPC) and 20 clinically healthy bitches were examined. The following coagulation parameters were determined in haemostatic evaluations: prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen concentrations (FBG), D-dimer concentrations (D-D), antithrombin activity (AT), and blood platelet counts (PLT). Morphological and biochemical blood parameters were also analysed. Examinations of animals affected by EPC revealed blood coagulation and fibrinolytic disorders, and the noted results (PT 13.7 ±1.06 s, aPTT 23.4 ±1.04 s, TT 15.6 ±0.68 s, FBG 2.2 g/L, D-D 785.4 ±103.05 μg/L, AT 111.1 ±13.51%, PLT 169.30 ±126.31 103/μL) point to a high risk of disseminated intravascular coagulation. The findings indicate that the coagulation parameters of bitches affected by EPC should be analysed before treatment as the noted disorder can significantly complicate therapy and ovariohysterectomy, and endanger the patients' life.


1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
D S Fair ◽  
T S Edgington

Factor X lies central in blood coagulation being the point of convergence of the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways and in its activated form is the initial enzyme in the final stages of clot formation. The interaction of Factor X with its activators, cofactors and substrates suggest that there are multiple structural loci present on the surface of this molecule available for these molecular associations. Hence, abnormal molecules may reflect different specific structural defects resulting in decreased function. We analyzed 28 abnormal Factor X plasmas by four parameters: 1) antigen (Ag) measured in radioimmunoassay and activity as measured by: 2) prothrombin time (PT), 3) Russell’s viper venom time (RVV), and 4) activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Abnormal Factor X plasmas were from congenital (16), transient (2) and amyloid associated (10) deficiencies. In order to objectively determine groups of abnormal molecules we evaluated their distributions in the following manner: (1) PT activity vs Ag concentration; (2) RVV activity vs PT/Ag; and (3)APTT activity vs RVV/(PT/Ag).A non-random distribution of plasmas was observed which could be grouped into ten classes and subclasses of abnormal Factor X molecules. These data suggest that the groups of abnormal molecules may reflect common structural defects shared among its members located at specific structural loci involved in either the activation or the function of these Factor X molecules.


2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Panutsaya Tientadakul ◽  
Nisarat Opartkiattikul ◽  
Wanida Wongtiraporn

Abstract Context.—In Thailand until 2005 there had been no external quality assessment scheme at the national level for blood coagulation tests. Only a few laboratories had an external quality assessment for these tests. In the year 2005, the Thailand National External Quality Assessment Scheme for Blood Coagulation was founded. Objectives.—To describe the establishment of the Thailand National External Quality Assessment Scheme for Blood Coagulation (including problems encountered and solutions), its progression and expansion, and the improvement of coagulation laboratory practice in Thailand during 2 trial surveys and 4 formal surveys conducted in the first 1;h1 years. Design.—Between 2005 and 2006, the external quality assessment samples for prothrombin time/international normalized ratio and activated partial thromboplastin time were distributed to the participants as well as the instructions and suggestions for the improvement of laboratory practice. From the data collected, the all-method coefficient of variation of the international normalized ratio and activated partial thromboplastin time was calculated for each survey. Results.—The number of participants increased during the first 1;h1 years that the surveys were conducted, from 109 to 127. Survey data demonstrate an improvement in response rate and an increase in the number of laboratories that determine their own reference ranges and repeat this for every change of reagent lot, using the appropriate anticoagulant. The increased precision of tests is indicated by the decrease of the all-method coefficient of variation of the international normalized ratio and activated partial thromboplastin time. Examples of individual laboratory improvement through feedback are also described. Conclusions.—The improvement of coagulation laboratory practice both through the instructions provided and liaison with participants was observed during the course of this scheme.


1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1674-1679 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J. Despotis ◽  
Jr Hogue ◽  
Sam A. Santoro ◽  
J. Heinrich Joist ◽  
Patrick W. MT Barnes ◽  
...  

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