Modeling of Biodiesel Cold Filter Plugging Point from their Chemical Composition

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 3050-3053
Author(s):  
Yong Bin Lai ◽  
Ling Ling Cai ◽  
Yin Nan Yuan ◽  
Xiu Chen ◽  
Xin Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Cold Filter Plugging Point ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Carbon Chains ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Significant Linear Correlation

This paper studies the chemical composition of biodiesel, cold flow properties, and the influence of chemical composition on cold filter plugging point (CFPP) by using GC-MS and CFPP tester according to the theories of crystallization. Using the method of multivariate linear regression to analyze the correlation between chemical composition and CFPP, the prediction model of CFPP which has a very significant linear correlation and is based on chemical composition is built. The study shows that biodiesel is mainly fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) that is composed of 14-24 even number carbon atoms (C14:0~C24:0 , C16:1~C22:1, C18:2~C20:2 and C18:3). The CFPP increases linearly with the increase of the content of SFAME and the longer the carbon chains are, the greater the increase will be; the CFPP decreases linearly with the increase of the content of UFAME. Among the 120 kinds of biodiesel we studied, the CFPP of Chinese tallow methyl ester (CTME) is the lowest (-14 °C) and the CFPP of peanut methyl ester (PNME) is the highest (13 °C).

Study on Cold Flow Properties of Waste Cooking Methyl Ester

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 635-640
Author(s):  
Guang Wu ◽  
Jia Hui Shong ◽  
Shen Tao Xu ◽  
Yong Bin Lai ◽  
Xiu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Flow Improver

The chemical compositions of waste cooking methyl ester (WCME) were analyzed by GC-MS, and the cold flow properties of WCME were studied by cold filer plugging point tester and viscosity tester. Through blending with petrodiesel and adding cold flow improver (CFI), the cold flow properties of WCME were improved efficiently. The study shows that WCME was mainly composed of saturated fatty acid methyl ester (SFAME) and unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester (UFAME), and contents of SFAME and UFAME were 27.63 and 71.81 w%, respectively. The cold filer plugging point (CFPP) of WCME was 0 °C, and the viscosity of it was 4.41 mm2·s-1 at 40 °C. Blending with 0 petrodiesel (0PD) and-10 petrodiesel (-10PD) decreased the CFPP of WCME to-4 °C and-13 °C, respectively. Meanwhile with WCME blending ratio increasing the viscosities of blending oils increased at the same temperature, and the viscosities increased gradually when the temperature decreased. Treating with CFI could significantly reduce the CFPP of blending oils which were composed of WCME and petrodiesel. The viscosities of blending oils with adding CFI were slightly higher than those with out CFI.

Crystallization Status of Palm Oil Biodiesel under Low Temperature Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Ling Ling Cai ◽  
Yin Nan Yuan ◽  
Xiu Chen ◽  
Yong Bin Lai ◽  
Xing Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Lamellar Crystal ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Acid Methyl

The composition of palm methyl ester (PME) was determined and quantified by Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Cold flow properties of PME was studied by means of cold filter plugging point tester and kinematic viscosity tester and the solution crystallization theory, at the same time to observe the crystalline mechanism with low temperature phase contrast microscope. Experimental results showed that PME was mainly composed of saturated fatty acid methyl ester (SFAME) and unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester (UFAME), PME has a poor cold flow properties because of its more SFAME content. Observation results of the microscope showed that, the crystallization of PME at a steady cooling rate was lamellar crystal for rules. With the reduction of temperature, lamellar crystal increased gradually, and aggregated together. The higher the cooling rate was, the smaller the lamellar crystal and the irregular shape was.

Mechanism of Flow Properties for Biodiesel Blends at Low Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 662 ◽  
pp. 490-497
Author(s):  
Yong Cui ◽  
Yin Nan Yuan ◽  
Xiu Chen ◽  
Yong Bin Lai
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Cold Filter Plugging Point ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Acid Methyl

The chemical composition of biodiesel was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The cold filter plugging point of biodiesel was measured according to GB/T 20828-2007. The cold flow properties of biodiesel were investigated on the basis of the crystallization theory, including chemical composition and molecular structure. Biodiesel might be considered a pseudobinary mixture, namely, high-melting-point saturated fatty acid methyl esters and low–melting-point unsaturated ones. Bilayer crystal structure of biodiesel was founded. Bilayer structure with headgroups aligned next to each other inside the crystal and away from nonpolar bulk liquid was large platelet lamellae. The results showed that biodiesel was mainly composed of saturated fatty acid methyl esters (C14:0～C24:0 ) and unsaturated ones(C16:1～C22:1、C18:2 and C18:3 ). The cold flow properties for biodiesel were determined mainly by the amount and molecular structure of saturated fatty acid methyl esters. The long-straight-chain saturated fatty acid methyl esters tend to have relatively poor cold flow properties. The cold flow properties worsen with increasing the amount and carbon chain length of straight-chain saturated fatty acid methyl esters. The ways of adjusting biodiesel composition and treating with depression of cold filter plugging point were given; they could improve cold flow properties.

Formate Esters Containing Biodiesel - Diesel Mixed Fuels

2021 ◽  
Vol 903 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Valdis Kampars ◽  
Anastasija Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Formate ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Carbon Residue ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties ◽  
Acid Methyl

The blends of varying proportions of biodiesel (FAME) containing formate esters of glycerol and 93.0 wt.% fatty acid methyl esters, obtained in an interesterification reaction with methyl formate without further purification, and winter diesel fuel, were prepared, analyzed and compared with winter diesel fuel. The obtained results showed that blends comprising up to 20 vol.% of FAME fulfill the requirements of the standard LVS EN 590 concerning such characteristics as cold flow properties, viscosity, density, and carbon residue. The increase of FAME content worsens the cold flow properties; however, the mixed fuel with 20 vol.% or lower FAME content, according to the cloud point and cold filter plugging point values, remains in the same severe climate "Class 0" group as winter fuel. The carbon residue of mixed fuels raises with increasing FAME content, but stay low and do not exceed the limits of standard for mixtures with FAME percentage up to 20 vol.%. The comparison of mixed fuels containing 20 vol.% of FAME and the same amount of neat biodiesel (99.6 wt.% of fatty acid methyl esters) shows that the difference is negligible. The obtained results have indicated a good potential of FAME obtained in the interesterification reaction with methyl formate without further purification as a diesel fuel additive for up to 20 vol.%.

scholarly journals A Mini Review on the Cold Flow Properties of Biodiesel and its Blends

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Hazrat ◽  
M. G. Rasul ◽  
M. Mofijur ◽  
M. M. K. Khan ◽  
F. Djavanroodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cetane Number ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Cold Filter Plugging Point ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Cold Flow Properties

Biodiesels are renewable fuel that may be produced from various feedstock using different techniques. It is endorsed in some countries of the world as a viable substitute to diesel fuel. While biodiesel possesses numerous benefits, the cold flow properties (CFP) of biodiesel in comparison with petro-diesel are significantly less satisfactory. This is due to the presence of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid esters. The poor CFP of biodiesel subsequently affects performance in cold weather and damages the engine fuel system, as well as chokes the fuel filter, fuel inlet lines, and injector nozzle. Previously, attempts were made to minimize the damaging impact of bad cold flow through the reduction of pour point, cloud point, and the cold filter plugging point of biodiesel. This study is focused on the biodiesel CFP-related mechanisms and highlights the factors that initialize and pace the crystallization process. This review indicates that the CFP of biodiesel fuel can be improved by utilizing different techniques. Winterisation of some biodiesel has been shown to improve CFP significantly. Additives such as polymethyl acrylate improved CFP by 3-9 ° C. However, it is recommended that improvement methods in terms of fuel properties and efficiency should be carefully studied and tested before being implemented in industrial applications as this might impact biodiesel yield, cetane number, etc.

Improvement of Low Temperature Properties of Jatropha-Corn Biodiesel Blend with the Addition of Acrylic Co-Polymer

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 2480-2483
Author(s):  
Ho May Yun ◽  
Junaid Ahmad ◽  
Suzana Yusup ◽  
Ruzaimah Nik Mohammad Kamil ◽  
Vui Soon Chok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Cold Filter Plugging Point ◽  
Flow Properties ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Cold Flow ◽  
Biodiesel Blend ◽  
Flow Improver

Inevitable low temperature properties is one of the major problems in commercialization of pure biodiesel. Increasing the usage of edible oil in biodiesel production creates the fuel versus food controversy. This paper involves the study of cold flow properties of edible and non-edible oils biodiesel. Corn biodiesel and jatropha biodiesel are blended respectively. The blend ratio of corn methyl ester and jatropha methyl ester CME: JME (20:80) has the oxidative stability of 6.42 hours and cold filter plugging point value of-2 oC. An additive of acrylic co-polymer as the cold flow improver (CFI) reduced the CFPP value from-2 oC to-6 oC which results in better low temperature properties of corn-jatropha biodiesel blend.

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