Application of Digital Watermarking Technology in Anti-Counterfeit Packaging

2013 ◽  
Vol 469 ◽  
pp. 292-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Mei Zhao ◽  
Yong Cong An ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Xiang Yi Duan
Keyword(s):  
Digital Watermarking ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Error Diffusion ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Halftone Image ◽  
Halftone Images ◽  
Channel Image

Hiding information in a color image is an effective method for the purpose of anti-counterfeiting, it can accurately identify authenticity in a certain range, and it is not easy to be copied and replicated. A new kind of watermarking algorithm for halftone images is proposed. Firstly the color image is treated as R, G, B single channel images, by using error diffusion algorithm the single channel image is converted into a halftone image, and then the watermark information is embedded in the halftone image by the proposed scheme of pixel swapping. Experimental results show that large amount of information can be embedded and extraction of the watermark information is clear, under conditions of rotating, clipping, etc, the watermark information still can be effectively extracted. This scheme can be used in packaging anti-counterfeiting printing.

Data hiding in halftone images with authentication ability using three-level noise-balanced error diffusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (19-21) ◽  
pp. 1740056
Author(s):  
Zhuoqian Liang ◽  
Xiaotian Wu
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
The Other ◽  
Error Diffusion ◽  
Secret Image ◽  
Halftone Image ◽  
Halftone Images

A novel data hiding method in halftone images with authentication ability was proposed in this paper. A secret image and an authentication image were simultaneously encoded into two halftone images. The secret image was visually reconstructed by stacking the two halftone images together. To verify the validity of the secret, one halftone image was shifted down for several units and stacked with the other one to reveal the authentication image. Experimental results were provided, demonstrating that the proposed method is effective and outperforms existing methods.

scholarly journals Watermarking in dot-diffusion halftones using adaptive class-matrix and error diffusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jing-Ming Guo ◽  
Sankarasrinivasan Seshathiri
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Error Diffusion ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Digital Halftoning ◽  
Halftone Image ◽  
Processing Order ◽  
Decoding Accuracy ◽  
Superior Image Quality ◽  
Halftone Images

Digital halftoning deals with transforming a gray or color image into its binary version which is useful in printing applications. Dot diffusion is one of the prominent halftone methods which can yield superior image quality with parallel processing capabilities. In this paper, a rapid watermarking algorithm is proposed for dot-diffusion halftone images using adaptive class-matrix selection and modified error diffusion kernels. To process the image using an adaptive class matrix, the processing order of the class matrix is reversed and transposed, and for error diffusion the coefficients are replaced with different weights. For decoding, an effective strategy is proposed based on a correlation analysis and halftone statistics. The proposed strategy can successfully embed and decode the binary watermark from a single dot-diffused halftone image. From the experimental results, the proposed method is found to be effective in terms of good decoding accuracy, imperceptibility and robustness against various printed distortions.

Data Hiding Based on Noise-Balanced Error Diffusion in Color Image

2012 ◽  
Vol 182-183 ◽  
pp. 1900-1903
Author(s):  
Hai Sheng Chen ◽  
Bao Lin Tang ◽  
Guang Xue Chen ◽  
Shuang Shuang Wen
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Error Diffusion ◽  
Hidden Information ◽  
Diffusion Operator ◽  
Halftone Image ◽  
Rgb Color Space ◽  
Hidden Data ◽  
Halftone Images

In the publishing and printing applications, hidden data is embedded into images for copyright protection and ownership generally. In this paper, a reasonable data hiding method based on noise-balanced error diffusion (NBEDF) is proposed, which is applied in color halftone image. Color image is firstly separated into grayscale images from RGB color space to CMYK color space. Secondly, Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion operator is used, and halftone images will be obtained. Finally,through NBEDF, hidden data is embedded in the halftone image which contains the largest amount of information. The experimental results show that hidden information can be visible , when the corresponding decoded image overlays the color image with hidden information. The data hiding method proposed in this paper can be well applied on security printing.

Watermark Embedding for Multiscale Error Diffused Halftone Images by Adopting Visual Cryptography

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanfang Guo ◽  
Oscar C. Au ◽  
Ketan Tang
Keyword(s):  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Visual Cryptography ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Error Diffusion ◽  
Printing Industry ◽  
Halftone Image ◽  
Watermark Embedding ◽  
Simple Implementation ◽  
Exclusive Or ◽  
Halftone Images

Error Diffusion has been widely adopted in the printing industry due to its good visual quality and simple implementation. However, error diffusion still possesses its own deficiencies. Thus multiscale error diffusion (MED) has been developed, and this method outperforms traditional error diffusion according to extensive research results. The majority of previous halftone image watermarking techniques cannot be directly applied to MED halftone images. Since there is no halftone visual watermarking (HVW) method for MED halftone images in existing methods, we propose the first HVW method for MED halftone images, Copyright Protecting Multiscale Error Diffusion (CoP-MED), in this paper. By adopting the visual cryptography principle, CoP-MED can effectively embed a secret pattern into two MED halftone images, where the secret pattern can be decoded clearly by simply overlaying the two stego halftone images or performing not-exclusive-or operation between them. Parameter selection is also discussed based on the experimental results. Later, in comparison tests, CoP-MED shows superior performance compared to existing works.

Texture-aware Error Diffusion Algorithm for Multi-level Digital Halftoning

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 50410-1-50410-9
Author(s):  
Donghui Li ◽  
Takuma Kiyotomo ◽  
Takahiko Horiuchi ◽  
Midori Tanaka ◽  
Kaku Shigeta
Keyword(s):  
Digital Printing ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Error Diffusion ◽  
Digital Halftoning ◽  
Halftone Image ◽  
Processing Theory ◽  
Raster Image ◽  
Continuous Tone ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Halftone Images

Abstract Digital halftoning is a technique for converting a continuous-tone image into a quantized image to reproduce it on a digital printing device. Error diffusion (ED) is an algorithm that has proven to be effective for the halftoning process, and it has been widely applied to digital printing tasks. However, in images reproduced using conventional ED algorithms based on the signal processing theory, the texture of objects is often lost. In this study, we propose a texture-aware ED algorithm for multi-level digital halftoning. First, we generate multiple mapped images with different brightness levels through nonlinear transformation. For each mapped image, we adopt a texture-aware binary error diffusion method to obtain multiple halftone images. Finally, we generate a multi-level halftone image from the multiple halftone images. We test the algorithm on an actual printer, compare the results with those of the current raster image processor software and classical ED algorithms, and observe that our algorithm outputs better results.

Watermark Embedding for Multiscale Error Diffused Halftone Images by Adopting Visual Cryptography

Biometrics ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 137-156
Author(s):  
Yuanfang Guo ◽  
Oscar C. Au ◽  
Ketan Tang
Keyword(s):  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Visual Cryptography ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Error Diffusion ◽  
Halftone Image ◽  
Watermark Embedding ◽  
Simple Implementation ◽  
Exclusive Or ◽  
Halftone Images

Error Diffusion has been widely adopted in the printing industry due to its good visual quality and simple implementation. However, error diffusion still possesses its own deficiencies. Thus multiscale error diffusion (MED) has been developed, and this method outperforms traditional error diffusion according to extensive research results. The majority of previous halftone image watermarking techniques cannot be directly applied to MED halftone images. Since there is no halftone visual watermarking (HVW) method for MED halftone images in existing methods, we propose the first HVW method for MED halftone images, Copyright Protecting Multiscale Error Diffusion (CoP-MED), in this paper. By adopting the visual cryptography principle, CoP-MED can effectively embed a secret pattern into two MED halftone images, where the secret pattern can be decoded clearly by simply overlaying the two stego halftone images or performing not-exclusive-or operation between them. Parameter selection is also discussed based on the experimental results. Later, in comparison tests, CoP-MED shows superior performance compared to existing works.

Developing an inkjet printer II : CMY ink amounts to multibit CMY halftones

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (15) ◽  
pp. 351-1-351-9
Author(s):  
Baekdu Choi ◽  
Daulet Kenzhebalin ◽  
Sige Hu ◽  
George Chiu ◽  
Davi He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Input Image ◽  
Error Diffusion ◽  
Halftone Image ◽  
Inkjet Printer ◽  
Halftone Images

In this paper, we propose a novel error diffusion halftoning algorithm for the conversion of cyan, magenta and yellow (CMY) ink amounts to a multi-bit halftone image. We adopt the idea of allowing multiple drops of colorants in order to achieve print results with better saturation, which is implemented by modifying the classic Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion algorithm. For better halftone texture and more efficient use of colorants, we add a dot-off-dot feature to the classic Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion. Blending-in the original input image with its DBS screened multilevel halftone image as a preprocessing step to dot-off-dot error diffusion is proposed as a measure to reduce halftone artifacts. Digitally simulated halftone images will be presented to illustrate the better halftone texture that can be achieved by applying the proposed algorithm.

A Wavelet-Based Digital Watermarking Algorithm for Packaging Security

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 660-665
Author(s):  
Shi Wei Liu ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Qing Bao Wei
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Discrete Wavelet Transform ◽  
Digital Watermarking ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Digital Watermark ◽  
Jpeg Compression ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
Watermark Algorithm

In this paper, a wavelet-based digital watermark algorithm for packaging security is proposed. In the algorithm, digital watermark is embedded in the color image CMYK mode, the method based on the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) can point to point semi-adaptive repeated embed digital watermark. Digital watermark that embedded in a color image can be extracted after printing, scanning and pre-processing the color image. The experimental results show that watermark extraction’s effect is acceptable, so the algorithm can achieve the purpose of the anti-counterfeiting for packaging printing. In addition the algorithm is robust enough against various kinds of attacks such as salt&pepper noise addition, JPEG compression, image crop and so on.

scholarly journals A Novel Printable Watermarking Method in Dithering Halftone Images

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Lung Lee ◽  
Ling-Hwei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Digital Watermarking ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Halftone Images

Halftone images are commonly printed on books, newspapers, and magazines. How to protect the copyright of these printed halftone images becomes an important issue. Digital watermarking provides a solution for copyright protection. In this paper, we will propose a novel printable watermarking method for dithering halftone images. Based on downsampling and the property of a dispersed dithering screen, the method can resist cropping, tampering, and print-and-scan process attacks. In addition, comparing to Guo et al.’s method, the experimental results show that the proposed method provides higher robustness for the above-mentioned attacks and better visual quality in the high-frequency regions of halftone images.

An Improved Multilevel Halftoning Algorithm Using Neighborhood Growing

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 4637-4640
Author(s):  
Yu Min Tian ◽  
Rong Pan ◽  
Wei Feng
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Results ◽  
Error Diffusion ◽  
Visual Effect ◽  
Halftone Image ◽  
Visual Properties ◽  
Improved Algorithm

In order to reduce banding and blurry edges produced by the conventional multilevel error diffusion algorithm in the digital halftone process, an improved multilevel error diffusion algorithm using neighborhood growing is proposed. According to human visual properties, the algorithm uses banding edge neighborhood alternately grow toward the center to revise halftone image. Experimental results show that the halftone image obtained by the improved algorithm eliminates banding and a better visual effect is achieved with the enhanced edges.

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