Preliminary Study of Oil Palm Frond Briquette as Biomass Fuel for Gasification

Oil palm frond is one of the most potential biomass solid fuel sources for heat and power generation. Processing of oil palm frond into solid fuel created underutilized and neglected residues in the forms of fiber, grains and sawdust. Fuel briquettes of 10.5 cm in diameter and 2.5 cm in thickness were formed from the residues using a hand press briquette maker and tested as solid fuel for gasification. With a specific density of 40 kg/m3 and an equilibrium moisture content of 12±1.5% by dry basis, the briquettes were found to pass extensive drop tests and were able to produce syngas consisting of 8.1% CO, 11% CO2, 2.1% H2 and 0.5% CH4 through gasification. Successful syngas ignitions were obtained from the updraft gasification of the briquettes, showing the briquettes potential as a prospective solid fuel for heat and power generation.

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Efficacy of Activated Carbon In Situ to Oil Palm Frond Paper for Active Packaging on Mechanical Properties

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.506.607 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 506 ◽

pp. 607-610 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N. Thongjun ◽

Lerpong Jarupan ◽

Chiravoot Pechyen

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Active Packaging ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Oil Palm Frond ◽

Palm Frond

Oil palm frond pulp (OPF) was blended with activated carbon for the purpose of active packaging in this preliminary study. It was aimed to investigate the effect of in-situ activated carbon on physical and mechanical properties of the pulp handsheets made from OPF. Testing of property performances of the resulted handsheets included density, moisture content, thickness swelling, folding, tensile strength, %elongation, stiffness, and modulus of rupture. Ultimately, the intention is to use for prospected active packaging for fresh produce. OPF pulp was prepared by the kraft process. The pulp stock was mixed with different proportions of activated carbon (0, 10, 20, and 30% w/w). The results showed that an increased proportion of activated carbon decreased density and thickness selling, but had no effect on moisture content.

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Simulation of Lovastatin Production in Solid-State Fermentation via Oil Palm Frond

Journal of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology ◽

10.15282/jceib.v7i2.6755 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 7-10

Author(s):

N. A. Nata ◽

F. Mohd Said ◽

S. Md Shaarani@Md Nawi ◽

N. Harun

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Process Model ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Oil Palm Frond ◽

Palm Frond

Lovastatin is a potent drug for lowering the blood cholesterol. It is a competitive inhibitor of 3-hyroxy3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which is a key enzyme in the cholesterol production pathway. Lovastatin increases the good cholesterol or high-density lipoproteins to prevent the formation of plaque inside the blood vessels. This study aims to develop a process model of lovastatin production, produced by Monascus purpureus under solid-state fermentation using oil palm frond. SuperPro Design V9.5 software was used to develop and simulate the process model. Three parameters which are initial moisture content, composition of peptone and potassium, were varied to investigate their effects on lovastatin production. The optimum condition simulated using the process model at pH 7 with 60% initial moisture content, 0.0075 kg/hr of potassium, and 0.0075 kg/hr of peptone was able to produce 0.0288 kg/kg of lovastatin. The simulated results show good agreement with experimental work, with low percentage error of 5.77%, and provide a good approximation on the production of lovastatin under various process operating conditions.

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Downdraft Co-gasification of Oil Palm Frond with Other Oil Palm Residues: Effects of Blending Ratio

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201822506018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 225 ◽

pp. 06018

Author(s):

M.N.Z. Moni ◽

S.A. Sulaiman ◽

A.T. Baheta

Keyword(s):

Solid Fuel ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Fuel Production ◽

Palm Kernel Shell ◽

Cold Gas Efficiency ◽

Oil Palm Frond ◽

Fuel Blending ◽

Gas Efficiency ◽

Palm Frond

As the largest amount of biomass residues produced from the palm oil industry, the oil palm frond (OPF) is a promising solid fuel resource for gasification. However, the difficulty in processing OPF into solid fuel may affect the solid fuel production rate and consequently the gasifier operation. To ensure a continuous gasifier operation unaffected by the shortage of OPF fuel, empty fruit bunch (EFB), palm mesocarp fiber (PMF) and palm kernel shell (PKS) were introduced as a pairing fuel with OPF for co-gasification. The potentials of the fuel mixes and the effects of the fuel blending ratio on syngas higher heating value, specific syngas yield, carbon conversion efficiency and cold gas efficiency were studied. The experiments concluded that all fuel mixes of all blending ratios satisfied all the syngas quality indicator requirements and that all the tested fuel mixes can be utilized for downdraft co-gasification to produce results similar to the downdraft gasification of 100% OPF.

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Polyethylene-Oil Palm Frond Composites-A Preliminary Study on Mechanical Properties

International Journal of Polymeric Materials ◽

10.1080/00914039808039766 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 39 (3-4) ◽

pp. 161-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

H. D. Rozman ◽

H. Ismail ◽

R. M. Jaffri ◽

A. Aminullah ◽

Z. A. Mohd Ishak

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Oil Palm Frond ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Palm Frond

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Optimization of Red Pigment Production by Solid State Fermentation Using Oil Palm Frond

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1025.150 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1025 ◽

pp. 150-156

Author(s):

Nur Fathin Shamirah Daud ◽

Farhan Mohd Said ◽

Nur Hidayah Mat Yasin ◽

Mior Ahmad Khusairi Mohd Zahari

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Initial Moisture Content ◽

Aeration Rate ◽

Monascus Purpureus ◽

Red Pigments ◽

Oil Palm Frond ◽

Palm Frond

Extensive study available on Monascus in solid-state fermentation (SSF), however, optimization study of Monascus sp. cultivated in stirred drum bioreactor is insufficiently reported. In this study, the Box–Behnken design (BBD) was employed for the analysis of the simultaneous effect of initial moisture content, aeration rate and peptone concentration to the red pigments production of Monascus purpureus FTC 5357 by using oil palm frond (OPF) in 5 L stirred drum bioreactor. A three-parameters, three-level BBD was used for the optimization. Based on the ANOVA analysis performed, initial moisture content, aeration rate and peptone concentration contributed significantly to the red pigments production. The optimal fermentation conditions resulted were initial moisture content; 70 % w/w, aeration rate; 1.30 vvm and peptone concentration; 4.40 % w/w. Under these conditions, the red pigments production were obtained to be 18.59 Au/g.d. The red pigments produced through SSF using OPF as a substrate by Monascus purpureus FTC 5357 has a great potential to be utilized as a source of pigment for food in future.

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Mechanical and Acoustical Properties of Short Oil Palm Frond Fibre Reinforced Polyester Composites

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/1082/1/012013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1082 (1) ◽

pp. 012013

Author(s):

Sabri ◽

Zahrul Fuadi ◽

Rudi Kurniawan ◽

Samsul Rizal

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Acoustical Properties ◽

Oil Palm Frond ◽

Polyester Composites ◽

Palm Frond

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Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Pretreated Fibre Pressed Oil Palm Frond by using Sacchariseb C6

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/206/1/012008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 206 ◽

pp. 012008

Author(s):

F S Hashim ◽

H W Yussof ◽

M A K M Zahari ◽

R A Rahman ◽

R M Illias

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Oil Palm Frond ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Palm Frond

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Investigation on the Dielectric Properties of Pulverized Oil Palm Frond and Pineapple Leaf Fiber for X-Band Microwave Absorber Application

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.893.488 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 893 ◽

pp. 488-491 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elfarizanis Baharudin ◽

Alyani Ismail ◽

Adam Reda Hasan Alhawari ◽

Edi Syams Zainudin ◽

Dayang L.A. Majid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dielectric Constant ◽

Dielectric Properties ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Microwave Absorber ◽

Band Frequency ◽

Pineapple Leaf Fiber ◽

X Band ◽

Oil Palm Frond ◽

Palm Frond ◽

Leaf Fiber

This paper presents the results on dielectric properties of pulverized material based on agricultural waste namely oil palm frond and pineapple leaf fiber for microwave absorber application in the X-band frequency range. The investigation is started by identifying the pulverized materials permittivities and loss tangents using coaxial probe technique, followed by density measurement comprising the determination of bulk and solid densities. Then, by using dielectric mixture model, the solid particle dielectric properties were determined. It is observed that the air properties give quite an effect on the permittivity and loss tangent of the pulverized materials. It is also found that the lower the material density the higher material dielectric constant will be. Furthermore, the results show that, both oil palm frond and pineapple leaf fiber are potential to be X-band absorber with average dielectric constant of 4.40 and 3.38 respectively. The loss tangents for both materials were observed to be more than 0.1 which mark them as lossy materials.

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