The Radionuclide Pollutant Dispersion Simulation in Nuclear Accident of Liaoning Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant

In order to simulate the nuclear proliferation model of power plant accident, the objective factors of the nuclide dry deposition, wet deposition and radioactive decay are considered and studied based on Gauss diffusion model. With the model modified, the nuclear proliferation simulation of power plant accident is implemented. The simulation system of radionuclide nuclear proliferation is designed and realized with the application of information technology such as GIS and so on. In light of variations in such things as geography, climate and working, the nuclear proliferation of power plant accident emergency is simulated. The results showed that the system can effectively realize the simulation of radionuclide nuclear proliferation including the instantaneous point source, continuous point source, which provides decision support for nuclear accident emergency treatment.

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Atmospheric removal times of the aerosol-bound radionuclides 137Cs and 131I during the months after the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident – a constraint for air quality and climate models

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions ◽

10.5194/acpd-12-12331-2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 12331-12356

Author(s):

N. I. Kristiansen ◽

A. Stohl ◽

G. Wotawa

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power Plant ◽

Dry Deposition ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Climate Models ◽

Climate Model ◽

Measurement Data ◽

Radioactive Decay ◽

Data Set

Abstract. Caesium-137 (137Cs) and iodine-131 (131I) are radionuclides of particular concern during nuclear accidents, because they are emitted in large amounts and are of significant health impact. 137Cs and 131I attach to the ambient accumulation-mode (AM) aerosols and share their fate as the aerosols are removed from the atmosphere by scavenging within clouds, precipitation and dry deposition. Here, we estimate their removal times from the atmosphere using a unique high-precision global measurement data set collected over several months after the accident at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant in March 2011. The noble gas xenon-133 (133Xe), also released during the accident, served as a passive tracer of air mass transport for determining the removal times of 137Cs and 131I via the decrease in the measured ratios 137Cs/133Xe and 131I/133Xe over time. After correction for radioactive decay, the 137Cs/133Xe ratios reflect the removal of aerosols by wet and dry deposition, whereas the 131I/133Xe ratios are also influenced by aerosol production from gaseous 131I. We find removal times for 137Cs of 10.0–13.9 days and for 131I of 17.1–24.2 days during April and May 2011. We discuss possible caveats (e.g. late emissions, resuspension) that can affect the results, and compare the 137Cs removal times with observation-based and modeled aerosol lifetimes. Our 137Cs removal time of 10.0–13.9 days should be representative of a "background" AM aerosol well mixed in the extratropical Northern Hemisphere troposphere. It is expected that the lifetime of this vertically mixed background aerosol is longer than the lifetime of AM aerosols originating from surface sources. However, the substantial difference to the mean lifetimes of AM aerosols obtained from aerosol models, typically in the range of 3–7 days, warrants further research on the cause of this discrepancy. Too short modeled AM aerosol lifetimes would have serious implications for air quality and climate model predictions.

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Improvement of Instantaneous Point Source Model for Simulating Radionuclide Diffusion in Oceans under Nuclear Power Plant Accidents

Journal of Environmental Informatics ◽

10.3808/jei.201700380 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

A. F. Zhai ◽

◽

X. W. Ding ◽

Y. Zhao ◽

W. H. Xiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power Plant ◽

Point Source ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Source Model ◽

Instantaneous Point

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Atmospheric removal times of the aerosol-bound radionuclides 137Cs and 131I measured after the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear accident – a constraint for air quality and climate models

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-12-10759-2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (22) ◽

pp. 10759-10769 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

N. I. Kristiansen ◽

A. Stohl ◽

G. Wotawa

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Dry Deposition ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Climate Models ◽

Climate Model ◽

Noble Gas ◽

Measurement Data ◽

Radioactive Decay ◽

Data Set ◽

Removal Time

Abstract. Caesium-137 (137Cs) and iodine-131 (131I) are radionuclides of particular concern during nuclear accidents, because they are emitted in large amounts and are of significant health impact. 137Cs and 131I attach to the ambient accumulation-mode (AM) aerosols and share their fate as the aerosols are removed from the atmosphere by scavenging within clouds, precipitation and dry deposition. Here, we estimate their removal times from the atmosphere using a unique high-precision global measurement data set collected over several months after the accident at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant in March 2011. The noble gas xenon-133 (133Xe), also released during the accident, served as a passive tracer of air mass transport for determining the removal times of 137Cs and 131I via the decrease in the measured ratios 137Cs/133Xe and 131I/133Xe over time. After correction for radioactive decay, the 137Cs/133Xe ratios reflect the removal of aerosols by wet and dry deposition, whereas the 131I/133Xe ratios are also influenced by aerosol production from gaseous 131I. We find removal times for 137Cs of 10.0–13.9 days and for 131I of 17.1–24.2 days during April and May 2011. The removal time of 131I is longer due to the aerosol production from gaseous 131I, thus the removal time for 137Cs serves as a better estimate for aerosol lifetime. The removal time of 131I is of interest for semi-volatile species. We discuss possible caveats (e.g. late emissions, resuspension) that can affect the results, and compare the 137Cs removal times with observation-based and modeled aerosol lifetimes. Our 137Cs removal time of 10.0–13.9 days should be representative of a "background" AM aerosol well mixed in the extratropical Northern Hemisphere troposphere. It is expected that the lifetime of this vertically mixed background aerosol is longer than the lifetime of fresh AM aerosols directly emitted from surface sources. However, the substantial difference to the mean lifetimes of AM aerosols obtained from aerosol models, typically in the range of 3–7 days, warrants further research on the cause of this discrepancy. Too short modeled AM aerosol lifetimes would have serious implications for air quality and climate model predictions.

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Nuclear power debate and public opinion in Belarus: From Chernobyl to Ostrovets

Public Understanding of Science ◽

10.1177/0963662516647242 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 275-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Aliaksandr Novikau

Keyword(s):

Public Opinion ◽

Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power Plant ◽

Risk Communication ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Nuclear Energy ◽

Traumatic Event ◽

Nuclear Accident ◽

Positive View ◽

The City

The Belarusian government’s decision of the last decade to build a nuclear power plant near the city of Ostrovets, in northern Belarus, has proven to be controversial, resulting in a great deal of debate about nuclear energy in the country. The debate was inevitably shaped by the traumatic event that affected Belarus – the Chernobyl nuclear accident of 1986. The Belarusian authorities have consistently promoted a positive view of nuclear energy to the population in order to overcome the so-called ‘Chernobyl syndrome’ and deliberately shaped nuclear risk communication. As a result, the issue of trust remains crucial in all nuclear debates in Belarus.

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Validation of Unit 1 of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant during its Accident

Global Journal of Researches in Engineering ◽

10.34257/gjrefvol21is1pg1 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-38

Author(s):

Shigenao Maruyama

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power Plant ◽

Nuclear Power ◽

Original Data ◽

Significant Loss ◽

Great East Japan Earthquake ◽

Nuclear Accident ◽

Future Generations ◽

Nuclear Accidents ◽

Fukushima Daiichi

Ten years have passed since the Great East Japan Earthquake and the subsequent accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (NPP) that occurred on March 11, 2011. The earthquake and tsunami caused significant loss of lives and widespread disaster in Japan. Several reports have been published on the nuclear accident; however, the original data released at the beginning of the accident were written in Japanese, and some of these documents are no longer accessible. Some of the scenarios pertaining to the accident have become standardized theories, and these scenarios may be passed down to future generations with different descriptions, which may not fully describe the actual occurrences. To prevent future nuclear accidents, the accident at Fukushima Daiichi must be properly understood and analyzed.

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