Comparison of Pullout Behaviour on Sand between Planer Grid Forms and Grid with Rib of Reinforcement

2010 ◽  
Vol 143-144 ◽  
pp. 1012-1016
Author(s):  
Yong Liang Lin ◽  
Meng Xi Zhang ◽  
Chun Cai
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Grid Size ◽  
Soil Reinforcement ◽  
Testing Program ◽  
Pullout Force ◽  
Pullout Resistance ◽  
Pullout Tests ◽  
Soil Structures ◽  
Pullout Behaviour ◽  
Grid Reinforcement

In conventional reinforced soil structures, the reinforcements are often laid horizontally in the soil. In this paper, a new concept of grid reinforcement with ribbed inclusions is proposed. In the proposed of soil reinforcement, besides conventional grid reinforcements, some vertical and 3D reinforcing rib are also placed in the soil. Pullout tests are necessary in order to study the interaction behavior between soil and geosynthetics in the anchorage zone. Then, a series of pullout tests are conducted and the various parameters studied in this testing program include rib height and grid size of reinforcement. The result shows that the ultimate pullout force of plexiglass with rib is significantly larger than ordinary ones in the same normal stress. Ultimate pullout resistance increased as the increase of the height of tooth, and also is significantly impacted by grid size.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigations on Pullout Behavior of HDPE Geogrid under Static and Dynamic Loading

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Zheng Zuo ◽  
Guangqing Yang ◽  
He Wang ◽  
Zhijie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Static Loading ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Pullout Resistance ◽  
Pullout Tests ◽  
Soil Structures ◽  
Static And Dynamic Loading

This paper describes a series of laboratory pullout tests that were performed to investigate the pullout behavior of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) uniaxial geogrid subjected to static and dynamic loading. Pullout tests were conducted on HDPE geogrid reinforced coarse sand under normal static loading (60–300 kPa), dynamic loading with different amplitudes (20, 40, and 60 kPa), and different frequencies (2, 4, and 6 Hz) by using the newly developed pullout apparatus. The results indicated that the pullout resistance of geogrid presented different growth patterns with the increase of normal loads under static loading. The amplitude and frequency both had significant effects on the interaction between reinforcement and soil, and the increment of the pullout resistance was 0.6 kN and 0.3 kN, respectively. The effect of dynamic loading on the soil-geogrid interface can be gradually equivalent to that of static loading corresponding to the balance position of dynamic loading with the increase of frequency compared with the static loading. The results of this study are helpful for the selection of the strength of the reinforcement in different locations and to simplify the study on the stress of reinforcement in reinforced soil structures under traffic loads.

scholarly journals Deformation of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Structures by Design, in the Lab and in the Field

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-171
Author(s):  
G. Heerten
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Seismic Loading ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Soil Reinforcement ◽  
Design Code ◽  
Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil ◽  
Soil Structures ◽  
The Usa ◽  
New Research ◽  
Reinforcement Interaction

Abstract Green-geo-engineering with geosynthetic reinforced soil structures is of increasing practice around the world. Poland is among the leading countries with the third biggest geogrid market in Europe. The German EBGEO 2010 Guideline for Soil Reinforcement with Geosynthetics as first European Guideline for Geosynthetics linked to the Eurocode 7, and the new design code for Japanese railway structures under seismic loading are introduced. New research results from the Geotechnical Institute of the RWTH Aachen, Germany, dealing with the soil/reinforcement interaction and new approaches for design codes for the reinforcement of base courses in traffic areas based on lab and field tests in the USA are presented.

Pullout Behavior of Steel Mechanically Stabilized Earth Reinforcements

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (52) ◽  
pp. 238-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy A. Wood ◽  
William D. Lawson ◽  
Priyantha W. Jayawickrama ◽  
James G. Surles
Keyword(s):  
Axial Force ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Soil Reinforcement ◽  
Mechanically Stabilized Earth ◽  
Pullout Resistance ◽  
Pullout Tests ◽  
Earth Reinforcement ◽  
Embedment Length ◽  
Mechanically Stabilized ◽  
Reinforcement Interaction

Instrumented pullout tests of unprecedented scope and scale explore the pullout behavior for three steel mechanically stabilized earth reinforcement types: ribbed strips, ladder-like strips, and three-wire bar mat grids. These data quantify the distribution of pullout resistance between longitudinal elements and illustrate the nature of certain reinforcement deformations. Consistent with characteristic inextensible pullout behavior and soil-reinforcement interaction, synthesized strain-gage data illustrate linear stress reduction along the embedment length during pullout for all three reinforcement styles. For ladder-like strips, the axial force divides evenly between the two longitudinal elements. For the three-wire bar mat grid, the center bar carries approximately 40% of the axial force, whereas each outside bar carries approximately 30% of the axial force. Observed pullout-induced deformation in the transverse elements of three-wire bar mat grids having widely spaced longitudinal bars is conceptually different from extensible behavior and suggests the need for refinement in current pullout resistance formulations.

The Influence of Geometric Structure of Geogrids on the Pullout Resistance

2011 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 586-590
Author(s):  
Di Wu ◽  
Chao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Structure ◽  
Geometric Characteristic ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pullout Force ◽  
Unresolved Problem ◽  
Pullout Resistance ◽  
Reinforced Soils ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Pullout Tests

The influence of geometric characteristic of geogrid on pullout behavior is still an unresolved problem in the application of geosynthetic reinforced soils. The laboratory pullout tests were employed to investigate the effects of geometric structure features on the pull-out test results. The results of this study indicate that the effect of geometric structure on pullout behavior is reflected in two aspects: geogrid type and mesh form of geogrid. The variation of geogrid types can lead to the changes of the pullout force and pullout modulus. For the latter one, the reduction of longitudinal and transverse geogrid ribs not only causes the decrease of friction and transverse rib bearing resistance, but also changes the mesh form which is the geometric structure of grids.

scholarly journals Mechanical Behavior of Triaxial Geogrid Used for Reinforced Soil Structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Wen-Zhao Cao ◽  
Yan-Jun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Geological Hazards ◽  
Grid Structure ◽  
Interface Friction ◽  
Pullout Tests ◽  
Soil Structures ◽  
Improved Performance

Geosynthetics-reinforced soil (GRS) structures have been widely used for the prevention of geological hazards. As a recently introduced product, the triaxial geogrid has been confirmed to provide improved performance due to the more stable grid structure. This paper presents an evaluation of the mechanical behavior based on a series of laboratory tests. The unconfined tensile strength of biaxial geogrid and triaxial geogrid in different loading directions relative to the orientation of ribs was investigated. Then, more than 8 pullout tests were conducted on the triaxial geogrid specimens embedded in the compacted sand. The internal displacements along the geogrid length were monitored. The results show that the triaxial geogrid has been shown to provide nearly uniform tensile strength in all loading directions as compared with the biaxial geogrid. The triaxial geogrid deformation is mainly characterized by rib bending and nodal distortion along with an inward squeeze perpendicular to the pullout direction. The interface friction between the soil and the geogrid develops in a progressive mode, and an elasto-plastic-softening characteristic is detected experimentally due to the extensibility of geogrid.

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