The Effect of Geotextile Layers and Configuration on Soil Bearing Capacity

The term "reinforced soil" refers to a composite material with high tensile-strength components that enhance the soil's tensile strength. One of the most common kinds of geosynthetic fabric utilized for soil reinforcement is geotextiles. This article investigates woven geotextile's potential benefits in enhancing the maximum load-carrying capacity of footings resting upon silty sand soil. The foundation was constructed of a 10 mm thick strong carbon steel plate of 100 mm×100 mm. The factors examined in this research were the first geotextile layer's depth, the geotextile layer's width, the number of layers of reinforcing material, and the vertical spacing between geotextile layers. The impact of geotextile strengthening configurations on the load-carrying capacity of strengthened soil foundations was also studied. The results of the experiments indicated that geotextile reinforced soil could help to grow the soil bearing capacity. The testing findings revealed that the system with three geotextile layers, 0.25B vertical distance among geotextile layers, and a geotextile width of 5B, B denotes the plate's width, achieves the most significant bearing capacity. The test findings also revealed that the reinforcement configuration greatly impacted the reinforced silty sand on the foundation's behavior.

Appraisal of Anchor Arrangement and Size On Sand-Geogrid Interaction In Direct Shear

Soil – reinforcement interaction is a major factor in the analysis and design of reinforced earth structures. In current research the effects of attaching elements of different size and numbers as anchors on enhancement of interaction at soil - geogrid interface under direct shear conditions were studied. Poorly and well graded sands (SC & Sf), a high density polyethylene geogrid, anchors with three different size and numbers (layouts) and clamping length of 2cm from shear surface were used. Samples were prepared dry at a relative density of 80% in a 30×30cm direct shear box and subjected to normal pressures of 12.5, 25 and 50kPa with the shear load applied at a rate of 1mm/min. Results of the assessment show that anchored geogrids improve shear resistance at interface mainly due to mobilization of passive soil resistance that is significantly influenced by the magnitude of the normal pressure and the number and size of anchors. Interaction enhancements achieved varied between a minimum of 8% and a maximum of 42%.

PLANNING TO REPAIR THE APPROACH SLABS BRIDGE MUARA TABIRAI, RANTAU – KANDANGAN

Muara Tabirai Bridge is on the border between Rantau and Kandangan District ,which is precisely is on the street of Kalumpang-Margasari, the village of Paci, Kalumpang subdistrict. Increasing economic growth has led to the economy of the population being affected by the development of the city, gradually increasing in economic sectors as a result of global economic growth. The increase in this economy is due to the growing industry in the area. This is accompanied by the increase and needs of the population in the area that resides in the region. Unfortunately, after one year of construction of Muara Tabirai Bridge, the approach slabs bridge in the direction Kandangan on the right side suffered a decrease in the soil to damage the asphalt, due to the possibility of a landslide on the side of the road, then the implementers make alternative repairs by using a bronjong which makes the load heavier than before so that the ground that supports the burden of the heap, bronjong and traffic load can not withstand and So in this final task is done repair on the ground soil and design a retaining wall that is more suitable for the condition of the landThe basic soil repair method used is by a phased heap (Preloading) combined with the Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) ,which serves as a water and air release on the soil, thus experiencing a consolidated degree of 90%. And for retaining wall against the side of the heap is used sheet pile with the type of free-standing ,which is suitable for the location of the pile located in the river. After that, the calculation of budget plan (RAB) on the Land, improvement Project,From the result of calculation obtained, a gradual heap (Preloading) carried out 0.2 m/week ,and ,a high critical heap (HCR) obtained on the high end of the plan (HR) 3.14 m obtained a security figure (SF) of 1.148 so that the heap used the soil reinforcement that is Mini pile erection so that the safety number (SF) reaches more than equal to 1.5 Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) is used specification of the product PT. Teknindo Superior System installed when before done the filling is on the ground ground, planning Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) using a triangular mounting pattern with a distance between PVD 1.25 m, depth 28 m and the time required is 21 weeks. Planning of soil retaining structure used is cantilever sheet pile type, obtained a total length of sheet pile of 20.938 m at STA 0 + 275 on the left and right side of the bridge. The budget plan for this basic land improvement project is Rp. 30,886,527,167

Stabilization of Slopes of Sandy Soils by Using Geosynthetics

This paper intended on the interactive performance of geo-synthetics in slope stabilization of non-cohesive soils. Presently, geo-synthetics are performing crucial role in geo-technical uses for reinforcing of soils for slope of stabilization, soil reinforcement for foundations, R E walls for highway and flyover construction etc. Usually, cohesion less soil is ideal for backfills of the embankments as of its exceptional drainage properties, at a low-level hydrostatic pressure built-up on slopes and excessive internal resistance owing to friction and interlocking. To research this property of geo-synthetics, relative density and shear box tests are done on the soil by varying geosynthetics for assessment of the shear parameters of sample. The mosquito reinforcement net as reinforcement on cohesionless soils, improvement in the angle of internal friction of the soil was observed by twenty-two percentage that the shear strength to be improved by 26.5%. So, the soil’s lateral load resistance or load transfer capacity improved to prevent the slope failure thereby saves the entire structure.

Numerical Analysis of Soil Reinforcement using Geocell infilled with Quarry Dust Powder

Massive urbanisation and infrastructural development caused by the growing population have taken place during the last decades. This means that in a rapidly expanding world economy we are running out of land. This problem has led to the use of ground improvement techniques to enhance the usability of land masses that were once not considered suitable for the development of infrastructure. Geocell is an innovative soil stabilisation product for civil engineering and development of infrastructures. They are cell containment systems which have been produced as an easy and durable material to stabilise and protect the compaction of the soil. The environmental concern regarding the disposability of quarry dust powder (QDP), produced from production units of M-sand (Manufactured sand), is of concern to the environment. The statement that is “waste of one industry should become the raw material for another” and that drawback can be addressed effectively by using it to improve the geotechnical characteristics of the weak soil. The purpose of this study is to find the optimal geocell-layer geometry and optimum combination of QDP infills to produce less settlement at a particular load using PLAXIS 2D software. The characteristics that have been varied are quarry dust powder in infill, geocell material and frequency of loading. These parameters were used for simulations to study the response of load vs settlements and the FOS of the slope. The FOS on the slope on the terrain was found to be 4.5, a steady slope. An optimised reinforcing mattress was ultimately found out.

Effectiveness of different admixtures on Atterberg limit and compaction characteristics of stabilized soil

Index properties of soared are the most crucial part of the soil, which impact construction activities due to the rapid growth of urbanization and industrialization. Soft soil is one of the most unstable soil which has a low strength and stiffness index due to its high liquid limit. Stabilization of soil by adding chemical or non-chemical based such as lime and cockle shell powder have proven to improve the index properties of soft soil. Lime and cockle shell powder is the most popular reinforcement materials used in the study on the soil reinforcement for soft soil. The use of lime and cockle shell powder as reinforcement materials in soil are proven effective. The study’s objective is to investigate the effectiveness of different admixtures used in the soil stabilization compared to lime and cockle shell powder on the effect of Atterberg limit and compaction characteristics of soft soil. It is shown the soil reinforcement in soil stabilization is functionally in improving mechanical properties of the soft soil. Meanwhile, the admixture in powder formed to act as a fine binder between soil and stabilizer agents. This will enhance the index properties of original soft soil such as Atterberg limit and compaction characteristics.

Ground Improvement By Using Coir Geo-Textile

For the design of pavement structure the subgrade soil and its properties are important as it gives adequate support to the pavement. To increase the life of pavement the subgrade must be able to support loads transmitted from pavement structure without excessive deformation under adverse climatic and traffic conditions. For using the soil as a good quality pavement material, it is a well-known fact that all soils do not possess all the desirable qualities. The subgrade performance of such soils should be increased by several modification techniques, when such soils cannot be replaced. Among that providing reinforcement to improve subgrade soil nowadays is widely adopted. Nowadays many reinforcing techniques are used to reinforce the soil, among that coir geotextile is most widely used. As it is a natural geotextile it needs treatment to improve the durability. In this study woven coir geotextile are used as soil reinforcement to improve the subgrade soil. The improvement in CBR value when coir geotextile placed at different depth in CBR mould is studied. The coir geocells with an aspect ratio of 0.75, 1 and 1.33 is used. The maximum improvement in CBR value is obtained when geotextile is placed at 1/3H. The CBR value improved when treated coir geotextile is used and the percentage improvement is 66.8% for coir geotextiles placed 1/3H and the percentage increase for treated coir geocells when placed at 1/3H is 37.5%. The optimum height of coir geocells is obtained at an aspect ratio of 1.

Strength of Vegetated Coal-Bearing Soil under Dry-Wet Cycles: An Experimental Study

Strength of vegetated coal-bearing soil is of great significance to evaluate the shallow stability of vegetated slopes in coal-bearing soil regions. This paper takes D-W cycles, dry density, water content, and vegetation root (VR) content as four factors and carries out the triaxial test for the orthogonal design of vegetated coal-bearing soil in southern China. The strength curves of vegetated coal-bearing soil under four factors were obtained. The Taguchi method was used to quantitatively analyse the effects of four factors. The microstructure of coal-bearing soil under D-W cycles and the theory of soil reinforcement by VR were discussed. The results indicated that D-W cycles had a significant effect on the cohesion and internal friction angle ( P < 0.05 ). The internal friction angle was little affected by the water content and VR content, which had considerable influence on the cohesion. The cohesion could be improved with less than 2% VR content. The cohesion was the largest for no D-W cycles, 10% water content, and 2% VR content. The links between mineral particles go from a stable layered structure to unsteadiness chain structure with the increase in the number of D-W cycles.