Influence of AMF on Oat Used to Phytoremediation in Petroleum Contaminated Soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 248-251
Author(s):  
Chang Hong Guo ◽  
Rui Dong ◽  
Peng Guan ◽  
Fei Fei Xun
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Environment Problem ◽  
Petroleum Contaminated Soil ◽  
Inoculation Group

Petroleum, one of the main energy resources, plays an important role in the progress of human culture. With the development of petroleum industry, soil contamination by petroleum products has become a worldwide environment problem. This study investigated the effects of inoculation using microorganism, identified as an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), Glomus intraradices on oat under petroleum stress using a pot experiment in greenhouse. The concentration of petroleum in the tested soils was 5000mg/kg. The results showed that the degradation rate of the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) of the inoculation treatments was significantly higher than the non-inoculation group. By detection the index of plant growth and physiology, such as soluble protein and MDA, the results showed that all the inoculation treatments increased plant tolerance to the TPHs stress and which could promote the phytoremediation.

GiFRD encodes a protein involved in anaerobic growth in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga A. Sędzielewska ◽  
Katja Vetter ◽  
Rüdiger Bode ◽  
Keith Baronian ◽  
Roland Watzke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Anaerobic Growth

scholarly journals Towards Growth of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Independent of a Plant Host

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1919-1924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Hildebrandt ◽  
Katharina Janetta ◽  
Hermann Bothe
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
Hyphal Coils ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Root Tissues

ABSTRACT When surface-sterilized spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus intraradices Sy167 were germinated on agar plates in the slightly modified minimum mineral medium described by G. Bécard and J. A. Fortin (New Phytol. 108:211-218, 1988), slime-forming bacteria, identified as Paenibacillus validus, frequently grew up. These bacteria were able to support growth of the fungus on the agar plates. In the presence of P. validus, hyphae branched profusely and formed coiled structures. These were much more densely packed than the so-called arbuscule-like structures which are formed by AMF grown in coculture with carrot roots transformed with T-DNA from Agrobacterium rhizogenes. The presence of P. validus alone also enabled G. intraradices to form new spores, mainly at the densely packed hyphal coils. The new spores were not as abundant as and were smaller than those formed by AMF in the monoxenic culture with carrot root tissues, but they also contained lipid droplets and a large number of nuclei. In these experiments P. validus could not be replaced by bacteria such as Escherichia coli K-12 or Azospirillum brasilense Sp7. Although no conditions under which the daughter spores regerminate and colonize plants have been found yet, and no factor(s) from P. validus which stimulates fungal growth has been identified, the present findings might be a significant step forward toward growth of AMF independent of any plant host.

scholarly journals Identification of a cDNA from the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Glomus intraradices that is Expressed During Mycorrhizal Symbiosis and Up-Regulated by N Fertilization

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M. Ruiz-Lozano ◽  
Carlos Collados ◽  
Rosa Porcel ◽  
Rosario Azcón ◽  
JoséM. Barea
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Product ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Transcript Accumulation ◽  
Reading Frame

A cDNA library was constructed with RNA from Glomus intraradices-colonized lettuce roots and used for differential screening. This allowed the identification of a cDNA (Gi-1) that was expressed only in mycorrhizal roots and was of fungal origin. The function of the gene product is unknown, because Gi-1 contained a complete open reading frame that was predicted to encode a protein of 157 amino acids which only showed little homology with glutamine synthetase from Helicobacter pylori. The time-course analysis of gene expression during the fungal life cycle showed that Gi-1 was expressed only during the mycorrhizal symbiosis and was not detected in dormant or germinating spores of G. intraradices. P fertilization did not significantly change the pattern of Gi-1 expression compared with that in the unfertilized treatment, whereas N fertilization (alone or in combination with P) considerably enhanced the Gi-1 transcript accumulation. This increase in gene expression correlated with plant N status and growth under such conditions. The possible role of the Gi-1 gene product in intermediary N metabolism of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis is further discussed.

scholarly journals Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 Survival in Soil and Translocation into Leeks (Allium porrum) as Influenced by an Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus (Glomus intraradices)

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1813-1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua B. Gurtler ◽  
David D. Douds ◽  
Brian P. Dirks ◽  
Jennifer J. Quinlan ◽  
April M. Nicholson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Allium Porrum ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACTA study was conducted to determine the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi onSalmonellaand enterohemorrhagicEscherichia coliO157:H7 (EHEC) in autoclaved soil and translocation into leek plants. Six-week-old leek plants (with [Myc+] or without [Myc−] AM fungi) were inoculated with composite suspensions ofSalmonellaor EHEC at ca. 8.2 log CFU/plant into soil. Soil, root, and shoot samples were analyzed for pathogens on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 postinoculation. Initial populations (day 1) were ca. 3.1 and 2.1 log CFU/root, ca. 2.0 and 1.5 log CFU/shoot, and ca. 5.5 and 5.1 CFU/g of soil forSalmonellaand EHEC, respectively. Enrichments indicated that at days 8 and 22, only 31% of root samples were positive for EHEC, versus 73% positive forSalmonella. The meanSalmonellalevel in soil was 3.4 log CFU/g at day 22, while EHEC populations dropped to ≤0.75 log CFU/g by day 15. Overall,Salmonellasurvived in a greater number of shoot, root, and soil samples, compared with the survival of EHEC. EHEC was not present in Myc− shoots after day 8 (0/16 samples positive); however, EHEC persisted in higher numbers (P= 0.05) in Myc+ shoots (4/16 positive) at days 15 and 22.Salmonella, likewise, survived in statistically higher numbers of Myc+ shoot samples (8/8) at day 8, compared with survival in Myc− shoots (i.e., only 4/8). These results suggest that AM fungi may potentially enhance the survival ofE. coliO157:H7 andSalmonellain the stems of growing leek plants.

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