Investigation on Formability of AISI 304 Circular Cups by Warm Deep Drawing

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 1410-1417
Author(s):  
N Ethiraj ◽  
V.S Senthil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal Forming ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Draw Ratio ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Warm Working ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Stainless Steel Aisi

Deep drawing is one of the sheet metal forming processes used widely in industries like automobile, aerospace etc. In drawing operation, the limiting draw ratio (LDR) is used as an index of drawability of a material. In this investigation, stainless steel AISI 304 grade blanks of 1.0 mm thickness with different diameters are drawn into a circular cups in single stage. The experiments were conducted at room temperature as well as at temperatures 100oC, 200oC, and 300oC. The LDR values obtained in each condition were analyzed. The experimental results show that there is a significant improvement in LDR values by warm working.

Prediction of Press Loads in Deep Drawing Ti–6Al–4V, Stainless Steel AISI 304 and Inconel X Alloy Under Various Conditions of Lubrication at Room Temperature

1970 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjan Ray ◽  
J. T. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Work Hardening ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Stainless Steel Aisi

Attempts have been made to predict loads in deep drawing Ti–6Al–4V, AISI 304, and Inconel X taking into account anisotropy and work-hardening characteristics. This has been accompanied by a comprehensive series of tests on these materials in different thicknesses (0.030–0.070 in.) using a variety of lubricants at room temperature. Draw-ability and agreement of predicted loads with those observed are seen to depend on a variety of factors. Most satisfactory agreement between prediction and observation is seen with the strongly anisotropic titanium alloy. Of the lubricants examined, polyethylene sheet and a molybdenum disulfide suspension in an acrylic resin appear to be most effective. Further work is proceeding on elevated temperature drawing.

Experimental Investigation on Warm Deep Drawing of Stainless Steel AISI 304

2010 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 436-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ethiraj ◽  
V.S. Senthil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Deformation Behaviour ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Warm Working ◽  
Metal Forming Process ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Stainless Steel Aisi

Deep drawing is one of the most widely used metal forming process to produce sheet metal parts especially in automobile industries. Warm working is the plastic deformation of metal at temperatures below the temperature range for recrystallization and above the room temperature. In this investigation, 1.0mm thick circular specimen of stainless steel AISI 304 were warm deep drawn and the influence of temperature on the deformation behaviour of material and the drawing loads which is required to draw the component was studied. The results show that the warm working has positive effects like reduced drawing load, negligible amount of increase in thinning and thickening of a drawn component when compared to the conventional drawing and also there is no necking or cracking occurs due to the temperature influence.

Multi-Step Forward Finite Element Method for the Numerical Simulation of Sheet Metal Forming

2011 ◽  
Vol 474-476 ◽  
pp. 251-254
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Wu ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Yu Jing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Sheet Metal Forming ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Constitutive Relationship ◽  
Element Method

The multi-step forward finite element method is presented for the numerical simulation of multi-step sheet metal forming. The traditional constitutive relationship is modified according to the multi-step forming processes, and double spreading plane based mapping method is used to obtain the initial solutions of the intermediate configurations. To verify the multi-step forward FEM, the two-step simulation of a stepped box deep-drawing part is carried out as it is in the experiment. The comparison with the results of the incremental FEM and test shows that the multi-step forward FEM is efficient for the numerical simulation of multi-step sheet metal forming processes.

In-Process Visualisation for Deformation Monitoring and Analysis of Sheet Metal Forming Processes

2013 ◽  
Vol 677 ◽  
pp. 384-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Kei Ricky Kot ◽  
Luen Chow Chan
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Sheet Metal Forming ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Deformation Process ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Laser Displacement Sensor ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Profile Change

In this paper, a visualisation system will be discussed that can be used to capture the deformation profile of the sheet blank during sheet metal forming processes, such as deep drawing and shape forming. The visualisation system utilizes a 2D laser displacement sensor for deformation profile acquisition. The sensor is embedded in the die and the laser propagates through the die to detect the profile change of the specimen concealed in the die during operation. The captured profile data will be collected, manipulated and transferred to a monitor for display via a controller. This visualisation of the deformation profile will provide engineers and researchers with an intuitive means of analysing and diagnosing the deformation process during sheet metal forming.

scholarly journals Tool surface with a supporting plateau of hard particles for deep drawing of high alloy steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 14006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannes Freiße ◽  
Thomas Seefeld
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal Forming ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
High Alloy ◽  
High Alloy Steel ◽  
Hard Particles ◽  
Aluminium Bronze ◽  
Tool Surface ◽  
Alloy Steels

Sheet metal forming normally requires the application of lubricants to protect the tool and the sheet against wear. The parts must be cleaned to remove the lubricants before joining and coating. This process step wastes energy and water resources. In the case of non-lubricated sheet metal forming, cleaning processes would not be necessary anymore and the process chain could be optimized regarding ecological and economical aspects. However, forming without lubrication leads to an intensive contact between the tool and the sheet. Thus, higher wear occurs and process reliability cannot be ensured for industrial mass production. High alloy steels are applied for mass-market products e.g. for appliances. Because of the higher strength, strain hardening and galling effects the austenitic steels are comparatively difficult to form. For dry metal forming of high alloy steels new tool concept must be developed to withstand the higher loads. In this work, a laser generated tool surface with a supporting plateau of hard particles (metal matrix composite (MMC-surface)) is presented. Spherical fused tungsten carbides were injected into the surface by laser melt injection. The metallic matrix of the composite was rejected by applying laser ablation. In consequence, the hard particles stood out of the matrix and were in direct contact with the sheet material. The surface of hard particles had a high hardness about 3000 HV and less metallic character. Cold working steel and aluminium bronze were tested as reference tool materials. Dry and lubricated forming experiments were carried out by strip drawing with bending and deep drawing of cups. Dry deep drawing of cups was not possible by using cold work tool steel. This can be traced back to the occurrence of wrinkles and cup base fracture at the same time. Applying aluminium bronze as tool material for dry metal forming resulted in high adhesive wear. Within this work the feasibility of dry metal forming of high alloy steel could be demonstrated by applying the MMC-surface whereby adhesive wear could be reduced.

Influence of Process Parameters on the Machining Characteristics of Austensite Stainless Steel (AISI 304)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 13321-13333 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P. Junaidh ◽  
G. Yuvaraj ◽  
Josephine Peter ◽  
V Bhuvaneshwari ◽  
Kanagasabapathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Machining Characteristics ◽  
Stainless Steel Aisi

Cationic clevelable surfactants as highly efficient corrosion inhibitors of stainless steel AISI 304: Electrochemical study

2020 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 113675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Pakiet ◽  
Iwona Kowalczyk ◽  
Rafael Leiva Garcia ◽  
Robert Akid ◽  
Bogumił Brycki
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
Electrochemical Study ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Stainless Steel Aisi
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