Applying Syntan to Improve the Solid Effect of Silk/Wool Blends Dyed with Acid Dyes

2012 ◽  
Vol 441 ◽  
pp. 342-345
Author(s):  
Sha Sha Sun ◽  
Na Chen ◽  
Fang Yao ◽  
Ren Cheng Tang
Keyword(s):  
Acid Dyes ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
High Class ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Apparent Color ◽  
Solid Effect ◽  
Selection Of

Silk is blended with wool to make high-class apparel, contributing luster and strength. For the dyeing of silk/wool blends, the solid shades are usually required. However, the apparent color strength of dyed wool is generally higher than that of silk, which must be improved through the selection of dyes employed as well as the control of pH and dyeing temperature. In this paper, a novel approach of syntan application to improving the solid effect of silk/wool blends dyed with acid dyes was investigated. The influence of syntan on the distribution of different acid dyes in silk and wool as well as the apparent color strength of two fibers was determined. The mechanism for syntan to improve the solid effect was discussed according to the behaviors of syntan adsorption on silk and wool as well as fiber structures.

Development of a Performance-Related Framework for Asphalt Mixture Design for the Illinois Tollway

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110148
Author(s):  
Behnam Jahangiri ◽  
Punyaslok Rath ◽  
Hamed Majidifard ◽  
William G. Buttlar
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
T Test ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Final Adjustment ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Selection Of

Various agencies have begun to research and introduce performance-related specifications (PRS) for the design of modern asphalt paving mixtures. The focus of most recent studies has been directed toward simplified cracking test development and evaluation. In some cases, development and validation of PRS has been performed, building on these new tests, often by comparison of test values to accelerated pavement test studies and/or to limited field data. This study describes the findings of a comprehensive research project conducted at Illinois Tollway, leading to a PRS for the design of mainline and shoulder asphalt mixtures. A novel approach was developed, involving the systematic establishment of specification requirements based on: 1) selection of baseline values based on minimally acceptable field performance thresholds; 2) elevation of thresholds to account for differences between short-term lab aging and expected long-term field aging; 3) further elevation of thresholds to account for variability in lab testing, plus variability in the testing of field cores; and 4) final adjustment and rounding of thresholds based on a consensus process. After a thorough evaluation of different candidate cracking tests in the course of the project, the Disk-shaped Compact Tension—DC(T)—test was chosen to be retained in the Illinois Tollway PRS and to be presented in this study for the design of crack-resistant mixtures. The DC(T) test was selected because of its high degree of correlation with field results and its excellent repeatability. Tailored Hamburg rut depth and stripping inflection point thresholds were also established for mainline and shoulder mixes.

scholarly journals Gradient-based selection of cross sections: a novel approach for optimal frame structure design

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 959-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Krogh ◽  
Mathias H. Jungersen ◽  
Erik Lund ◽  
Esben Lindgaard
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Gradient Based ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals A novel approach for rapid high-throughput selection of recombinant functional rat monoclonal antibodies

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Chen ◽  
Shengping Qiu ◽  
Huanhuan Li ◽  
Chaolong Lin ◽  
Yong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Novel Approach in the Construction of Bioethanol-Producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hybrids

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anamarija Štafa ◽  
Andrea Pranklin ◽  
Ivan Krešimir Svetec ◽  
Božidar Šantek ◽  
Marina Svetec Miklenić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Gene Targeting ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Fermentation Inhibitors ◽  
Lignocellulosic Hydrolysates ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Ethanol Producer ◽  
High Ethanol ◽  
Selection Of

Bioethanol production from lignocellulosic hydrolysates requires a producer strain that tolerates both the presence of growth and fermentation inhibitors and high ethanol concentrations. Therefore, we constructed heterozygous intraspecies hybrid diploids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by crossing two natural S. cerevisiae isolates, YIIc17_E5 and UWOPS87-2421, a good ethanol producer found in wine and a strain from the flower of the cactus Opuntia megacantha resistant to inhibitors found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, respectively. Hybrids grew faster than parental strains in the absence and in the presence of acetic and levulinic acids and 2-furaldehyde, inhibitors frequently found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, and the overexpression of YAP1 gene increased their survival. Furthermore, although originating from the same parental strains, hybrids displayed different fermentative potential in a CO2 production test, suggesting genetic variability that could be used for further selection of desirable traits. Therefore, our results suggest that the construction of intraspecies hybrids coupled with the use of genetic engineering techniques is a promising approach for improvement or development of new biotechnologically relevant strains of S. cerevisiae. Moreover, it was found that the success of gene targeting (gene targeting fidelity) in natural S. cerevisiae isolates (YIIc17_E5α and UWOPS87-2421α) was strikingly lower than in laboratory strains and the most frequent off-targeting event was targeted chromosome duplication.

scholarly journals Dictionary-Guided Editing Networks for Paraphrase Generation

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 6546-6553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohan Huang ◽  
Yu Wu ◽  
Furu Wei ◽  
Zhongzhi Luan
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Evaluation ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Human Evaluation ◽  
Original Sentence ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Benchmark Datasets ◽  
Source Sentence ◽  
Input Sentence ◽  
Paraphrase Generation ◽  
Selection Of

An intuitive way for a human to write paraphrase sentences is to replace words or phrases in the original sentence with their corresponding synonyms and make necessary changes to ensure the new sentences are fluent and grammatically correct. We propose a novel approach to modeling the process with dictionary-guided editing networks which effectively conduct rewriting on the source sentence to generate paraphrase sentences. It jointly learns the selection of the appropriate word level and phrase level paraphrase pairs in the context of the original sentence from an off-the-shelf dictionary as well as the generation of fluent natural language sentences. Specifically, the system retrieves a set of word level and phrase level paraphrase pairs derived from the Paraphrase Database (PPDB) for the original sentence, which is used to guide the decision of which the words might be deleted or inserted with the soft attention mechanism under the sequence-to-sequence framework. We conduct experiments on two benchmark datasets for paraphrase generation, namely the MSCOCO and Quora dataset. The automatic evaluation results demonstrate that our dictionary-guided editing networks outperforms the baseline methods. On human evaluation, results indicate that the generated paraphrases are grammatically correct and relevant to the input sentence.

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