Development of a Performance-Related Framework for Asphalt Mixture Design for the Illinois Tollway

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110148
Author(s):  
Behnam Jahangiri ◽  
Punyaslok Rath ◽  
Hamed Majidifard ◽  
William G. Buttlar
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
T Test ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Final Adjustment ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Selection Of

Various agencies have begun to research and introduce performance-related specifications (PRS) for the design of modern asphalt paving mixtures. The focus of most recent studies has been directed toward simplified cracking test development and evaluation. In some cases, development and validation of PRS has been performed, building on these new tests, often by comparison of test values to accelerated pavement test studies and/or to limited field data. This study describes the findings of a comprehensive research project conducted at Illinois Tollway, leading to a PRS for the design of mainline and shoulder asphalt mixtures. A novel approach was developed, involving the systematic establishment of specification requirements based on: 1) selection of baseline values based on minimally acceptable field performance thresholds; 2) elevation of thresholds to account for differences between short-term lab aging and expected long-term field aging; 3) further elevation of thresholds to account for variability in lab testing, plus variability in the testing of field cores; and 4) final adjustment and rounding of thresholds based on a consensus process. After a thorough evaluation of different candidate cracking tests in the course of the project, the Disk-shaped Compact Tension—DC(T)—test was chosen to be retained in the Illinois Tollway PRS and to be presented in this study for the design of crack-resistant mixtures. The DC(T) test was selected because of its high degree of correlation with field results and its excellent repeatability. Tailored Hamburg rut depth and stripping inflection point thresholds were also established for mainline and shoulder mixes.

Performance of ewes given maize silage during late pregnancy and lactation

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 130-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hill ◽  
A.B. Notman ◽  
S.P. Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
Sheep Production ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Selection Of

Maize silage is a popular feed for dairy and beef cattle in the United Kingdom, but its popularity for sheep production has never been great. Several reasons for the lack of interest in maize silage for ewes and lambs have been cited; the growth of an annual crop for silage on holdings with a predominance of long-term leys, the low requirement of ewes and lambs for conserved feed, the possibility of low voluntary DM intakes and the risk of a high degree of selection of dietary components of the diet (Brown and Thomas, 1989). The research reported here examines the use of maize silage for ewes in late pregnancy and early lactation.

Effect of Extended Aging on Asphalt Materials Containing Re-Refined Engine Oil Bottoms

2017 ◽  
Vol 2632 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Mensching ◽  
Adrian Andriescu ◽  
Christopher DeCarlo ◽  
Xinjun Li ◽  
Jack S. Youtcheff
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Cyclic Fatigue ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Bending Beam Rheometer ◽  
The Difference

The use of re-refined engine oil bottoms (REOBs) in asphalt pavements is a topic of much debate because the aging susceptibility and quantity of the additive in the binder may affect field performance. In this study, four mixtures with varying REOB contents (up to 15%) were long-term oven aged by using a high-temperature, short-duration method (135°C, 24 h) and compared with existing data on mixtures aged with more conventional short-term and long-term oven-aging procedures. The recovered binders underwent Superpave® grading, double-edge notched tension, and extended bending beam rheometer testing, and the binders were subjected to dynamic modulus, cyclic fatigue testing in the asphalt mixture performance tester, and thermal stress restrained specimen testing. Results showed a general insensitivity when short-term oven-aged (135°C, 4 h) materials were compared with long-term oven-aged (85°C, 5 days) materials, whereas the aging process at 135°C over 24 h resulted in substantial changes to the stiffness and relaxation properties across high-, intermediate-, and low-temperature modes. The difference between the stiffness-based and slope-based low-temperature performance grades appears to be an indicator for REOB modification, with the test for physical hardening of the binder being more sensitive than standard bending beam rheometer testing. The details in this paper provide information for the asphalt pavement community to consider as specifications. Standard practices are developed to address REOB modification.

A Cookbook of Cinematic Delicacies That Do Not Expire

Leonardo ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Spitz ◽  
Emőke-Ágnes Horvát
Keyword(s):  
Large Data ◽  
Citation Network ◽  
Personal Taste ◽  
Personal Favorite ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Representative Selection ◽  
Economic Considerations ◽  
Selection Of

Despite the increasing number of film rankings that are created on the basis of economic considerations, critical acclaim, or personal taste, cinema lacks the means to quantify the long-term success of films. The authors therefore propose a novel approach to the analysis of cinematic influences which is based on a film citation network that is extracted from a large data base. The resulting top list of films is more diverse in terms of the main creators, genre, actors, and technical specifications than a representative selection of personal favorite lists, voting lists, lists of individual experts, or lists deduced from expert polls.

Multi-gene Genetic Programming for Structure Selection of Polynomial NARMAX models

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Carvalho de Castro ◽  
Bruno Henrique Groenner Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Average Performance ◽  
Structure Selection ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
One Step ◽  
Simulation Error ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Selection Of

In the area of black-box identication, NARMAX models are of great interest. The main diculty faced when working with such models is the selection of the correct structure to represent the underlying system in the data. Orthogonal Least Squares (OLS) methods are widely used for this task, however, there are systems with a high degree of non-linearity and long term dependencies, which makes the use of traditional OLS methods computationally impracticable. In this sense, this paper studies the use of Multi-Gene Genetic Programing (MGGP) together with the traditional OLS method to increase the search space and turn the structure selection practicable for average performance computer. It is shown that, in real-life problem data, the algorithm can nd better models than previous works' models. The MGGP found a model for a hydraulic pumping system with a better one-step-ahead prediction error (0:058 mlc2 against 0:070 mlc2) using PEM technique and better free-run simulation error (0:997 mlc2 against 1:120 mlc2) using SEM technique. The MGGP found a model with such a degree of non-linearity and maximum input-output lags that totalizes 142505 candidate terms for traditional OLS analysis, which is impracticable for average performance computers.

SoundSight: A Mobile Sensory Substitution Device that Sonifies Colour, Distance, and Temperature

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giles Hamilton-Fletcher ◽  
James Alvarez ◽  
Marianna Obrist ◽  
Jamie Ward
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Sensory Substitution ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Smartphone Technology ◽  
Degree Of Control ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Colour Distance ◽  
Selection Of

Depth, colour, and thermal images contain practical and actionable information for the visually-impaired. Conveying this information through alternative modalities such as audition creates new interaction possibilities for users as well as opportunities to study neuroplasticity. The ‘SoundSight’ App (www.SoundSight.co.uk) provides a smartphone platform that allows 3D position, colour, and thermal information to directly control thousands of high-quality sounds in real-time to create completely unique and responsive soundscapes for the user. These sounds could be anything - tones, rainfall, speech, instruments, or even full musical tracks. Users have a fine degree of control over how these sounds are presented through controlling the timing and selection of sounds played at a given moment. Through utilising smartphone technology with a novel approach to sonification, the SoundSight App provides a cheap, widely-accessible, scalable, and flexible sensory tool. In this paper we discuss common problems encountered with assistive sensory tools reaching long-term adoption, how our device seeks to address these problems, its theoretical background, its technical implementation, and finally we showcase a range of use case scenarios for scientists, artists, and the blind community.

scholarly journals Asbuton Pracampur Antara Harapan dan Kenyataan

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
H. R. Anwar Yamin ◽  
Willy Pravianto ◽  
Hikma Dewita
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Asphalt Mix ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Term Field

Preblended asbuton is one of a kind bitumen modification that used in Indonesia. From the results of laboratory tests and field trials scale, obtained that paved using asphalt mixture has better technical properties than conventional asphalt mix made bu asphalt Pen 60. Therefore, in the General Specifications of Highways 2011, this type of asphalt used for dense and  heavy trafficed road. Although the long-term performance of asphaltic mixtures  using preblended asbuton have not been surely known, but until now there has been a lot of road sections in Indonesia have used it. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term field performance of preblended asbuton asphaltic mixtures. To achieve these objectives, filed conditions survey, testing and sampling tests have conducted on several roads that use different preblended asbuton (further named Code-O and Code-B), which has served the traffic from one to three years. In this study, the filed long-term performance of the preblended asbuton asphaltic layer  viewed from the level of damage and aging asphalt development that occurs in the field. Some conclution derived from this study were that preblended asbuton Code-O or Code-B has a good rutting resistance but preblended asbuton Code-B has a better cracking resistance than  Code-O. In terms of short-term aging point of view, preblended asbuton Code-O are better than asphalt Pen 60 and contrary to the Code-B, but for long-term the aging resistance either of preblended asbuton Code-O  or Code-B was relative similar to asphalt Pen 60.

A Study of Different Methodologies Helpful in the Identification of Offline Handwritten Script

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Manish M. Kayasth ◽  
Bharat C. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Character Recognition ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Classification Technique ◽  
Scanned Image ◽  
Gujarati Language ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Selection Of

The entire character recognition system is logically characterized into different sections like Scanning, Pre-processing, Classification, Processing, and Post-processing. In the targeted system, the scanned image is first passed through pre-processing modules then feature extraction, classification in order to achieve a high recognition rate. This paper describes mainly on Feature extraction and Classification technique. These are the methodologies which play an important role to identify offline handwritten characters specifically in Gujarati language. Feature extraction provides methods with the help of which characters can identify uniquely and with high degree of accuracy. Feature extraction helps to find the shape contained in the pattern. Several techniques are available for feature extraction and classification, however the selection of an appropriate technique based on its input decides the degree of accuracy of recognition. 

Women's Participation in Politics: Ukrainian Case

2014 ◽  
Vol 2013 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Skovikov Alexey
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Democratic Transformation ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe international practices takes into account the question of women's participation in the political life of modern Ukraine. The selection of the state was due to the dynamic process of democratic transformation - the separation of powers, the formation of multi-party competition among political actors in the electoral process, the activity women in the various institutions of civil society. The position was claimed on the basis of empirical data range of academic institutions and reputable sociological centers, and also interviews with experts who said that the creation of real conditions for self-realization by women's interest in politics is only possible for long term. The process is controversial and caused by political culture, traditions and interests of the ruling class represented mainly by men.

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